基于居民出行大数据的我国都市圈识别及其分布格局

都市圈是大城市发展到一定阶段的产物,当前都市圈空间范围界定还存在争议,本文梳理了都市圈的概念和内涵,采用手机信令出行数据识别了全国都市圈的空间分布格局。分析发现,我国大部分都市圈仍处于发育阶段,当出行率阈值为 1% 时全国识别出 27个都市圈。都市圈的分布格局与经济发展水平密切相关,经济发达地区的都市圈数量多、分布密集,如东部沿海和城市群地区。中心城市的人口和经济规模,以及圈域出行距离影响了都市圈的空间范围和圈内联系程度,圈域出行规模与中心城市人口规模呈正相关,外围城市向中心城市的出行率与中心城市经济首位度呈正相关,且符合距离衰减规律。     

私营酒店的发展障碍与对策

本分析研究私营酒店的管理模式和特征,对其所面临的问题提出相应的对策。     

南京图书馆发展史略

中国最早的近代图书馆之一的南京图书馆在艰难曲折的发展历程中取得了一系列成就,目前已成为我国第三大图书馆。     

马克思恩格斯派生性社会发展观研究

原生性社会发展与派生性社会发展的问题,实质上是文明的创造与文明的传播问题。马克思、恩格斯的历史观自始就是原生论与派生论相统一的历史观。但马克思、恩格斯逝世后,唯物史观却在基本理论的层次上被彻底地误读为了只讲原生性社会发展、不讲派生性社会发展的“单纯原生论的唯物史观”。这就造成了严重的理论倒退和普遍的理论混乱,极大地削弱了唯物史观的历史解释力,严重地限制和阻碍了我国的历史学和历史理论的正常发展。这种状况,亟待改变。     

Congenital Syphilis in the Archaeological Record: Diagnostic Insensitivity of Osseous Lesions

The paucity of convincing evidence for congenital bone lesions of syphilis in the archaeological record led to study of the human remains from the Buffalo site in West Virginia, dated at 550—650 years BP. The diagnosis of syphilis (venereal) in adults was based on previously validated population criteria for the recognition of syphilis and its distinction from among the other treponemal diseases. Among the 151 juveniles (23.3 per cent of the total series), only one had macroscopic evidence of periosteal disease. The low frequency of recognizable osseous stigmata characteristic of congenital syphilis, combined with the conspicuous absence of pathognomonic dental lesions, make such periosteal lesions insufficiently sensitive criteria for the identification of syphilis in the archaeological record. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

政府主导型旅游发展战略的必然转化

本考察了政府主导型旅游发展战略当初提倡的时代背景,并充分论述了停止倡导政府主导型的必要性与必然性。     

区域旅游产业发展战略研究论纲

本文回顾与反思了我国近年来区域旅游产业发展战略研究的进程,并对我国区域旅游产业发展战略的研究进行了客观分析和评价,提出了区域旅游产业发展战略研究的基本框架,定义、界定,廓清了区域旅游产业发展战略研究的基本体系、概念和范畴,探讨了进行研究的可能范式,认为这一研究对丰富和完善我国旅游经济和区域旅游产业经济研究,推动我国旅游经济健康、稳定和可持续发展将有十分重要的意义和价值。     

中日汽车产业的演进及发展模式

汽车产业具有集中度高、关联性强、技术复杂和产业价值链长等特征。由于汽车产业的发展特殊性,许多国家和地区都将汽车产业作为主导型的支柱产业发展。作为后发国的中国汽车产业,如何借鉴国际发达国家的经验,寻求其成长路径和模式是一个重大的战略问题。日本的汽车产业在战后有了迅速的发展,并且已经成为世界的汽车生产大国和强国,其成长的路径和发展战略模式的选择对中国汽车产业的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

论典型河谷盆地型城市兰州的发展模式

本文从兰州的自然条件、政治、军事、交通、经济贸易、工业化等角度讨论了兰州城市的兴起与发展模式,分析了这个河谷盆地型城市的空间结构模式,阐述了河谷盆地型在城市建设与发展过程中应特别注意的城市环境与土地以及自然灾害等关键性问题。     

福州会展旅游发展条件及战略决策研究

发展会展旅游能为旅游城市带来综合效益。福州具备发展会展旅游的条件,应充分发挥地域优势,注重战略决策的研究,把福州市打造成亚太地区海峡西岸国际会展旅游城市。     

Newlyweds,Young Families,and Spinsters: A Consideration of Developmental Cycle in Historical Archaeologies of Gender

The social relations of class, gender, and ethnicity affected individuals and families in the nineteenth century and shaped (as well as were shaped by) uses of the material world. Changes in demographic composition of the household, successions in land ownership, and other events that altered the developmental course of the family unit, however, were also significant. Variations in the material and spatial expressions of gender ideologies, for example, were more than simply deviations from middle-class cultural norms. They represented the active negotiation of dominant ideologies and the construction of alternate meaningful gender relations and forms of domesticity.     

On the causes of perforations in archaeological domestic cattle skulls: New evidence

An example of ante‐mortem cranial perforations in the skull of a European wisent (Bison bonasus) from Armenia is presented. The implications for reinterpreting the possible causes of this condition in ancient domestic cattle (outlined in a previous paper) are briefly discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Occipital perforations in a late neolithic probable aurochs (Bos primigenius bojanus) cranium from Letchworth,Hertfordshire, UK

An example of ante‐mortem occipital perforations in the cranium of a probable aurochs (Bos primigenius) cow from a late Neolithic archaeological site at Letchworth, Hertfordshire is presented. This is the second reported occurrence thus far of cranial perforations in a wild bovid and lends support to a congenital cause of the condition in archaeological domestic cattle skulls. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pre-Columbian congenital syphilis from the late antiquity in France

Today, exactly 500 years after the discovery of America, there is still a lot of controversy about the history of syphilis in Europe, especially about the Columbian and pre-Columbian hypotheses. This paper presents evidence for the presence of venereal treponematosis in the late Antiquity in France. The case that we examined comes from the necropolis of Costebelle (3rd-5th centuries AD; Hyères, Var, France). Grave no. 1 contained the well-preserved skeleton of a relatively old woman with the skeletal remains of an approximately 7-month-old fetus in her pelvic cavity. The osseous lesions of the fetal remains can be described in four groups: periosteal appositions on the skull vault (frontal and parietal); signs of periostitis on the long bones (bilateral cortical irregularities, predominantly on the left side, which affect first of all tibiae, femora, fibulae, radii and humeri, particularly in the metaphyseal region); some infraperiosteal detachment reminiscent of an infraperiosteal haematoma surrounding the distal extremity of the left forearm and the left hand; and finally, the irregular lesions of the humeral distal and proximal tibial metaphyses reminded us radiologically of Wimberger's signs. The most probable diagnosis of all the lesions mentioned above is that of a precocious congenital syphilis. This case consists of an argument against the epidemiological theories about the migration of Treponema pallidum from the New World back to the Old World starting at the end of the 15th century.     

Stress near the start of life? Localised enamel hypoplasia of the primary canine in late prehistoric mainland Southeast Asia

Localised hypoplasia of the primary canine (LHPC) is characterised by roughly circular defective areas of thinned or missing enamel on the labial surface. This defect is rarely reported in bioarchaeological research. Using samples from late prehistoric mainland Southeast Asia, this paper documents the prevalence of LHPC to produce baseline data for this defect. The samples are from seven archaeological sites in Thailand and collectively span from ca. 4000 to 1500 BP. In the combined samples, 32/79 (40.5%) of individuals and 47/199 (23.6%) of teeth had LHPC. The high occurrence of LHPC may suggest there was poor maternal and infant health. There is also a high occurrence of caries associated with LHPC, which has implications for the assessment of deciduous dental health. This paper stresses the importance of the collection of dental enamel defect data from deciduous teeth including LHPC in bioarchaeological research.