"Adapt,adjust, accommodate": The production of yoga in a transnational World

The Divine Life Society (DLS) is a spiritual organization founded by Swami Sivananda of Rishikesh, India. Sivananda's DLS, including associated centers across India and abroad, has figured prominently in expanding the role of yoga as a tool for the development of modern India. In this paper, Sivananda's own poetry and the many pamphlets and books produced by this noted swami, his contemporaries, and his successors through the 20th century in India serve to highlight ways that the promotion and practice of yoga has contributed to the ongoing Indian nationalist project. In addition, yoga is viewed from the perspective of the transnational and global forces that have become dominant in the latter half of the 20th century.     

清代画家边寿民及其《芦雁图》

边寿民是清代一位以芦雁自命、以画雁名世的杰出画家,为"扬州八怪"之一.本文通过对西岳庙文管所藏边氏之<芦雁图>的赏析,指出边寿民的艺术创作手法、成就和影响.作品展现出了边氏极高的艺术魅力和思想境界.     

The construction of a "population problem" in colonial India, 1919-1947

This article examines the construction of a "population problem" among public health officials in India during the inter-war period. British colonial officials came to focus on India's population through their concern with high Indian infant and maternal mortality rates. They raised the problem of population as one way in which to highlight the importance of dealing with public health at an all-India basis, in a context of constitutional devolution of power to Indians where they feared such matters would be relegated to relative local unimportance. While they failed to significantly shape government policy, their arguments in support of India's 'population problem' nevertheless found a receptive audience in the colonial public sphere among Indian intellectuals, economists, eugenicists, women social reformers and birth controllers. The article contributes to the history of population control by situating its pre-history in British colonial public health and development policy and outside the logic of USA's Cold War strategic planning for Asia.     

"小人物"发现"大文化"--良渚文化发现者施昕更评传

良渚文化是长江下游一支重要的史前文化。该文化因浙江余杭良渚遗址而得名。1936年,原西湖博物馆的施昕更主持发掘了良渚遗址,开长江下游地区的田野考古发掘工作之先河。他撰写的《良渚》一书,是良渚文化研究的奠基之作,被认为是中国考古学史上具有代表性的考古报告之一。施昕更自强不息、锲而不舍的开拓业绩和治学精神,将载入史册。     

蒋介石从"三二○"到"四一二"的心路历程(续)

蒋介石对工农运动的态度,无疑是导致他与共产党关系恶化的一个重要原因。而值得注意的是,在北伐开始后的一段时间里,广东的工人运动,特别是农民运动虽然出现了回潮的现象,但北伐军北上所过之境,包括蒋介石指挥的部队所过之江西、福建等省,工农运动仍旧取得了相当的发展。这种情况至少说明,蒋介石对工农运动的态度其实颇为矛盾。     

蒋介石从"三二0"到"四一二"的心路历程

蒋介石从“三二0”走向“四一二”,从尝试“限共”最终走向公开反共,经历了一个相当复杂的并且是充满了矛盾心理的转变过程。其实,蒋介石并没有像以往一些著作所说的那样,从“三二0”之后开始,就处心积虑地准备清党反共。相反,走向“四一二”最初并不在他的设想之中。其对容共政策的态度转变,固然带有某种程度的必然性,但也带有相当程度的偶然性。深入考察蒋在这一过程中心态与环境矛盾冲突的复杂情况,对全面了解国共两党历史恩怨的形成或能有所帮助。     

寻找一条"照片上的公路"--二战史上著名的"24拐"在哪里

编者按: 春节后,接到戈叔亚的电话,他几乎是叫喊着告诉我:他在贵州找到了"24拐"!我把他的问题随便问了几个不同行业的人(非学者):"24拐"在哪里?他们几乎是异口同声地说:在怒江吧?或者是在澜沧江.许许多多的人,尤其是云南人对这条公路,大都是从书籍、杂志和报纸上得知的.50多年来,我们都没有亲眼见到这条路,但都相信了专家和媒体的"专业见解".实际上,不只是战后出生的人,甚至战争的当事者,也不全知道.于是,大家都错了.戈叔亚自嘲自己一开始就找错了方向.     

按图索鸟

<正>置身于摩肩接踵的车海人潮、鳞次栉比的高楼大厦中,我独辟蹊径,四处寻觅着香港清幽。翻开湾仔区酒店大堂备有的香港游览地图,无意间发现距离酒店不远处便有一座香港公园,于是带上我最喜爱的相机,踏入那片郁郁葱葱的"小树林"。     

黄思汉：《上周琐事记》

侵华日军南京大屠杀是一个不容篡改的血的事实。本次公布的史料系一篇当时人的日记,记载了日军占领南京前后在城乡所犯下的种种暴行。原件无时间,据日记中记载推算应为1938年。对于研究日军侵华暴行及反击日本右翼势力否定南京大屠杀的谬论,此日记无疑又是一个新的铁证。     

“真正道德家，才是真正共产党”——老一代共产党人与传统道德

老一代共产党人在青少年时代就接受了中华民族的传统美德．具备了善良,正直,富有正义感和责任心等品质。他们对传统道德不是一概否定,也不是全盘接受,而是在共产主义世界观指导下,批判地继承,去其糟粕．取其精华．以仁爱之心献身于人民革命事业。建国以后,他们继续坚持人民利益第一的原则,慎重地使用手中的权力,生活俭朴．不贪图享受,不谋私利,表现出高尚的道德情操。美德不会老．他们的美德将永存于后世。     

The military, psychiatry, and "unfit" soldiers, 1939-1942

This article examines the psychiatric screening of U.S. soldiers during the Second World War, established by psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan (1892-1949), as a key moment in the public application of clinical psychiatry, as well as a turning point in Sullivan's intellectual and professional career. After a brief look at the ideas and expectations Sullivan brought to the screening system, I discuss a major problem of the screening: the mismatch between the medical concept of disease prevention and the realities of the mass screening as a public policy. As a way to highlight this mismatch, I focus on Sullivan's failure to protect homosexual men from medical and social stigmatization by screening them out of the armed forces. Despite his liberal approach to the issue of homosexuality before the war, which he had created in his clinical practice, Sullivan was unable to persuade the military and the public of gay men's right to serve the nation. The examination of how his sympathetic view of homosexuality became circumscribed reveals not only the gap between clinical insights and public policy, but also how tentative views of homosexuality in public debate among liberal psychiatrists during the decade preceding the war contributed to the failure to make non-homophobic policy in the 1940s. This article shows that the relative conservatism in the politics of sexuality among liberal psychiatrists, as well as the intransigent conservatism as seen in homophobic tradition of the Army, contributed to the discriminatory screening criteria.     

Visa requirements,carrier sanctions, "safe third countries" and "readmission": the development of an asylum "buffer zone" in Europe

"This paper explores the development of a so-called asylum 'buffer zone' around the eastern frontiers of the west European region as a result of the Schengen, EU and EFTA member states' introduction of more restrictive asylum policies during the first half of the 1990s. Restrictive policies in western Europe are forcing central and east European states into a 'buffer role', obliging them to absorb asylum-seekers who fail to gain entry into western Europe and/or restrict asylum-seekers' access to the borders of potential 'receiving' states. In addition to examining the mechanisms by which this 'buffer zone' is developing and questioning what it might mean for future asylum trends and policies in Europe, the paper considers the wider questions raised by this development in relation to the changing geopolitical landscape of Europe, particularly in relation to the changing political and security relations between western, central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union."