Librarianship in Kuwait after the Gulf War

A general view of the field of librarianship in Kuwait is presented with special emphasis on the impact of the Iraqi aggression on libraries and information centers in the country. First, a review of the damages and future plans of the main library and information sectors is presented (school, public, academic, central libraries), followed by a summary of the effect of the Iraqi occupation on education in library and information science.     

有关太平洋战争爆发后日本外交与特工人员在澳门活动的几点补正

值此澳门即将回归之际,笔者据藏在北京图书馆的日本驻澳门总领事馆档案（以下简称“澳档”）揭露日本侵略者的罪行,并纠正中日两国有关论著的不确记载之处。对于抗日战争期间、特别是１９４１年１２月８日太平洋战争爆发后的澳门,我国所出版的有关近代澳门史的著作多语焉不详,如费成康的《澳门四百年》（上海人民出版社,１９８８年版。费氏当时在上海华东师范大学,此前未去过澳门）、黄鸿钊的《澳门史》（商务印书馆版,香港,１９８７年。黄氏为香山县人,时为南京大学副教授）、元邦建及袁桂秀编著的《澳门史略》（中流出版社版,１…     

Securing the World and Challenging Civil Society: Before and After the ‘War on Terror’

Following President Bush's declaration of a ‘War on Terror’ in 2001, governments around the world introduced a range of counter‐terrorist legislation, policies and practices. These measures have affected not only human rights and civil liberties but also civil society and aid frameworks. Although the Obama administration has renounced the language of the ‘War on Terror’ and taken steps to revoke aspects such as water‐boarding and the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay, the bulk of the legislation and practices associated with the post‐9/11 global security framework remain. The cluster of papers which follow provide detailed studies of the effects of the War on Terror regime on civil society in four contexts: the USA, Spain, Kenya and Uzbekistan. In this way it lays a basis for civil society actors and aid agencies to reflect more strategically on how they should engage with security debates and initiatives in a way that best protects the spaces of civil society and the interests of minority and vulnerable groups. This introduction sets out the three key themes pursued throughout the cluster articles, namely, the selective impact of counter‐terrorist measures on civil society; the particularity of civil society responsiveness to these measures; and the role of aid and diplomacy in pursuing security objectives and its consequences for civil society.     

Organizational Impediments to Effective Policy on Gulf War Illness

The mysterious medical conditions experienced by the veterans of the Persian Gulf conflict created a major public policy problem for the federal government. The actions of both the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense were both characterized by numerous organizational dysfunctions that frequently plague complex bureaucracies. The inability of these departments to respond adequately to the veterans needs created a contentious political environment in which the federal government was accused of intentional neglect. The problems, however, were primarily the result of communication breakdowns and institutional inertia.     

高技术条件下的人类、战争与环境--以1991年海湾战争为例

科技进步和军事变革互为条件、共同发展。战争作为“流血的政治”,其根本属性并没有随着科技进步而改变。它不仅是人类社会内部的严重冲突,更是特定生态系统中人与环境的对立。与以往的战争模式相比,高技术战争看似“人道”,却凸显出人与环境之关系更趋紧张的态势。以1991年海湾战争为例,战争双方滥用科技带来的破坏,几乎超出了自然环境的自我恢复能力和人类重建家园能力。无论联军还是伊军,都是环境的破坏者,他们连同平民一起又是环境破坏后果的最终承担者。从人与环境的关系入手审视高技术战争,使我们看到了现有的战争伦理的局限性。     

海湾战争与土耳其中东外交政策评析

20世纪40年代以来土耳其奉行亲西方,尤其是亲美的一边倒外交政策,土耳其中东外交服务于其西方战略,长期以中立和不介入为主要特征。20世纪90年代世界政治格局的变化使得土耳其必须重新调整其中东外交政策,海湾战争为土耳其重新实践其外交政策提供了机遇,土耳其在中东开始采取积极、主动的新型外交政策。海湾战争成为土耳其中东外交的分水岭。海湾战争中,土耳其积极介入中东事务的政策与土耳其亲西方的外交政策恰好吻合;伊拉克战争则表明土耳其中东外交与其亲西方外交之间的不协调性。