Marriage Customs in Jiarong

ＭａｒｒｉａｇｅＣｕｓｔｏｍｓｉｎＪｉａｒｏｎｇ￥ｂｙＤｏｒｊｅＦｏｒＴｉｂｅｔａｎｓｉｎｔｈｅＪｉａｒｏｎｇａｒｅａ,ｍａｒｎａｇｅｐｒｏｃｅｅｄｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｆｏｕｒｓｔｅｐｓ：ｍａｔｃｈｍａｋｉｎｇ,ｅｎｇａｇｅｍｅｎｔｗｅｄｄｉｎｇａｎｄｄ...     

Ancient Watchtowers In Jiarong

ＡｎｃｉｅｎｔＷａｔｃｈｔｏｗｅｒｓＩｎＪｉａｒｏｎｇ￥ｂｙＬｈａｒＷｕｊｉａＭｏｓｔｏｆｔｈｅｗａｔｃｈｔｏｗｅｒｓｒｉｓｅｆｒｏｍｅｉｇｈｔｔｏｔｅｎｏｒｍｏｒｅｓｔｏｒｅｙｓｉｎｈｅｉｇｈｔ．Ｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓａｒｅｆｏｕｎｄｉｎｖａｒ...     

论唐代的讲经仪轨

唐代的讲经仪轨,历来由于资料献的限制,使我们难以了解其真实面目。由于敦煌书的整理,发现了大量的讲经及俗讲仪式,从而使我们能够还原讲经法会的仪式程序。本利用圆仁的记载及敦煌书,讨论了唐代讲经法会的主要成员及其仪轨次第,尤其对“都讲”进行了溯源性的考察。提出佛教的“都讲”并非来自儒家的都讲制度,只是在翻译时借用这个名词而已。我们重新恢复了当时法会的真实面目,并且构建了当时法会的一些通用仪轨,对于进一步研究唐代的法会仪轨,提供了背景知识。     

敦煌护宅文献中符篆问题小考

本文主要对敦煌护宅文献中的一些符篆进行了分析.首先,从符策的散形出发,对文书中的管公明神符进行了重新确认.接着,分析了几个门符,并且结合贴在门上的一些祛病符进行研究,认为在敦煌符策文化中,治病的关键在于驱鬼,这些驱鬼治病符的共同点是直书鬼名或画鬼形于符上,鬼见之即去,但是在敦煌文书符策中还有一个很重要的特别之处是都以大量的"口"字排列在一起驱鬼,经过分析认为,大概是给被驱逐的凫指定离开的路径从而达到有效驱除.     

Fossils,Hunters, and Controversies: Exploring Primate Evolution

The study of primate evolution opens a fascinating window onto the varied adaptations, behaviors, and origins of our closest relatives and therefore ourselves. Four books reviewed give different perspectives on the primate fossil record and cover diverse time periods, from the Eocene to the Pleistocene. Four major themes are explored in this article: defining “primatehood” and classifying primates, comparative approaches, reconstructing behavior and ecology, and the importance of non-fossil data. Together, the books show that the study of ancient and modern primates is rooted firmly in anthropology, sharing with other sub-disciplines fundamental aims like classification and relying on a comparative approach.     

Creating Prehistory: Druids,Ley Hunters and Archaeologists in Pre-War Britain

ALTERSKLASSEN UND MÄNNERBÜNDE, EINE DARSTELLUNG DER GRUNDFORMEN DER GESELLSCHAFT, von HEINRICH SCHURTZ. Berlin: G. Reimer. 1902. Pp. ix., 458. Price 8 M. Reviewed by N. W. Thomas.

DIE VOLKSKUNDE IN DEN JAHREN 1897–1902. BERICHTE UEBER NEUERSCHEINUNGEN. Von Dr. F. S. KRAUSS. Erlangen: F. Junge. 1903. Reviewed by Alfred Nutt.

DIE VOLKSKUNDE ALS WISSENSCHAFT. Von E. HOFFMANN-KRAYER. Zurich. 1902. Reviewed by Alfred Nutt.

THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF OLD AND NEW WORLD CIVILISATIONS. A Comparative Research based on a Study of the Ancient Mexican Religious, Sociological, and Calendrical Systems. By Mrs. ZELIA NUTTALL. Cambridge, Mass. Peabody Museum. 1901. Reviewed by M. Gaster.

GUERNSEY FOLK LORE. From MSS, by the late Sir EDGAR MACCULLOCH, Bailiff of Guernsey. Edited by EDITH F. CAREY. London: Elliot Stock. Guernsey: F. Clarke, States Arcade. Large 8vo 616 pp., numerous illustrations. 1903. Price 12s. 6d. Reviewed by Charlotte S. Burne.

ROMANTIC TALES FROM THE PANJÂB: WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY NATIVE HANDS. Collected and edited from original sources by the REV. CHARLES SWYNNERTON, F.S.A. Constable. 21s. net. Reviewed by W. H. D. Rouse.

CONTES POPULAIRES D'AFRIQUE, PAR RENÉ BASSET. Paris. E. GUILMOTO. 1903. Reviewed by A. Werner.

LES PASTORALES BASQUES. Notice, Catalogue des Manuscrits et Questionnaire. Par G. HÉRELLE. Bayonne, 1903, in 80 de p. 86. 1. VENDETTA, RACCONTO CAMPAGNNOLO SICILIANO. By G. CRIMI LO GIUDICE. Aci Reale, Tipografia Umberto I., 1903, 30 pp. 2. MAGHERIA, o AMORE PER FORZA. Scene Popolari Siciliane in 2 alti. Idem. 48 pp Reviewed by J. B. Andrews.     

敖鲁古雅鄂温克猎民生态移民后的状况调查--边缘少数族群的发展道路探索

2003年8月10日,内蒙古根河市敖鲁古雅鄂温克民族乡（简称敖乡）举行了声势浩大的“生态移民”搬迁,将原居住在根河市北端满归镇附近的中国最后一个狩猎部落搬迁到了根河市区西郊5公里处。     

咏乡土风貌 歌沧桑变迁——《七彩黑林河》序

"上四堡"是青海省大通回族土族自治县西南隅的一处地名。从这名字,便可诱发人们许多联想,大通自古便是军事要冲,翻阅史籍,在漫漫历史长河里,这片土地上,金戈铁马,烽火连天,战车驰骋,你来我往,     

Hunters and gatherers past and present: Perspectives on diversity,teaching, and information transmission

This article reviews four books on hunters and gatherers. It begins with a discussion of the debates over the concept of hunter-gatherers. Theoretical approaches to hunter-gather studies are examined briefly. The view then assesses the four books and the various subjects which they address. These subjects include the issue of ethnographic analogy, diversity, evolution, and archaeological perspectives as well as understanding contemporary hunter-gatherer societies. Additional topics include land use, the assignment of meaning to landscapes, way finding, territoriality, boundary-marking, and networks. Social learning, teaching, and information dissemination are discussed, with emphasis on some of the things that are learned, such as sharing, fair treatment of others, the importance of compassion, and moral values. Hunter-gatherer studies have evolved to the point where both archaeologists and anthropologists are taking into careful consideration the need to consider both past and present in their investigations and to focus also on the non-hunter-gatherer societies with whom they are interacting. As people who defined themselves as indigenous, hunter-gatherers are well aware of the social, economic, environmental and political challenges that they are facing, and they are seeking to address these challenges along with support organizations and researchers in an attempt to ensure their long-term security and well-being.     

Elk Heads at Sea: Maritime Hunters and Long‐Distance Boat Journeys in Late Stone Age Fennoscandia

Tumlehed is the most well‐preserved and complex prehistoric rock painting in the coastal region of south‐west Sweden. Originally reported and described in 1974, we re‐documented the panel using digital and IR photography, DStretch image enhancement software, and non‐destructive PXRF spectroscopy. This re‐documentation revealed a more complex image inventory with several previously unknown motifs and image details. The new data provide a better basis for identifying motif categories, the organization of the panel, the chronological sequence, and different frequentation periods. We report on the only known boats with an elk‐head stem in southern and western Scandinavian rock art, the emergence of rock art boat depictions in the region, and evidence for long‐distance maritime journeys and sea‐mammal hunting in the later Stone Age. Comparisons to similar images with shoreline data in Fennoscandia narrow the time range for the date of the painting to 4200–2500 BC.     

Hunters of forests and waters: Late Iron Age and Medieval subsistence and social processes in coastal northern Sweden

During the course of the 14th century the Swedish Crown and the Catholic Church made robust attempts to include the areas beside the Bothnian bay within their central fiscal and clerical organization. Salmon fishing in the productive river rapids became major targets for external commercial interests. Written records inform us about the situation from the perspective of the exploiters. However, there is a story running in parallel – that of the local population already occupying the lands and the fishing grounds. The study aims to analyse the significance of hunting and fishing to the overall subsistence of coastal communities in northern Sweden during the period AD 500–1600. The social context is of particular interest, specifically in relation to the successive conformation by the local communities to the Swedish fiscal system. The study draws on archaeological records and on historical records from the 14th to the 17th century, in addition to ethnographic accounts for hunting and fishing. We conclude that the legal cultures embraced by the indigenous population and that of the Swedish central powers were in essence incompatible. The acquisition of land and fishing rights was never settled between two equal parties, but one-sidedly enforced by the party holding the pen.     

Race,Waste, and Space: Brownfield Redevelopment and Environmental Justice at the Hunters Point Shipyard

This paper advances the concept of “waste formations” as a way of thinking together processes of race, space, and waste in brownfield redevelopment projects. Defined as formerly industrial and contaminated properties, in the 1990s brownfields emerged as the grounds for new forms of urbanization and an emerging environmental remediation industry. Through their redevelopment, the twentieth century's urban wastelands—environmentally degraded, economically divested, and often racially marked—have become sites of investment, resignification, and value formation. The concept of waste formations provides a critical framework on the ways these socio‐ecological transformations rework twentieth century urban inequalities—in particular, the articulation of waste and toxic waste—and the ways they produce new geographies of environmental injustice through the displacement of toxic waste to newly waste‐able spaces. This paper develops an analytic of waste formations and applies it to the process of brownfield redevelopment at the Hunters Point Shipyard in southeast San Francisco.     

张家港市港口镇"做会讲经"调查报告

江苏省张家港市系县级市,隶属苏州市。北部和东部临长江,隔江与靖江市、如皋县、南通市相邻;西部和南部与江阴市、常熟市交界。它是一个新兴的城市,1962年分割常熟县(即今常熟市)及长江中涌出的沙洲(今市之东部)并江阴县部分地区建沙洲县,八十年代后期改称张家港市。