Residential Solar Space-Heating Potential Across the United States and Southern Canada

Regions having high solar radiation are often considered to have to greatest potential for the use of solar energy in the space heating of buildings. Areas with severe cold climates and high energy demands are usually overlooked, because of the natural assumption that solar energy cannot be effective there, on its own. Yet, such a simple view may reduce the incentive for implementing solar energy technology in regions where its contribution can be very significant.
In this essay I provide a climatological evaluation of the potential for residential solar space heating across the contiguous United States and southern Canada. For analysis, long-term mean climatological data will be used and certain house and solar collection system characteristics will be assumed and held constant for all locations. Note, however, that the performance of an individual solar system at a specific site requires a detailed simulation model (for example, see Klein et al., 1976) and comprehensive analysis of the solar climate (Hay, 1977). The simplified procedure in this study is intended to serve a broad energy planning purpose, by providing an assessment of the geographical regions where residential solar heating should be most encouraged.     

内战后美国南部植棉业中的借贷制度

从内战结束至“罗斯福新政”时期,美国南部棉花种植业中一直存在着一种独特的借贷制度①。这种制度是这个时期南部社会经济结构的一个重要组成部分,对南部社会经济的发展产生了巨大而深远的影响,但在我国的美国史研究中至今尚无人论及。本文专就这一制度的起源、影响和...     

Atlas of the United States

In an attempt to distinguish between regional physical geography and the Soviet school of landscape science, the author defines the study objects of the two disciplines and provides a useful review of the present state of landscape science in the Soviet Union. Physical geography is said to be concerned with study of the entire geographical shell of the earth, ranging from the troposphere to the bottom of the layer of sedimentary rocks in the earth's crust. Landscape science focuses on the so-called landscape sphere, which is defined as the portion of the geographical shell that lies at or near the surface of the earth and is imbued with present-day life. Although some Soviet geographers treat the term “landscape” as a broad conceptual term (similar to climate), most investigators tend to give the term a classificatory or typological connotation, regarding landscape as the basic unit in a classification of natural geocomplexes. One landscape school focuses on the morphological structure of landscape, the other on model-building of the landscape mechanism.     

熊出没的美国自驾游

怀描着这样那样的梦想,飞越太平洋,来到了昼与夜的对面。电影中的大都会,教科书中的车轮上的国家,明信片上的国家公园,一一展现在我们的面前,旅行即将开始。     

The United States and Extraterritoriality

Book reviewed in this article:
Eileen P. Scully, Bargaining with the State From Afar: American Citizenship in Treaty Port China, 1844–1942     

Africa and the United States

Peter J. Schraeder. United States Foreign Policy toward Africa: Incrementalism, Crisis, and Change . New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994.     

Ethnic groups in the United States

Shirley Achor. Mexican Americans in a Dallas Barrio. Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 1978. xii + 202 pp. $12.50 cloth, $6.95 paper.

Thomas Sowell. Ethnic America: A History. New York: Basic Books, 1981. 353 pp. $16.95.

Arnulfo D. Trejo, ed. The Chicanos: As We See Ourselves. Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona Press, 1979. $12.50 cloth, $7.50 paper.     

美国与亚非会议

1955年的亚非会议,是亚非历史上有重大意义的一次会议。用美国自己的档案件,看看它对这一会议以及对中国代表团的态度和反应,也许会启发人们的思索。     

石头记 美国西南地质之旅

在美国,游览以石为主题的国家公园,你会发现那些因缘际会形成的千姿百态的石头,以最原始也最美丽的方式,被人类观赏纪念。拱门礼赞我们的汽车驶入犹他州地界,公路两旁的土地和高高耸立的山岩仿佛披上了赤红色的外衣。虽说早知犹他州高温如炙,但这如烤全羊般的白日焰火仍大大出乎我的意料。拱门国家公园入口处,一块醒目的标牌上书：＂带了足够的水？热可以杀人!＂我下意识地摸了摸背包里沉甸甸的水瓶。沙滑的路面反射着烈焰强光,刺得人只得微睨双眼。昂首阔步的老外们背着水袋背包,时不时扭头小啜微呷。我和同伴笑说待回到加利福尼亚州后,赶上过节大促,