Changing Harvest Dates in Post-medieval Ireland

Abstract

During the last three centuries, agricultural writers and other commentators on Irish life frequently criticised Irish farmers for the late date at which they began to harvest both hay and grain. This paper will outline the reasoning behind these criticisms and the defence given by farmers in return. It will be argued that the rationality of common practice is demonstrated by the willingness of farmers to change the dates of harvest once changes in other practice made this desirable. The physical evidence for change will be described, and the paper will conclude with a discussion of possible implications of this for archaeology.     

Tibetan Headgear in Rites of Passage

The Tibetan people have a long history and a richculture.They are distributed across the Tibet Autono-mous Region,mostly in Qinghai province and a partofSichuan,Gansu and Yunnan.They call themselves“Bod”and“Bodrigs.”Those living in Tibet are called“Bodpa”;those in western Sichuan,“Khampa”;thosein Qinghai,southern Gansu and northwestern Sichuan“Amdowa”;and those in northwestern Sichuan areknown as“Gyarongwa.”This shows that Tibetan cul-ture is widespread with regional differentiation.Theymaintain traditional rites of passage associated with     

锣鼓阵阵庆丰收“大好”声声颂和谐——青海省第七届土族安召纳顿节在民和举行

本刊讯 八月的三川惠风和畅,新麦飘香;八月的三川锣鼓震天,“大好”声声。8月25日至27日,由青海土族研究会主办、民和回族土族自治县承办的青海省第七届土族安召纳顿节在民和回族土族自治县中川乡、官亭镇举行。省人大常委会副主任刘春耀,省政协副主席、青海土族研究会会长鲍义志以及来自西宁、互助、大通、同仁等地的土族代表和当地土族群众约2万人参加了这次盛会。     

Harvest Customs

Motivated by a religiously-based defensive credulity, the accounts of apparitions recorded by Edmund Jones (1702–93) are heavily coloured by his personal religious beliefs. One of the best examples of this is his account of the Pwcca'r Trwyn, which differs widely from other versions of the tale. Through close investigation of Jones's telling, greater insight can be gained into his own folkloristics and the reluctance of later writers to use him as a source.     

为霞尚满天

<正>九九重阳,今又重阳。老年节到了,"老摄影家"们的"摄影节"也就到了!在我们的读者群,有一批老年摄影爱好者以其丰富的阅历、老道的视角、成熟的情感奔波在摄影的旅途上,令我们由衷尊称他们为"老摄影     

The Sugared Almond in Modern Greek Rites of Passage

Recently, correspondents in FLS News have shown a great deal of interest in sugared almonds. In particular, there has been a keen awareness of continental traditions (especially French and Italian) involving the giving of sugared almonds at weddings and baptisms (see: Hazel 1991; Sughrue 1991; Stone 1991; Wood 1991; Simpson 1992; Tatem 1992). Sugared almonds are also important in Greek rites of passage, and many uses are unique to that country.¹ Much of the information in this article comes from the island of Cephallonia, where I came to live in 1986, yet close parallells can be seen in other parts of Greece. Much of the information is also personal—I got engaged and then married in the same year I arrived, I was received into the Orthodox church, and both my children have been baptised in that faith. On each of these occasions, sugared almonds were given. Living and worshipping with the Cephallonians has enabled me to share many of their joys and sorrows, and to see the various ways in which the sugared almonds are used.     

Anglo-Norman Parks in Medieval Ireland

Abstract

Lincoln Cathedral's Angel Choir was built in the second half of the thirteenth century to house the shrine of St Hugh of Lincoln, canonised in 1220. Although he was never a major saint, the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln sought to emulate the settings newly created for more venerable saints by constructing a completely new building to house his shrine. Despite considerable study of the Angel Choir the site of the shrine has not been established, neither has the site of the original burial. This is perhaps the more surprising when it is considered that contemporary documentation survives to describe the events of St Hugh's death and burial. There is sufficient evidence within the cathedral to reconstruct the sites of the original burial and the later shrines and this is supported by documentary evidence, so far overlooked, that is presented here.     

曾子礼学思想初探

曾子的礼学思想,在中国古代礼学思想中有独特重要的地位。他十分重视礼仪中人的内心道德修养的作用,强调以“礼”律己,进行内心道德反省。曾子精研各种礼仪,特别关注一些关键性的特殊礼仪,其着眼点在君臣大义与宗族亲情关系间找到一个融汇点,突出宗子的地位,加强宗族的作用。他将形式上的礼转化为内在的道德情操,在礼学思想上具有积极意义。     

Rites of the living,transformations of the dead

Huntington, Richard, and Peter Metcalf. Celebrations of Death: The Anthropology of Mortuary Ritual. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1979. xv + 230 pp. including maps, photographs, bibliography, and index. $34.50 cloth, $10.95 paper.

Bloch, Maurice, and Jonathan Parry, eds. Death and the Regeneration of Life. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982. x + 236 pp. including notes, bibliography, and index. $29.50 cloth, $8.95 paper.