The Ploughman and the Fairies

THE MYTHOLOGY OF THE BELLA COOLA INDIANS. By FRANZ BOAS. (Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. II. Anthropology, I. The Jesup North Pacific Expedition.) Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

MALAY MAGIC: BEING AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FOLKLORE AND POPULAR RELIGION OF THE MALAY PENINSULA. By WALTER WILLIAM SKEAT. With a Preface by CHARLES OTTO BLAGDEN. Pp. 685, 28 plates. Macmillan and Co. 1900. Reviewed by John Abercromby.

ARADIA, OR THE GOSPEL OF THE WITCHES. By CHARLES G. LELAND. Nutt. 3s. 6d.

BABYLONIANS AND ASSYRIANS. LIFE AND CUSTOMS. By the Rev. A. H. SAYCE. (The Semitic Series.) Nimmo.

A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ANTHROPOLOGY, AND ETHNOLOGY OF EUROPE. By W. L. RIPLEY. Boston (Mass.). 1899

ALLGEMEINE METHODIK DER VOLKSKUNDE. L. SCHERMANN UND F. S. KRAUSS. Berichte ueber Erscheinungen in den Jahren 1890–97. Erlangen : F. Junge. 1899.

NEUE BEITRāGE ZUR KENTNISS DES VOLKRāTHSELS. R. PETSCH. Berlin: Mayer und Müller. 1899. (Palaestra, No. 4.)

FOLKLORE IN ENGLAND UND AMERIKA. C. KLÖPPER. Dresden: C. A. Koch. 1899. (Neusprachlichle Abhandlungen, No. viii.) Reviewed by Alfred Nutt.

SEGNIUS IRRITANT, OR EIGHT PRIMITIVE FOLKLORE STORIES. By W. W. STRICKLAND. Robert Forder. 1896. Reviewed by M. G.

NORTH-WEST SLAV LEGENDS AND FAIRY STORIES. By the same. A sequel to “Segnius Irritant.” Forder. 1897. Reviewed by M. G.

SOUTH-SLAVONIC FOLKLORE STORIES. With an Introductory Preface. By the same. Forder. 1899. Reviewed by M. G.

LA VEILLÉE : DOUZE CONTES TRADUITS DU ROUMAIN. Par JULES BRUN. Avec une Introduction par Mdlle. LUCILLE KITZO. Paris. Reviewed by M. G.

FOLK-LORE CATALAN. LÉGENDES DU ROUSSILLON. Par HORACE CHAUVET. Paris: J. Maisonneuve. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

THE TALKING THRUSH AND OTHER TALES FROM INDIA. Collected by W. CROOKE and retold by W. H. D. ROUSE. Illustrated by W. H. ROBINSON. London : J. M. Dent and Co. 1899. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

SHETLAND FOLK-LORE. By JOHN SPENCE, F.E.I.S. Lerwick: Johnson D. Greig. Reviewed by Florence Peacock.

PEASANT LORE FROM GAELIC IRELAND. Collected by DANIEL DEENEY. David Nutt. 1900.

BLUEBEARD, A CONTRIBUTION TO HISTORY AND FOLKLORE. BEING THE HISTORY OF GILLES DE RETZ OF BRITTANY, FRANCE, WHO WAS EXECUTED AT NANTES IN 1440 A.D., AND WHO WAS THE ORIGINAL OF BLUEBEARD IN THE TALES OF MOTHER GOOSE. By THOMAS WILSON, LL.D. G. P. Putnam's Sons. 1899.     

Billy Beg,Tom Beg,and the Fairies

ARTISTS IN STRING. String Figures : Their Regional Distribution and Social Significance. By KATHLEEN HADDON, (Mrs. O. H. T. RISHBETH). Foreword by Prof. J. L. Myres. Methucn and Co., 1930. 7?″ x 4¾″. Pp. x + 174. With 82 diagrams. 6s. Reviewed by R. M. Dawkins.

HANDWÖRTERBUCH DES DEUTSCHEK ABERGLAUBENS. Herausgegeben unter besonderer Mitwirkung von E. HOFFMANN-KRAYER und Mitarbcit zahlreicher Fachgenossen von HANS BÄCHTOLD-STAUBLI. Band III. Berlin and Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter &; Co., 1930–1. 10?″ x 7″. 1920 columns. 61 Mks. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

RECOLLECTIONS. By ION CREANG?. Trans, by LUCY BYNG. With a pref. by MARCU BEZA. J. M. Dent and Sons, 1930. Pp. 255. 7s. 6d. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

CONTES POPULAIRES D E ROUMANIE. By ION CREANG?. Paris : Maisonneuve frères, 1931. Vol. i. 9½″ x 5½″. Pp. 245. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

KIOWA TALES. By ELSIE CLEWS PARSONS. (Memoirs of the American Folk-Lore Society, vol. xxii). New York: G. E. Stechert &; Co., 1929. 9½″ x 6¼″. Pp. xxii + 152. (V. geneal. charts), n.p. Reviewed by Barbara Aitken.

FOLK ARTS. Reviewed by A. R. Wright.     

The Scouring of the Shire: Fairies,Trolls and Pixies in Eco-Protest Culture

Environmental protest in Britain in the 1990s flourished with the growth of the direct action movement. A distinctive culture of protest emerged, particularly in response to the construction of new roads, with its own radicalised spirituality known as ''eco-paganism.'' One feature of the movement was the adoption of a fairy mythology as a significant belief narrative. This article gives examples of this mythology, showing how it was expressed, and demonstrates that it produced three responses: outright rejection; a symbolic identification with fairies; and/or literal belief. This last position was given credence by occasional phenomenological encounters with otherworldly beings, examples of which are given. The article concludes that, whether literal or symbolic, the belief in fairies helped protesters make sense of their struggles, hardships and occasional successes.     

Filming Fairies: Popular Film,Audience Response and Meaning in Contemporary Fairy Lore

This study examines the idea of fairy lore (faery) as a modern concept with personal and humanistic overtones transmitted through mass media phenomena such as films. Analysis of the relationship between folk and popular culture has become increasingly sophisticated and has widened our appreciation of the ways in which mass-culture audiences use tradition to shape popular culture. Fantasy films draw on recognised traditional elements, but the significance of these elements has been mediated through nineteenth-century interpretations of fairy lore. Contemporary audiences are more likely to be exposed to such legends and beliefs in the context of mass media than by any other means, and visualisation of fairies in fantasy films is closely linked to these modern interpretations of traditional material. For cinema audiences, the idea of faery is no longer a traditional and immediate response to experience, it already carries overtones of nostalgia for the past, childhood innocence, utopian societies or sexual discovery. However, personal response and exegesis of this material, reinforced by repeated viewing, access to Internet sites and related activities such as role-play and merchandising, means that the interactions of these virtual communities can transmute and insert themselves into daily life through a shared appreciation of fantasy worlds. The ways in which these consumers of mass culture resemble or differ from a folk audience presents an interesting arena for understanding folklore as a living contemporary phenomenon.     

Fairies,Fractious Women,and the Old Faith: Fairy Lore in Early Modern British Drama and Culture

TABOU ET TOTÉMISME À MADAGASCAR: ÉTUDE DESCRIPTIVE ET THÉORIQUE. Par ARNOLD VAN GENNEP. Paris: E. Leroux, 1904. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

THE MASAI, THEIR LANGUAGE AND FOLK-LORE. By A. C. HOLLIS, with Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1905, 8vo Pp. xxxii + 364. Price 14s. net. Reviewed by N. W. Thomas.

ENGLISH AND SCOTTISH POPULAR BALLADS. Edited from the Collection of Francis James Child by HELEN CHILD SARGENT and GEORGE LYMAN KITTREDGE. London: D. Nutt 1905. Reviewed by A. Lang.     

Research Article: Getting Shot of Elves: Healing,Witchcraft and Fairies in the Scottish Witchcraft Trials

This paper re-examines the evidence of the Scottish witchcraft trials for beliefs associated by scholars with “elf-shot.” Some supposed evidence for elf-shot is dismissed, but other material illuminates the interplay between illness, healing and fairylore in early modern Scotland, and the relationship of these beliefs to witchcraft itself.     

1547年英国摄政改革初探

摄政制度是君主制国家中的一项重要政治制度,是在国王不能理政时期代行国王权力的一种制度.英国摄政制度经过近500年的发展,最终于1937年以成文法的形式确立.都铎中期是摄政制度的形成时期.亨利八世通过议会立法和遗嘱拟定了爱德华六世时期的摄政形式,但是,依据死去国王的授权来统治国家在现实中是难以推行的.爱德华六世继位以后,遗嘱执行委员会发起了一场摄政改革,以探求摄政的形式和摄政者合法性的来源,并最终制定了单一摄政者的摄政形式.这种摄政形式在爱德华六世时期被认为是合法且可行的,并得到了后世的继承.1547年摄政改革开启了都铎后期的政治制度变革,并成为有限王权体制的重要组成部分.     

The Literature of English Post-Medieval Pottery

Abstract

A modern construction management technique—the Gantt chart—is used to examine how builders organized the erection of four surviving farm buildings for Sir Daniel Fleming of Rydal Hall between 1659 and 1688. His accounts allow detailed bar charts to be drawn to show the number of men employed on each trade and the duration and succession of their work.

As considerable savings could accrue from selling oak bark for tanning, tree felling was delayed until late Spring to ease bark peeling. Thus the use of unseasoned timber was encouraged, for barns had to be weather-tight by harvest time. These dual constraints imposed on builders a need to schedule their work carefully, however informally, if they were to meet their target dates.