The Roman Marble Sculptures from the Sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi/ Panias (Israel)

In 2016 Yosef Garfinkel suggested that J.L. Starkey, Director of the Lachish excavations, was murdered in 1938 by men sent by landowners of the mound due to an extended dispute between them and Starkey on payments for permission to dig on the summit of the mound. The present paper presents additional data which support the view that Starkey was murdered by bandits who came from the Hebron area.     

沈阳故宫藏门神赏析

挂门神是中国古代传统的过大年习俗。传说唐太宗经常在睡梦中受到鬼魂的惊扰,就派手下两位大将秦琼和尉迟敬德把守大门,非常有效,于是便将二人的画像贴在门上,后世仿效沿袭,广为流行,称为门神。门神的前身是桃符,又称＂桃板＂。古人认为桃木是五木之精,能克百鬼,故从汉代起即有用桃作辟邪之具的风习,以桃木作桃人、桃印、桃板、桃符等辟邪,     

后石家河文化"抱鱼人偶"与祭山活动

在以邓家湾为代表的遗址中出土了大量后石家河文化时期的陶塑品,其中"抱鱼人偶"因其独特的造型,最为引人注目.过去学界对此多有讨论,本文重新审视了这些材料,认为这些陶人偶应称为抱璋人偶,其表现的是巫师手持牙璋的形象.文献记载玉璋的一个重要功能是祭祀山川,因此"抱鱼人偶"表现的是巫师祭山以致雨的活动场景,这样的祭山求雨活动与后石家河文化时期江汉平原整体干冷的环境背景相符合.邓家湾遗址出土的所有陶塑动物、陶塑人偶即是这一祭祀活动的综合体现.     

Mountain Gods Worshipped by the Tibetans

In Tibetan-inhabited areas, peoplehave long believed that deities liveat the top of high mountains andthere are many legends regardingthem. In the eyes of the Tibetans,these mountain gods have their various spe-cial roles. Older people worship them andmake offerings in the hope of living a longand healthy life, while young men hopethey will become more handsome and girlsmore beautiful; herders pray for the posses-sion of large numbers of cattle and sheepwhile farmers seek bumper harvests.An o…     

华光、王灵官与二郎神

《南游记》中华光形象的塑造,深受明前期王灵官崇拜的影响。而据王灵官的形貌、神性、致祭日期及传播特点等可证,灵官信仰的源头应为川蜀二郎信仰。这一传承脉络,从华光信仰中也能找到印迹。此外文章还就王灵官、华光及二郎神火（雷）神、水神及马神身份的认定作了检讨。     

System of Mountain Gods In Tibet

WORSNIPONMOUNTAINSImaginewhatonewillworshipinanenvironmentisolatedfromtheoutsideworldbyskyscrapingpeaks.Mountains.ofcourse.Indeed,ofthingsworshippedbytheTibetans,mountainsareholy.IntheTibetAutonomousRegions,snow-cappedmountainsarefoundeverywhere.TheyareheldasreincarnationofMountainGods,andtheTibetansdividedtheMountainGodsintogoodorevilones.SomeoftheMountainGodsareinchargeofmildweather.Atthefootofthesemountains,thereliefertilefarmlandwhichspreadfarandwide.Peoplethereliveonhuntingan…     

汉代的鬼神观念与巫者的作用

鬼神问题于先秦典籍中即已触及,延至汉代,鬼神观念大行其道,民间的种种习俗与信仰受其影响极深,因此,关于有神与无神的争论也沸沸扬扬,各种论说迭出不穷。同时,“事鬼神”的巫者亦应运而兴,他们的活动在社会上影响甚巨,这也是汉代特有的一种社会风习。     

浙南门神

浙南人家的大门大都由秦琼和尉迟恭来把守 门神的诸多传说中,流传最广的莫过于秦琼和尉迟恭.2002年的夏天,我们扛着摄像机,刚在瑞安市塘下镇的显应庙前站定,村人们便围上了,问道:拍秦琼尉迟恭吧!我说:我们是拍门神.一位红脸膛的汉子不以为然地撇了撇嘴巴:拍门神不就是拍秦琼尉迟恭?谁不知道!