Burglars and Burglaries in Contemporary Legends

DER SCHÄFER. Landes- und volksundliche Bedeutung eines Berufsstandes in Süddeutschland. By T. HORNBERGER. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1955. Pp. 246; 88 photographs, 7 text illustrations, 3 maps, 4 7 tunes. Reviewed by E. Ettlinger.

SÖHNE DES TÖTENDEN VATERS. Dämonen- und Kopfjägergeschichten aus Neuguinea. By HANS NEVERMANN. Erich Roth-Verlag, Kassel, 1957. Pp. 228; sketch-map. Reviewed by H. J. Rose.

RIOT IN EPHESUS: writings on the Heritage of Greece. By CHARLES SELTMAN. Max Parrish, London, 1958. Pp. 172; frontispiece and map. Cloth, 21s. Reviewed by H. J. Rose.

FOLKLORE AND MYTH IN THE MABINOGION. By W. J. GRUFFYDD. University of Wales Press, 1958. Pp. 30. 2s. Reviewed by Mary Williams.

SCOTTISH STUDIES, No. 1, January 1957: No. 2, June 1957. Reviewed by A. H..     

The Return of the Dead: Revenants in Flemish Traditional and Contemporary Legends

In Flemish modern revenant legends the dead are no longer presented as poor souls who need the help of the living. These legends focus on the living rather than on the dead, and possibly reflect our doubts and fears about death, which is no longer the exclusive territory of the Church.     

中国当代的文化发展和文化体制改革

国史研究与地方志编纂关系密切。国史尤其是当代地方史研究成果值得地方志工作者高度重视。在开展国史研究和地方志编纂以及构建国史和地方志学科体系中,整合两支队伍资源,建立史志学术联盟,加强国史研究与地方志编纂两个领域的学术交流与合作意义重大。本刊从2011年第1期开始,增设地方志与国史研究栏目,并将陆续刊登相关文章,旨在促进地方志与国史研究领域的理论工作者相互关注,彼此借鉴,优势互补。     

文明传播的偏向与当代文明的危机——伊尼斯传播哲学中的历史智慧

伊尼斯认为,文明在确立、生长、扩张与绵延的过程中会不断遭遇传播问题：政治权力与经济利益是否合理流动分配、文化价值是否被大多数社会成员共享共信,是这一文明能否实现内部整合的基础;而在外部扩张上,文明对自然的开发是否超过自然所能忍受并自我修复的限度、文明是否能合理对待其他文明中的社区与人群,更成为文明生死存亡的关键。文明在传播过程中时常出现的“偏向”与失衡,往往致文明以死地。文明传播的悖论在于：文明在物质、技术以及媒介层面的进步,常常打乱了固有的文明传播秩序,尤其是文化信息的骤然增加与分歧杂乱,使原本共享共信的文明价值被怀疑并否弃,最终使文明成为传播的牺牲品。文明由于传播的偏向而堕入战乱、崩溃等非文明的野蛮状态。     

The Highgate Cemetery Vampire Hunt: The Anglo-American Connection in Satanic Cult Lore

The purpose of this paper is the study and analysis of a fairly widespread false idea. I mean to take seriously one of these shreds of lore that are by and large known to everyone, and try to understand the traits that make it seductive and convincing. It seems to me that the main problem set by false ideas is that they are rooted in the collective consciousness.

The false idea chosen as an example asserts that the image of the murderer is retained on a victim's retina after death and can be retrieved through photography. In tribute to Edgar Poe's The Tell-Tale Heart, I have chosen to designate this assertion as “The Tell-Tale Eye.” Our journey through this false idea will lead us towards a legend built around a technical process, that of photography, but also towards the seductiveness of a magical thought, in which it is the victim's own body that accuses the murderer.     

“文化大革命”与当代中国改革模式的选择

中国渐进式改革模式的选择与“文化大革命”有必然联系。“文化大革命”导致的中国经济结构不合理 ,重工业增长很快 ,能源工业呈超速增长 ,这是一种粗放型的增长 ,它为国民经济其他部门的增长留下了巨大的潜力 ;农业在国民经济体系中增长缓慢和人民生活水平的增长十分缓慢 ,使农业的发展和提高人民生活水平的潜力更大 ;整个经济活动中效益下降 ,为以后加强管理 ,提高经济效益留下了余地。总之 ,“文化大革命”把中国经济拖到了崩溃的边缘 ,为原有体制能量的释放留下了巨大的回旋空间 ,这就是中国在改革开放之初走上渐进式改革道路的一个重要的原因。经历了十年动乱的中国人民 ,普遍的心态是要求社会稳定以及中国共产党对“文化大革命”教训的客观总结 ,构成中国走上渐进式改革方式的另外两个重要原因     

城墙的文化意义与当代城墙文化保护

城墙是人类文明发展史上阶段性的产物;城墙文化伴随城墙自始至终,是人类城市文明史的重要组成部分。即便当物质城墙消失以后,城墙文化仍然肩负着解读城市历史的功能。中国的城墙发端于新石器时期,发展于春秋战国,普及于秦汉,颠峰于明代大部分消亡于20世纪。其中有三次筑城高潮。现存的中国地面遗存城墙绝大多数为明清时期建造或修筑。到了近现代,重型火炮等先进军事设备在中国的出现,昭示着冷兵器时代城市防御工事——城墙原始功能上的蜕化与不足。最终导致大量地面城墙的消失。这种消失主要由自然界因素,战乱摧残和人为拆除三种因素造成,最严重和最彻底的是后者。     

Legends of the Caucasus

Irish Texts Society, Vol. X.— The Story of the Crop-Eared Dog. The Story of Eagle-Boy. Two Irish Arthurian Romances. Edited and Translated By R. A. Stewart MacAlister. Nutt, 1908. 8vo., pp. ix + 207. By Jessie Weston.

Royal Irish Academy Todd Lecture Series, Vol. xv. The Instructions of King Cormac Mac Airt. K. Meyer. Dublin, 1909. 8vo, pp. xii+ 64. By Alfred Nutt.

Voluspa: done into English out of the Icelandic of the Elder Edda. By Ananda K. Coomaraswamy. Nutt, 1909. 8vo, pp. 29. By Albany F. Major.

The Zonal-Belt Hypothesis. A New Explanation of the Cause of the Ice Ages. By Joseph T. Wheeler. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1908. 8vo, pp. 401. By M. Gaster.

The Primary Causes of Social Inequality. By Gunnar Landtman, Ph.D. Helsingfors, Finland, 1909. 8vo, pp. 159. By W. Crooke.

Maltesische Volkslieder im Urtext mit Deutscher Übersetzung. Von B. Ilg und H. Stumme. Leipzig, 1909. Pp. 77. By Hans H. Spoer.

Hausa Stories and Riddles, with Notes on the Language etc., and a concise Hausa dictionary. By Hermann G. Harris, B.A. Weston-super-Mare: Mendip Press, 1908. 8vo, pp. xv + iii + 33. By G. Merrick.

The People of the Polar North. A Record by Knud Rasmussen. Compiled from the Danish originals and edited by G. Herring. Kegan Paul, 1908. Royal 8vo, pp. xvii+ 358. Map and 150 ill. By A. R. Wright.

Semitic Magic. Its Origins and Development. By R. Campbell thompson, M.A. Luzac &; Co., 1908. 8vo, pp. lxviii + 386. By M. Gaster.

Transactions and Proceedings of the Japan Society. VII, Part I.—Article on Japanese Household Magic. By W. L. Hildburgh, M.A., Ph.D. Kegan Paul, 1908. By A. C. Haddon.     

史学期刊在当代史学建设发展中的作用和地位--"史学期刊发展研讨会"纪要

为了促成并加快史学范式的转变,培育并确立科学的学术规范,倡导并树立健康的学术风气,2002年4月14-18日,《史学月刊》编辑部在古都开封召开“史学期刊发展研讨会”。来自全国各地的历史学专业期刊及部分有史学专栏的综合性学术期刊《历史研究》、《近代史研究》、《世界历史》、《中共党史研究》、《抗日战争研究》、《中国社会经济史研究》、《史哲》、《史学集刊》、《史学史研究》、《安徽史学》、《光明日报》、《江汉论坛》、《求是学刊》、《人大复印资料中心》等近20家杂志社的代表应邀出席会议,就史学研究的学术规范、当前的学术评价体系、史学期刊在史学发展中的作用、学术期刊间的合作等问题,进行了热烈讨论,并在很大程度上达成了共识。     

The Construction and Use of National Identity in Contemporary New Zealand Political Discourse

New Zealand's Labour-led coalition governments in power from 1999 to 2008 committed themselves to defending and promoting a unique and confident sense of national identity. While Labour officially defined the nation in terms of openness, diversity and tolerance, this article argues that in practice they tended to stress a narrower set of identity markers: those, such as creativity, flexibility and innovation, consistent with its reading of global economic necessity. The article demonstrates how the construction of a supposedly unique and confident New Zealand identity remained strongly structured by global norms. It also shows how an insistence on a shared national vision and a common identity can lend itself to a reductive address of citizens as role-performers and, therefore, to a problematic marginalisation of divergent interests and identities.     

椿树王--树木民俗之一

臭椿,在植物分类上归为无患子目苦木科。树的枝叶形状与“香椿”相似,气味不同,一臭一香,各得其名。在山东、河南、山西等地,多称之为“椿树”、“臭椿”,在不同的地方又有“樗”、“臭樗”、“鼓鼓翅”、“樗