NEW COMPETITION IN SHOPPING-CENTER HIERARCHIES: AN EMPIRICAL COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE SPECIFICATIONS*

ABSTRACT. Within the framework of an existing hierarchy of shopping centers, Voronoi diagrams at each level of the hierarchy are used to define infringement on existing centers by new entrants. We distinguish four intensities of infringement—that is, four categorizations of when existing centers face new competition—and label shopping centers accordingly. Our aim is to determine empirically which type of new competition is best explained by various attributes of the incumbent centers. To accomplish this, logit analysis is used to relate the above labels to market-area population, store turnover, age, and hierarchical level of each shopping center in Edmonton, Alberta.     

高新技术产业布局特征分析

影响高新技术产业布局的区位因子主要是知识、技术、资金和信息。地方政府对高新技术产业的扶持因素和对外开放条件对高新技术产业区位选择的影响越来越大。高新技术产业区位具有智力密集、良好的外部发展条件、对外开放度高和交通方便、生产和生活环境质量相对较高、位于大中城市等特征。高新技术产业布局存在着区域集聚与扩散两种过程。     

文化信息的空间扩散分析

本文从信息论的角度探讨了文化的空间扩散过程;初步探讨了文化扩散的信息内涵,提出了文化源地、文化宿地、文化扩散媒介等文化信息扩散要素,简要地分析了文化信息扩散的类型;着重探讨了影响文化信息扩散的作用因素,分析了环境约束,区域引力,空间距离、地形摩擦、文化惯性和文化革新等6个因素的作用。     

黄山市入境国外旅游市场亲景度与竞争态分析

国际旅游客源市场的规模与质量直接影响旅游地旅游业的外向度,而外向度的提高是旅游地塑造国际化品牌形象,增加外汇收入,提高经济效益的基础。本文依据黄山市入境国外旅游市场1995-2005年的相关统计数据,通过亲景度、竞争态以及亲景度与竞争态的相关分析,认为客源市场亲景度的差异是导致市场竞争态差异的主要原因之一。最后文章对黄山市今后拓展入境国外旅游市场提出了对策与建议。如开通直航包机,多参加国际性旅游交易会,在境外召开产品说明会或旅游推介会,邀请境外旅行商和主流新闻媒体来黄山市考察,联合其他旅游城市共同促销等。     

南京市区就业空间布局研究

本文采取就业密度分析方法,对南京市区就业空间布局进行实证研究。在南京市区现有11个区的基础上将南京市区划分为159个研究单元。依据2005年南京市1%人口抽样调查资料中"区县层面"分行业就业数据,以及2006年南京市用地现状图,修正匹配得到各个研究单元制造业、服务业、商业金融业及总的就业密度值。并运用Arcgis软件对就业密度值进行核密度分析以及3D模拟,分析南京市区制造业、服务业以及总就业的空间布局特征及原因机制。     

北京城市空间认知的影响因素分析

城市空间认知影响因素分析与认知空间格局研究具有同等的重要性。论文基于北京城市空间认知调查问卷数据,引入居民属性等16个变量,利用二值Logistic回归方法,提炼出23个认知地点整体以及交通节点、商场、休闲地三种类型地点的认知影响因素。发现:第一,不同类型地点的认知率影响因素存在异同,其中,存在职住变更是最为显著的共性因子。第二,各类地点中的显著影响因子对认知率的作用大小有明显差异,年龄46-55岁变量是23地点认知率的最重要影响因素,交通节点和商场认知率最重要的影响因素为就业内城四区,而就业地与休闲地距离小于等于6km变量对休闲地认知率的影响最大。第三,各类模型中的影响因素类型不同且影响程度有很大差异,故具有不同属性信息组合的居民认知率不同。     

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF INTERREGIONAL PRICE LINKAGES*

ABSTRACT Vector autoregression models are used to analyze the relationships between Texas and Illinois corn prices, and the New Orleans export price. Decomposition of error variances suggests an increasing exogeneity in the recent years between the export market and the two U.S. markets. Impulse response functions indicate that the export price influences both the Illinois and Texas prices.     

DISPERSION FORMS: AN INTERACTION OF MARKET ACCESS,COMPETITION, AND URBAN COSTS*

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes a two‐region model including multiple industries with different transport costs. Two results are derived. First, dispersion occurs for small transport costs, but the specific dispersion patterns depend on the level of urban costs. This results from an interaction of the market‐access effect on consumers, the market‐access effect on firms, the competition effect, and the urban‐cost effect. Second, decreasing transport cost tends to let industries with lower transport costs disperse, although the shares of industries locating in the larger region are not in order of their transport costs. We further provide some empirical data concerning the second result.     

旅游目的地空间介入机会的游客感知特征分析

空间介入机会在旅游地的发展过程中能够起到一定程度的促动作用,在旅游地竞争日益激烈的情况下,介入机会的重要性受到越来越多的认可,合理利用空间介入机会对新旅游地或新产品的开发具有更重要的意义。本文从游客角度出发,以浙江省大明山风景区为案例,使用问卷调查、深入访谈、实地观察等多种方法获取数据,分析了游客对旅游地空间介入机会的感知特征。研究结果表明,游客对旅游目的地的空间介入机会具有清晰的感知,游客对于存在介入机会的目的地出游决策是在时间、交通、距离、个人等多方面因素共同作用下,充分比较景区可替代性的基础上做出的相对理性决策。     

社会资源与现代旅游业发展分析

过去的旅游活动,以游览观光自然景观与人文景观为主,80年代以来,重视社会景观已成为现代旅游业的发展方向。本文较详尽地论述了构成社会景观的社会资源在发展现代旅游业中的重要意义,社会资源的含义,对社会资源的初步分类与评价,结合我国情况对社会资源的开发、利用作了分析。     

中国旅游业地域不平衡分析

由于多种因素:中国自然地理条件、社会历史文化、经济状况等的区域差异,使我国旅游业表现出地域差异。因此本文根据三大地区的划分,着重比较了各地区的供给与需求的差异,并分析了其差异性的根源。在旅游供给的地域不平衡部分,对旅游供给的四个部分:旅游资源及其开发阶段与趋势、旅游设施、旅游服务、旅游基础设施进行分析。在需求的地域不平衡部分,对国内旅游、海外旅游、出境旅游逐个进行了分析。最后提出了我国区域旅游业发展的策略。     

AN ANALYSIS OF THIRTY-ONE COINS FROM THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD

Thirty-one silver coins of the Hellenistic period were examined by the particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method, and the results incorporated into a wider study of the coins. Some tentative conclusions reached in the study are mentioned, together with an outline of the PIXE method. A number of patterns emerged in the results, the most important being an apparent deterioration in silver content among the later Seleucid and Ptolemaic issues; some high concentrations of particular elements were also noted.     

河北地域文化景观分析

本文从自然环境剖析入手,阐释了文化景观区位的自然属性与人文属性,探讨了环境感应、政权核心对河北地域文化景观的错综影响。     

STRUCTURES OF LANGUAGE AND MYTH: AN ANALYSIS OF A GOONIYANDI TEXT

In this paper we analyse a text in Gooniyandi (southern Kimberley, Western Australia), a myth about the acquisition of fire. Our analysis, broadly structuralist-functionalist in orientation, uses a number of complementary modes of myth analysis, including a variety of structuralism which draws on Lévi-Strauss. Our main point, however, differs from his concerns. It is that the analysis of a myth (indeed, of any text) cannot be pursued independently of its language, and of the linguistic choices implemented by the narrator. Relevant choices include not just lexical, but also grammatical ones, selections of grammatical construction (and patterns in them), not, of course, in the language of translation (English), but in the language of the text. We suggest that our method should be generally applicable to myths in any language.