民俗史摭谈

八十年代以来,随着改革开放,思想解放的深入,民俗学学科(或者说民俗学运动)再度兴起,民俗著作如雨后春笋,蔚为壮观。民俗理论中的基础理论、民俗史及应用民俗,都有不同程度的发展。其中尤其是过去甚为薄弱的民俗史,更是异军崛起,引人注意。     

Dorset dwellings in West Greenland

Sammendrag

Etter at begrepet Assebaktegraver ble lansert og de første 26 utgravde graver ble publisert av forfatteren i 1979 (Simonsen 1979) er meget nytt materiale framkommet, både fra Norge, Sverige og Finland. Samtidig er det skapt usik‐kerhet, om dette i virkeligheten er graver eller ildsteder. Jeg har her oppsummert situasjonen i 1997. En del detaljer i anleggene er beskrevet og analysen. Konklusjonen er at anleggene sansynligvis er graver , men kan være utendørs ildsteder, og da formodentlig av rituell karakter. Saken kan ikke sikkert avgjøres, før det ved utgravninger framkommer et knoklemateriale som lar seg bestemme som enten fra dyr eller mennesker. Hvis det er graver, hvilket fortsatt er forfatterens oppfattelse, er de eksempler på den i tid og rom vidt utbredte skikk å bygge gravene som en slags kopier av de levendes boliger. Det er nemlig ikke tvil om at Assebaktegravene er etterlik‐ninger etter hus.     

民俗与身体——美国民俗学的身体研究

20世纪80年代以来,作为对灵肉二元论的反叛,身体成为西方人文社会各学科持久的热点之一。1989年美国民俗学年会上,民俗学家凯瑟琳·扬依照民俗(folklore)的构词法,创造性地提出"身体民俗"(bodylore)一词,着力于探讨有关身体的民俗或知识,特别是身体如何参与构建社会意义。本文主要追溯美国民俗学身体转向的社会与学术思潮背景,勾勒其基本理论视角与研究路径,并指出身体性、身体知识是民俗知识的根本属性之一。     

Sussex Folklore

SING A SONG OF ENGLAND : A SOCIAL HISTORY OF TRADITIONAL SONG. By REGINALD NETTEL. Phoenix House, 1954. Pp. 286, 5 pi. 8 vo. Reviewed by A. G.

FOLKSONGS AND FOLKLORE OF SOUTH UIST. By MARGARET FAY SHAW. London, Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1955. Pp. xiv, 290 + 24 plates + map. 50s. Reviewed by W. B.

PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, VOL. 4. New York, International Universities Press, Inc. 1955. Pp. 295. $6.00. Reviewed by W. B.

FESTSCHRIFT FÜR WILL-ERICH PEUCHERT ZUM 60. GEBURTSTAG. HERAUSGEGEBEN VON HELMUT DÖLKER. Berlin, E. Schmidt, 1955. Pp. ix, 164 + portrait. DM. 19.80. Reviewed by W. B.

NEW MEXICO VILLAGE ARTS. By ROLAND F. DICKEY. Drawings by LLOYD LÓZES GOFF. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. 1949. Pp. xii + 266. $5.00. Reviewed by Beatrice Blackwood.

THE LAND DAVAKS OF SARAWAK. By W. R. GEDDES, M.A. (N.Z.), Ph.D. (Lond.), London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1954. Colonial Research Studies No. 14, Pp. 113, folding maps and tables, 3 pp. of plates. £1 12s. 6d. net. Reviewed by Beatrice Blackwood.     

Folklore Notes

GREEK HERO CULTS AND IDEAS or IMMORTALITY: GIFFORD LECTURES, 1920, by LEWIS RICHARD FARNELL. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. 1921. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

ISLAM IN INDIA, OR THE QāNūN-I-ISLāM : THE CUSTOMS OF THE MUSALMāNS OF INDIA, by JA'FAR SHARīF, translated by G. A. HERKLOTS, M.D.; new edition edited by W. CROOKE. Oxford University Press. 1921. Reviewed by T. C. Hodson.

L'ÉTERNUEMENT ET LE BAILLEMENT DANS LA MAGIE, L'ETHNOGRAPHIE ET LE FOLK-LORE MÉDICAL de P. SAINTYVES. Paris: ÉMILE NOURRY. 1921. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

Tne NATURAL HISTORY OF THE CHILD, by DR. COURTENAY DUNN. London and Edinburgh: Marston &; Co., Ltd. 1919. 7s. 6d. net. Reviewed by C. Jenkinson.     

Balochi Folklore

GREEK FOLK SONGS. Reviewed by W. R. Halliday.

A HISTORY OF MAGIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCE DURING THE FIRST THIRTEEN CENTURIES OF OUR ERA. By LYNN THORNDIKE, Ph.D. London: Macmillan &; Co. 1923. 42s. net. 2 vols. Reviewed by R. R. Marett.

THE GOLDEN BOUGH : A STUDY IN MAGIC AND RELIGION. By Sir J. G. FRAZER. Macmillan &; Co. Ltd. 1923. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

THE BELIEF IN IMMORTALITY AND THE WORSHIP OF THE DEAD : THE BELIEF AMONG THE POLYNESIANS : GIFFORD LECTURES. Vol. ii. The same author and publishers. 1923. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

EARLY CIVILISATION. AN INTRODUCTION TO ANTHROPOLOGY. By ALEXANDER A. GOLDENWEISER. George G. Harrap &; Co. 1922. Pp. xiv+428. Illustrated. Price 15s. Reviewed by W. R. Halliday.

MAGICAL JEWELS OF THE RENAISSANCE MIDDLE AGES AND THE RENAISSANCE, PARTICULARLY IN ENGLAND. By JOAN EVANS, B.Litt. Oxford Clarendon Press. 1922. 264 pp. 8vo. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

THE HEROIC AGE IN INDIA. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

THE LHOTA NAGAS. By J. P. MILLS. London : Macmillan &; Co. 1922. Price 25s. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

ANCIENT MAN IN BRITAIN. By D. A. MACKENZIE. With a Foreword by G. ELLIOT SMITH. Blackie. 1922. Reviewed by W. Crooke.

CHILDREN'S STORIES FROM ROUMANIAN LEGENDS AND FAIRY TALES. By M. GASTER. London : Raphael Tuck &; Sons. 1922.