Yeats,Wittgenstein and the ladder of linguistic inversion

This paper will consider the philosophy of language by Ludwig Wittgenstein in relation to the later modernist poetry of W. B. Yeats in Last Poems (1939). Accordingly, Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922) and Philosophical Investigations (1953) are used to understand the limits of language in conveying the facts of existence and the necessity for the inversion of previously held truths to navigate the altering nature of reality through time. W. B. Yeats’s final volume of poetry, Last Poems (1939), is shown to parallel the philosophical ideas of Wittgenstein, thus demonstrating the subversive nature of Yeats’s last written poetry as an interrogation of his own constructed truths of the past. Both philosopher and poet are shown to coalesce in the deconstruction of linguistic representations of the world through the “form of life” that is the game of language in order to question limiting worldviews.     

从松尾芭蕉的俳句到庞德意象诗歌的生命意识

松尾芭蕉的俳句,体现了日本民族一种熔融的自然观,同时也表现了一种东方式的生命意识。庞德的意象诗,继承了19世纪象征主义的“感应论”,寻求与万物生命的对话;同时与20世纪象征诗人的“客观对应物”也有共同之处,都努力使生命的本真呈现出来。但是,庞德意象诗的主要灵感来自于东方的生命意识。中国诗歌的生命融合观,日本俳句的生命瞬间呈现的意识,使庞德最大限度地走出西方理性主义观念,捕捉生命瞬间本真的呈现。     

Eric W. Pasold,O.B.E.

Abstract

This article examines the clothing of the rural poor in seventeenth-century Sussex, considering what men and women wore, what their clothing was made of and where they got it from, drawing on a broad range of documentary sources including legal depositions, probate material and overseers’ accounts. As would be expected, the clothing of this social group was primarily functional, reflecting limited budgets and arduous working lives. But we can see in the choice of fabric colour, trimmings and accessories that men and women were concerned about their appearance and could achieve a measure of social display, at least in their ‘holiday’ clothes. The ways in which the poor acquired their clothes were complex, involving them in overlapping spheres of production and distribution, which included home production and shop-bought ready-to-wear, all accommodated within a range of economic survival strategies.     

Building an Historical Landscape,Commemorating W. E. B. Du Bois

The history of the W.E.B. Du Bois Homesite in Great Barrington Massachusetts is traced from the present to its earliest inhabitation after the arrival of Europeans and African captives. Social processes of class and race operating at different time scales have constrained the ways the members of Du Bois’s maternal relatives, and more recently private foundations and the public institution of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, have made use of the property. The Homesite figures in Du Bois’s memories of his childhood and was a source of pride during his 26 years of ownership. Telling its story backwards provides insights into how larger social and ideological forces affected individual actions, observations that provide guidance for future commemoration efforts at this National Historic Landmark site honoring the accomplishments of W.E.B. Du Bois.     

斯洛伐克，不只是芬芳

在美丽小国斯洛伐克春末夏初的季节只停留了三天半,离开时发现竟然有些舍不得。上了车,放好行李,在车子发动之前闭上眼睛,努力呼吸,为的是让这个国家特有的气息能够在记忆里多多停留,哪怕只是一小会儿。于是,温泉啊、湖泊啊,草木啊,泥土啊……,那些浸润着自然之气的种种味道,夹杂着繁芜的颜色都一起进来了,只觉得养眼养心,唇齿生芳,但又不只是芬芳。