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Rachael Rosner 《Journal of the history of the neurosciences》2013,22(3):264-268
This article introduces and critiques the historiographical tradition of the history of the neurosciences as it has been established in the International Society for the History of the Neurosciences (ISHN). The founding members of the ISHN were practitioner-historians, practitioners of the neurosciences with an interest in the great moments, ideas and controversies in the history of their field. The historiographical precedent set by these clinician-historians emphasized those aspects of history most interesting to them. Academic historians bring a different approach to the history of the neurosciences, particularly an interest in studying the intellectual and cultural contexts of both the inherited and the forgotten ideas about the nervous system. Their approach to history has not been well represented in the ISHN, in part because the current historiographical tradition does not address their interests. This article highlights the methodological and epistemological differences between academic and practitioner-historians and discusses the difficulties that other historical societies have faced in trying to bring them together. The article then suggests ideas for symposia that might facilitate an interdisciplinary dialogue and a revised historiographical tradition that speaks to the needs of both academic historians and practitioner historians. 相似文献
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夏同龢为贵州历史上两个状元之一,其《状元策论答卷》与光绪帝当时维新变法的思想相近,从“求才”、“经武”、“绥远”、“理财”四个方面阐述了执政及变法之要,通篇洋溢着爱国、务实、变革、维新的思想,有较深刻的政治哲学思想。 相似文献
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中国社会科学院当代中国研究所著《中华人民共和国简史(1949-2019)》一书,于2019年9月由当代中国出版社出版。该书共6章、15万多字,记述了新中国成立70年来波澜壮阔的历史,展示了党和国家取得的重大历史性成就,是中华民族从站起来、富起来到强起来的真实写照。历史是最好的教科书。作为梳理新中国历史经验的优秀读物,该书可以帮助广大干部群众学习新中国史,并且已经被中共中央组织部、中共中央宣传部列为学习新中国史的重点教材之一。 相似文献
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梦想辉煌:建设我们的大遗址保护展示体系和园区——关于我国大遗址保护思路的探讨 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
大遗址保护是长期困扰我国的一个日益迫切的课题。本文提出继续坚持“保护为主,抢救第一”的方针,正确处理保护与利用的关系,将大遗址抢救保护与展示宣传予以整体考虑。并建议国家制定具有长期指导作用的大遗址保护展示体系和重点园区的建设规划,纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。 相似文献
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S. Dierig 《Journal of the history of the neurosciences》2013,22(1):5-13
Laboratories, along with the researchers, organisms, instruments, and experiments associated with these places of investigation, are not isolated from the world beyond their physical and institutional boundaries. Both laboratories and the cities in which they are embedded are subject to change, as was most dramatically apparent in their dynamic and far-reaching transformation during the industrial revolution of the nineteenth century. Using the example of Berlin and the institutionalization of experimental physiology by Emil du Bois-Reymond, in this paper I study experimental work on frogs and fish in order to demonstrate how a city and a laboratory cooperate in the production of knowledge. Emil du Bois-Reymond's research on electric fish illustrates how an exotic organism and a laboratory came together in a city and how the research was driven by innovation and development in urban and industrial technology. Ongoing changes in the urban landscape entered du Bois-Reymond's workplace and became part of the material culture of his experimental physiology and his attempts to demonstrate that the electric fish discharge is fundamentally similar to the excitation of nerve and muscle. 相似文献
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张家山汉简的出土证实了汉初的确存在过以爵位高下及身份不同授予相应田宅的制度,即名田宅制。这套制度由于缺乏应有条件的支持,一开始就没有彻底施行,高祖后期即名存实亡。《二年律令.户律》是奉“高祖之法”不敢删削而原封保留,而非现行律文。武帝朝所纠劾地方豪右的“田宅逾制”,是武帝本朝的限田之制,不是汉初的“名田宅制”。此后,汉代的限田方案都没有成功实施过。常见诸史书的“田宅逾制”、“逾限”等提法,应大多为观念性词语,而非特指或实指。 相似文献
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官样是中国古代官府手工业生产制度的内容之一,也是生产过程官府决定产品类别以及保证产品质量的主要手段。本文从故宫博物院收藏的清代制瓷官样入手,通过与大量的传世瓷器对比,在论证清代制瓷官样制度的基础上,追溯了中国古代制瓷官样的历史,进而论定官手工业和官样制度是造成封建社会后期工艺成就衰颓的主要原因。 相似文献
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基于新休假制度的上海居民出游方式及特点研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
休假制度是影响居民出游活动的重要条件。本文以上海为例,在市场调查数据基础上,针对新的休假制度颁布后上海居民在出游方式选择上表现出来的各种偏好进行了分析和比较,并对相关特点展开了讨论。 相似文献
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中国国民党早期军队政工制度的演变:1924-1928 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在孙中山的“党治”理念及苏联“党军”体制影响下,中国国民党于1924年改组后积极倡行“党在国上”、“党在军上”的政治制度,在黄埔军校教导团时代,即仿效苏联红军实施以党代表为中心、以政治部为具体实践单位、辅以自上而下建立党部的三位一体的政工制度。1925年7月改编为国民革命军后,这一体制在黄埔军校生为主体的军队内基本保留。因国共间的猜忌,国民革命军政工制度随着“清党”运动而产生重大变异,党代表制废除,政治训练部地位下降,军队党部更是形同虚设。试图控制军队的国民党,却被以蒋介石为首的军人反控,形成了事实上的“以军干政”、“军强党弱”现象,成为此后影响民国政治走向的一大因素。 相似文献