试论莱佛士在爪哇的殖民改革

莱佛士1812—1816年担任英属爪哇岛副总督期间推行了触及爪哇旧有社会的司法、行政、土地及税收等制度的改革,并主张自由贸易和废除奴隶制,为当地农业社会的发展制定了基本框架,是爪哇历史上最重要的社会改革之一。本文①认为,由于主客观因素的限制,莱佛士殖民政府没能始终坚持改革立场,再加上中下层官吏权力的畸形膨胀,导致社会日益失衡,这是其改革未能成功的主要原因。     

Stray Notes on Japanese Folklore.

A WORLD REMEMBERED: TALES AND LORE OF THE POLISH LAND. Collected and compiled by MARION MOORE COLEMAN. Cherry Hill Books, 1965. Price 5 dollars. Reviewed by Violet Mason.

ANNUAL CUSTOMS AND FESTIVALS IN PEKING. By TUN LI-CH'EN. Trans lated and Annotated by DERK BODDE. Hong Kong University Press; Oxford University Press. Pp. 147. 52s. 6d. Reviewed by W. H. Hudspeth.

FOLKLORE BALEAR. Bv ANDRÉS FERRER GINARD. Ed. Cort. 1965. Reviewed by Violet Alford.

INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY OF REGIONAL EUROPEAN ETHNOLOGY AND FOLKLORE. VOL. ii: Folk Literature (Germanic). By LAURITS BØDKER. Published by CIAP with the support of UNESCO. Copenhagen, Rosenkilde &; Bagger, 1965. Pp. 365. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

STRAW PATH. Data on the Spread and the Origin of the Mediterranean Name Type of Via Lactea. By LÁSZLÓ MÁNDOKI. Acta Ethno graphica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, Tomus XIV, Fasciculi 1–2. Budapest, 1965. Pp. 21. Reviewed by Theo Brown.

MYTH. A Symposium. Edited by THOMAS A. SEBECK. Indiana University Press, 1965. Pp. 180. $2–45 (7s 6d). Reviewed by E. O. James.

SOMERSET FOLKLORE, By R. L. TONGUE, edited by K. M. BRIGGS. County Folklore, Vol. VIII. The Folk-lore Society, 1965. Pp. 243. 40s. Reviewed by Faith Sharp.

HEALTH AND HEALING IN RURAL GREECE. By RICHARD AND EVA BLUM, Stanford University Press. 30s. Reviewed by Eric J. Trimmer.

SAGEN UND HIRE DEUTUNG. By MAX LÜTHI, LUTZ RÖHRICH and GEORG FOHRER. Introduction by W. E. Peuckert. Evangelisches Forum. Heft 5. Göttingen, Vandenhoeck &; Ruprecht, 1965. Pp. 80. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

DAS MÄRCHEN. SEIN ORT IN DER GEISTIGEN ENTWICKXUNG, By HEDWIG VON BEIT. Bern, Francke Verlag, 1965. Pp. 373. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

EARLY IRISH POETRY. Edited by JAMES CARNEY. Cork, The Mercier Press, 1965. Pp. 99. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

THE FIRST BOOK OF IRISH MYTHS AND LEGENDS. With introduction by EOIN NEESON. Cork, The Mercier Press, no year. Pp. 126. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

TRADITIONAL COUNTRY CRAFTSMEN. By J. GERAINT JENKINS. London, Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd, 45s. Reviewed by D. N. Kennedy.

THE HOGARTH BOOK OF SCOTTISH NURSERY RHYMES. Collected and edited by NORAH AND WILLIAM MONTGOMERY. London. Hogarth Press, 1964. 15s. Reviewed by W. Bonser.

ENVIRONMENT AND ARCHAEOLOGY. An Introduction to Pleistocene Geography. By KARL W. BUTZER. Methuen, 1965. Pp. 524. 84s. net. Reviewed by E. O. James.

PATTERNS OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR. By S. FORD and FRANK A. BEACH. Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1965. Pp. 330. 30s. net. Reviewed by E. O. James.     

Notes on Treasure Trove.1

Abstract

The rediscovery of an unpublished Survey of Rievaulx Abbey made for the Earl of Rutland, the first lay owner after the Suppression, and a re-evaluation of three other contemporary documents has enabled the writer to reconstruct in general terms the precinct of a major Cistercian abbey at its final stage of development. In particular, it has been possible to identify many of the buildings of the Outer Court which no longer survive and to establish the general layout of the whole precinct, thus placing the surviving ruins in context. From the evidence of the four documents studied, it would seem that a particularly Cistercian form of precinct development can be identified for the first time.     

Notes and Queries on Totemism.

The Tribal System in Wales, being part of an Inquiry into the Structure and Methods of Tribal Society. By Frederic Seebohm, L. L. D., F. S. A. London: Longmans, Green &; Co., 1895 By Laurence Gomme.

Egyptian Tales Translated from the Papyri. Second Series, XVIIIth to XIXth Dynasty. Edited by W. M. Flinders Petrie, Hon. D. C. L., LL. D. London: Methuen &; Co., 1895

Kilns, Mills, Millers, Meal, and Bread. By the Rev. Walter Gregor, M. A., LL. D. London: David Nutt, 1894.

Legends of Florence Collected from the People, and retold by C. G. Leland. First Series. D. Nutt, 1895. By W. H. D. R.     

Two Notes on the Sister's Son and the Duel.

THE IRISH COUNTRYMAN. AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY. By CONRAD M. ARENSBERG. London: Macmillan. 8½ × ½. Pp. xi + 2l6. 10s. 6d. Reviewed by J. H. H.

LIFE IN A HAITIAN VALLEY. By MELVILLE J. HERSKOVITS. Illustrated. Pp. 350 + xi + xix. A.A.Knopf. New York, London. $4.00 net. Reviewed by E. Dora Earthy.

HANDWÖRTERBUCH DES DEUTSCHEN ABERGLAUBENS, Ed. by HANNS BÄCHTOLD-STÄUBLI, Vol. VII, Walter de Gruyter &; Co., Berlin. 1935–1936. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

MOTIF-INDEX OF LITHUANIAN NARRATIVE FOLK-LORE ; by JONAS BALYS ; Folk-Lore Studies, vol. II (Publications of the Lithuanian Folk-Lore Archives); pp. xxxvii and 295 ; Kaunas, 1936 ; price not stated. Reviewed by Kenneth Jackson.

THE FOUNDATIONS OF FAITH AND MORALS. Riddell Memorial Lectures at Armstrong College, Newcastle-upon-Tyne in the University of Durham. By B. MALINOWSKI. Oxford University Press. Humphrey Milford. 2s. 6d. net. Pp. 62. 1936. Reviewed by E. O. James.

THE RENGMA NAGAS. By J. P. MILLS. Published by direction of the Government of Assam. Pp. x + 381 +17 plates. 8½ × ½. (Macmillan, London, 1937.) 25s. Reviewed by J. H. Hutton.     

黄土高原考察琐记

这是一篇考察黄土高原的回忆录。由于一些机缘 ,得遍历黄土高原各处。在考察过程中 ,得以确定若干故城关隘的遗址 ,辩明几条交通大道的通塞 ,从而论证前哲时彦的讹误不实之处。黄土高原早在远古时期即已辉煌昌盛 ,其后历久不坠。可是现在却已残破不堪 ,许多地区沟壑纵横 ,难有平坦之地。这是长期侵蚀有以致之。积疚既明 ,或有助于黄土高原的治理     

Some Notes on the Huculs

Salpassa denotes the blessing of houses, land, and other belongings, carried out during Easter week and Resurrection (Easter) Sunday in the Valencia–Catalonia linguistic region of north-eastern Spain. Although it is now remembered mostly as a consecrating ceremony or a religious rite, recent field research has shown that a playful element, carried out by children through their songs and other activities, was also an important aspect of the traditional Salpassa.     

Notes on the Aborigines of Roebuck Bay,Western Australia.

THE LAU ISLANDS (FIJI), AND THEIR FAIRY TALES AND FOLKLORE. By T. R. ST. JOHNSTON, F.R.G.S., F.Z.S. London : The Times Book Co. Ltd. 1918. Reviewed by W. Crooke.     

Notes from County Correspondents.

In 1503, the canons of Ripon Minster initiated a building campaign to replace the church’s nave. Through a careful study of the documentary evidence, including sources that have not previously been considered, this article investigates how Ripon’s clergy organised and funded the project. It offers a more precise chronology of the works and an assessment of their impact on the use of the church by its parishioners. The article also considers the clergy’s motives for rebuilding, proving that the renovation was not a reaction to the old nave’s deterioration so much as an initiative to create a grander architectural setting for processions and more space for burial within the church.