黑水城所出宋赵德诚家状试释

有“靖康元年□月　日承节郎赵德诚状”等字 ,称之为“状”并无不可 ,但这件文书的归类 ,通过比对《庆元条法事类》所载宋代文书格式 (详下 ) ,可以进一步确定为就是史籍常见的所谓“家状”。这件文书的定名按照敦煌吐鲁番文书整理的习惯 ,应该拟题为《宋靖康元年 (112 6 )保安军德靖寨赵德诚家状》。关于本件的录文和标点 ,有多处值得商榷。1行的“诚” ,从图版看 ,上面缺文至少在四字以上 ,根据《庆元条法事类》所载宋代家状格式 ,首行一般是家状撰者“具官姓名” ,即家状书写人在首行写上自己的官称和姓名。显然 ,1行的“诚”是“赵德诚…     

Obituary: 1899

Work by historians, geographers and others has examined the role of memory and of commemoration in understanding social meaning and identity. Memory has been shown to be an active constituent of the ways in which meaning is invested in space and place. This paper examines the appeal to memory in Donald MacLeod's Gloomy Memories in the Highlands of Scotland, a text written to understand social and geographical change in the nineteenth‐century Scottish Highlands and, in revised form, to counter the alternative views expressed in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Sunny Memories. In discussing MacLeod's use of memory in Highland history and with reference to examples of memory's use in texts and other representations, the paper contributes to debates on how memory ‘works’ in geography and in history.