图片故事

拍野生动物不是朝九晚五的工作。老虎或大白鲨什么时候出现,不是你能决定的。动物的行为决定了摄影师的作息。为了拍它们,摄影师必须长期置身荒野,久而久之,自己也变得有些野性。一位摄影师就说过：“与大自然的融合无间让我体会到生存的奥妙。我了解到我也是动物,受同样法则支配。今天在这里,我又过了同样的一天。”     

Review Article: Imaginary Early Christianity

AVERIL CAMERON. Christianity and the Rhetoric of Empire: The Development of Christian Discourse. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. Pp. xv, 260. $39.95 (US)

PETER BROWN. Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. Pp. x, 182. $12.95 (US), paper.     

Actualism and the Fascist Historic Imaginary

This essay argues that, just like liberalism and communism, fascist ideology was based on a specific philosophy of history articulated by Giovanni Gentile in the aftermath of World War I. Gentile's actualist notion that history “belongs to the present” articulated an immanent vision of the relationship between historical agency, representation, and consciousness against all transcendental conceptions of history. I define this vision as historic (as opposed to “historical”) because it translated the popular notion of historic eventfulness into the idea of the reciprocal immanence of the historical and the historiographical act. I further show that the actualist philosophy of history was historically resonant with the Italian experience of the Great War and was culturally modernist. I insist, however, that the actualist catastrophe of the histori(ographi)cal act was also genealogically connected to the Latin‐Catholic rhetorical signification of “presence” that had sustained the development of Italian visual culture for centuries. Accordingly, I argue that the fascist translation of actualism into a historic imaginary was at the root of Italian fascism's appeal to both masses and intellectuals. Fascism presented itself as a historic agent that not only “made history,” but also made it present to mass consciousness. In fact, I conclude by suggesting that the fascist success in institutionalizing a proper mode of historic representation in the 1920s, and a full‐blown historic culture in the 1930s, may have also constituted a fundamental laboratory for the formation of posthistoric(al) imaginaries.     

Living with Stories: Telling,Re-Telling,and Remembering

THE FOLKTALE. By Stith Thompson. New York, the Dryden Press; 1946. Pp. x and 510. $6. Reviewed by Kenneth Jackson.

CONTRIBUCIÓN AL ESTUDIO DE LA MKDICINA POPULAR CANARIA. By José Pérez Vidal. Offprint from Tagoro (Anuario del Instituto de Estudios Canarios), 1944, pp. 29–88, La Laguna de Tenerife, 1945. Reviewed by W. L. Hildburgh.     

Constructing Abstract Worlds of the Past

A principal research need in historical geography is the creation of abstract worlds of the past. This study of agricultural settlement patterns in Upper Canada, 1782–1851, assesses the relative rank and sensitivity of land availability, point of entry, land quality, and distance to market in relation to a settler's decision to locate. Settlement patterns for years between 1782 and 1851 are simulated and compared to real world data by means of visual analysis of settlement maps and correlation analysis. For patterns before 1851 the dates of survey are important; by 1851 the effects of this factor are not evident.     

Stories of Tubdain

Ilovephotograhy.Withthehelpofmyoldcompanion,whichisthecameraluse,Iwillwordhardtointroduceheroesontheroofoftheworldtotherestoftheworld."-TubdainHsisanoldfriendofmine.Ofsmallbuildandmediumheight,themiddle-agedLhasanalwaysgreetspeoplewithabroadsmile.AsdirectorofthePhotographyDepartmentoftheTibetBranchofXinhuaNewsAgency,TubdainwasoneoftheTop10Xinhuaphotographers.Onmanyoccasions,hehadbeencitedasamodelworker."Iowemuchtothecentralgovernment,"saysTubdain."Haditnotbeenfortilecentralgovernment,I…