从慈善事业看近代华侨精英与侨乡公共事务——以泉州花桥善举公所为例

结合近代百多年来沿海侨乡社会和慈善组织的历史变迁,以泉州花桥善举公所为例,分析阐述了华侨精英依托侨乡特殊社会文化网络,在地方公共事务发展中的主导作用。     

清末民初城市的"公共休闲"与"公共时间"

城市近代工商业的发展是市民生活城市化、社会化、公共化的自然要求和必然结果,是市民生活公共领域的重要组成部分,也为民间社团、学会活动及公众集会、演说、演出等公共活动提供了条件。这一时期群众性的政治活动和文化活动剧烈频繁的壮观局面,使人们思想交流和互动空前频繁,形成日益趋同的思想变革节奏和价值取向,成为清末民初政治鼎革的社会文化基础。这是近代公民社会公共领域所形成的社会文化效应。     

浅谈公民教育的发展

一、公民教育的概念界定(一)公民概念的梳理公民是一个古老的概念,古希腊思想家亚里士多德曾指出,"公民"这一概念不仅历史渊源较长,而且在不同时期、不同社会条件下,被赋予了不尽相同的含义。公民概念最早产生于古代希腊,古希腊的"公民"(polites)一词来源于"城邦"(polis),原意是"属于城邦的人"。公民是"参加司法实务和职权机构的人",是城邦中的少数。拥有参政权,对国家、社会的形成承担公共作用和责任,这一现代意义上的公民概念形成于15世纪前后。现代意义上的公民概念,已完全超越了其最初的内涵,现在意义上的公民是指:具有一国国籍,并根据该国法律规定享有从事管理社会和国家等公共事务的权利和承担义务的人。(二)现代公民教育的概念界定由于研究者观察、思考问题的角度不同,界定的公民教育     

国际化与地方化：近代闽南侨乡的社会文化变迁

近代中国侨乡的社会文化变迁,深受海外移民的制约和影响。已有的研究成果表明,海外移民在推进侨乡现代化的过程中,强化了原有的乡土社会文化传统。本文通过考察闽南华侨的跨国生存状态、侨乡社会权势的转移及侨乡社会文化的传承,探讨近代闽南侨乡的国际化与地方化进程。所谓国际化,是指闽南侨乡的社会经济中心不断外移,海外华侨成为闽南侨乡的地方精英,海外世界与闽南侨乡的联系日益密切。所谓地方化,是指闽南侨乡的政治权力中心不断下移,侨乡建设与地方公共事务受到了空前的重视,本地社会文化传统得到了更新和延续。深入研究这一历史过程,对于探讨全球化时代地方传统的发展前景,无疑具有理论意义和学术价值。     

上海城市生态的近代转型——以晚清上海道路为中心

道路是城市生态空间的一部分,兼具自然和人文空间的生态功能。近代上海开埠后,新型道路的修筑引发了城市公共空间生态环境的转变。本文通过选取近代上海道路交通发展的一个阶段,力图展现在上海近现代城市道路的出现与发展过程中,与城市道路相关的人文生态环境的变化,以及因这种变化导致的近代市民城市文明的形成,进而达到揭示城市道路与城市社会生态之间关系的目的。     

长株潭城市群公民有序参与环境管理机制探索

公民有序参与环境事务管理既有利于维护社会稳定,又有利于公民实现管理公共事务的权利。长株潭城市群在公民参与环境管理的过程中,逐渐形成了自己的地域特点,但依然存在着公民参与的意识不高、公民参与过分依赖政府、非政府环保组织参与的影响力非常有限等问题。为此,长株潭城市群在建设两型社会中,要进一步完善公民有序参与环境管理的政治机制、法律机制和社会机制,以实现政府和公民之间理性互动,使环境管理具有可持续性和全民性。     

中国学者关于近代中国市民社会问题的研究:现状与思考

中国学者关于近代中国市民社会问题的研究：现状与思考张志东近代中国市民社会问题是近年来中外中国史学界关注的热点。以罗威廉等人为代表的部分西方学者运用“市民社会”或“公共领域”的概念和方法,对近代中国某个城市或地区作个案研究,取得了一批研究成果,但也惹来...     

戏剧公演与雅典城邦政治

以古典政治文化理念的视角来考察希腊公民集体社会生活,城邦戏剧公演活动实际上是城邦民主政治实践的一种重要形式。雅典酒神节戏剧公演活动中诸参与者之种种表现,与他们在城邦公共领域中作为政治行为主体所各自扮演的角色是一致的。戏剧公演,反映出古典时代雅典城邦与社会、大众与精英、男性与女性、公民与奴隶等特定社会关系的丰富性,无异于是对雅典政治真实面貌的生动展现。     

晚清广州的社团及其近代变迁

晚清广州的社团及其近代变迁贺跃夫近年来,晚清都市中的社会团体及其在近代社会变迁中的作用,日益受到学术界的关注。中国大陆研究晚清资本主义及资产阶级产生的学者,多将城市绅商社团视为中国早期资产阶级在政治上成长发展的标志①;而西方以“公民社会”理论来探讨中...     

西安城市排水生态系统的近代转型——以民国西安下水道为中心

下水道排水系统作为城市生态空间的一部分,是城市公共空间在地下的延伸,具有自然和人文双重生态空间意义。民国中后期,近代西安下水道排水系统的修建,引发了城市生态环境的转变。本文通过对民国西安下水道排水系统建设与发展的分析,力求探索在这一过程中与下水道相关的人文生态环境的变化,以及因这种变化而产生的城市近代转型,从而实现探讨西安下水道排水系统与城市社会生态之间关系的目的。     

Understanding the Field of Public Affairs through the Lens of Ranked Ph.D. Programs in the United States

The goal of this article is to understand the multidisciplinary field of public affairs. Based on data and text mining on the profiles and publications of all faculty members from a list of research‐oriented U.S. public affairs programs, we describe the landscape of public affairs schools and scholars, identify 15 topics in public affairs research and discuss their trends of change between 1986 and 2015, and show the clustering and hiring networks of public affairs schools. Our results suggest a broader approach to understanding the field of public affairs than the public administration focus in the literature. Although public administration is highly visible in the field, which is evidenced by the journals most favored by public affair scholars, various specific policy areas (such as health, social, urban, environmental, global, and education policies) show strong representations based on our topical analysis of public affairs research.     

For a ‘normal government’ of the colony: Antonio Gandolfi and the first administration of Eritrea (1890–1892)

The colony of Eritrea was officially born in 1890, after a period marked by scandals in which the government of the Italian territories of the Horn of Africa revealed themselves to be weak and contradictory. After the brief rule of Baldassarre Orero, Antonio Gandolfi became the first colonial governor of Eritrea. Gandolfi was highly dissatisfied with the men who administered the colony, especially as they ignored the native societies and sought to reform the government apparatus. In particular, he wanted to promote the participation of indigenous notables in the colonial government, as he felt it was necessary to share responsibility with the local population, ‘to make them responsible for the good conduct of public affairs’. The period of his administration was marked by ongoing controversies with other personalities operating in Eritrea, in particular with the deputy Leopoldo Franchetti, responsible for the colonization, and with General Oreste Baratieri, commander of the Keren zone, whom Gandolfi criticized for his hard military methods. Gandolfi was soon forced to resign and his successor Baratieri set up a real military dictatorship.     

A Collision of Masculinities: Men,Modernity and Urban Transportation in American-Colonial Manila

Abstract:

Early twentieth-century Manila saw the motorisation of its urban transport system. This was a significant transformation not only because of the technological changes it brought about but more importantly because of its role in shaping the highly gendered discourse of colonial modernity. Motorised vehicles, like the streetcar and the automobile, were trumpeted as masculine and modern machines by America’s civilising mission. This colonial discourse was continuously shaped and subverted by a collision of masculinities coming from different directions. This essay will focus on four different male groups in an effort to understand how transport motorisation influenced their sense of masculinity. White American colonisers imagined themselves as modern men destined to bring civilisation to the colony through technology. The native elites used the coloniser as their model by appropriating the symbols of masculine modernity. While the male workers of the modern transport sector gained knowledge of and access to the domains of those in power, those in the traditional sector became targets of vilification by the native and colonial elites. Instead of a duel between two sets of masculinity (coloniser vs. colonised) what emerged was a complex set of relationships influenced by the socioeconomic differences that separated these four groups.     

借款可以救国?——郑孝胥铁路外债观述评

内政与外交、外交与外债联为一体,互联互动,是近代中国的时代特征。外债的这种特征,使策略性、功利性运用民族主义成为可能。借债救国论源于东北铁路外债交涉,其最初是指厚集洋债,实现均势。在清末宪政运动中,它又延伸到内政方面,成为国会请愿运动的舆论推动力量,并构成了干线国有政策的促动因素。郑孝胥在其间发挥了独特作用。近代铁路外债观的功能异化、内涵的多质化及其政治化倾向在其身上达到了极致。他的经历与思想充分展现了近代中国在利用外资与维持民族利益之间的两难选择,也显示了立宪派的政治性格。     

Contested Sources of Authority: Re‐claiming State Sovereignty by Formalizing Traditional Authority in Mozambique

In Mozambique, the current legal framework institutionalizes a rural–urban differentiation of local governance, allowing for elected representation in thirty‐three urban settings and the recognition of ‘community authorities’ in rural areas. This article deals with the latter by exploring the implementation of Decree 15/2000, which is the first legislation in post‐colonial Mozambique to formalize ‘traditional authority’. Views of traditional authority as either a ‘genuine’ African form of authority legitimized by traditional beliefs and practices, or as a form of power ‘corrupted’ by colonial rule, are inadequate for understanding the current situation. In formerly war‐torn Sussundenga District, kin‐based authorities drew on elements from ‘traditional’ and ‘state‐administrative’ domains of authority in order to be recognized. Varied definitions of tradition came to justify leadership, but the content on which legitimization was based defies any generalized Weberian dichotomy between traditional and modern/state types of office. Different sources of legitimacy sometimes foregrounded administrative needs and at other times maintained what became defined as traditional.     

试论城市规划的政策化趋势

城市规划的改革与发展是一个倍受我国城市规划界关注的问题。除了传统的城市空间组织功能外,近年来城市规划的利益调控功能受到了研究者的广泛关注。通过对传统城市规划理论与实践的反思,城市规划的公共政策属性得到了更多的认可,城市规划的政策化趋势更为明显。本文在比较"以空间组织为中心"和"以利益协调为中心"两种规划视角的基础上,分析了城市规划的政策化发展趋势,阐述了城市规划中的政策输入与输出过程,并针对我国规划研究中的不足,提出了相应的对策。     

中国近代民族主义的兴起与抵制美货运动

抵制美货运动展示了与传统排外主义迥然不同的对外方式和理念 ,包括人民主权思想和全民国家观念的兴起、新式社团和报刊等现代传媒的运用、民众政治参与意识的成长和现代舆论的崛起 ,以及文明理性的对外精神 ,因而是中国近代史上最早以近代民族主义为动员方式反抗西方列强的运动之一     

‘For Purposes of Political Camouflage’: Intelligence Gathering in Colonial Burma, 1933–35

Histories of colonial rule in Burma have noted the difficulties the British government had in ruling the population of that country and the state's reliance on the colonial army to suppress uprisings. However, the role of intelligence in sustaining colonial rule has been neglected in the historiography of Burma. This article discusses the efforts by the colonial state in Burma during the years 1933–35 to develop an intelligence-gathering bureau that reported on the affairs of the indigenous population with a view to preventing the outbreak of anti-government disorder. It illustrates the reliance of the colonial government on information gathered from indigenous informers in order to rule the country and the limitations of over-reliance on that intelligence.     

西班牙佛朗哥政府与美古间的秘密接触(1963-1967)

美国与革命后的古巴是意识形态严重对立的一对邻国。自1961年1月断交起,两国政府经常在公开场合表达对对方的敌意。但是,在双方敌意的背后却存在着美古间的秘密接触,特别是在古巴导弹危机爆发后的5年间。在此期间,真正获得美古两国政府信任、促成双方对话的是西班牙佛朗哥政府。西班牙与美古间长期维持的特殊关系,西班牙外交官高超的外交技巧,西班牙在经济腾飞后想要恢复帝国荣光的强烈心愿,是西班牙成功地充当美古中间人的重要原因。这一案例体现出前宗主国在前殖民地国家对外交往中所扮演的特殊角色。