近代新疆农地资源的开发和利用

近代、特别是清末农地的开发较大地促进了新疆农业经济的发展,使农业生产水平大幅度提高,从根本上改变了有史以来北牧南农的经济格局,形成了新疆以农为主、各业并举的混合经济形式,并带动了工、商、矿、牧各业的发展,促进了新疆社会经济水平的提高,为稳定边防起到了积极作用。近代新疆农地开发所取得的成就,主要是全疆各族人民共同努力的结果。     

气吞山河(下)——新疆天然气开发利用实现历史性大跨越

天然气是新疆的优势资源,也是新疆经济增长的新亮点,年产量和外输量均居全国第一位,在中国石油工业中具有举足轻重的战略地位。凤凰涅般木,浴火重生。为保障国家能源安全、促进经济社会又好又快发展,大"气"晚成的新疆天然气走过了披荆斩棘的历程,取得了亘古未有的成就,实现了开天辟地的跨越,谱写了催人泪下的赞歌。     

气吞山河（上）——新疆天然气开发利用实现历史性大跨越

天然气是新疆的优势资源,也是新疆经济增长的新亮点,年产量和外输量均居全国第一位,在中国石油工业中具有举足轻重的战略地位。凤凰涅檠,浴火重生。为保障国家能源安全、促进经济社会又好又快发展,大“气”晚成的新疆天然气走过了披荆斩棘的历程,取得了亘古未有的成就,实现了开天辟地的跨越,谱写了催人泪下的赞歌。     

新疆史若干问题研究综述（1989—1998）

1989—1998年的10年间,随着我国史学研究的繁荣,西域史地的研究也得到蓬勃发展,并取得了一批有较高水平的研究成果,涉及新疆疆域史、民族史、开发史、对外关系史等诸多方面,尤其是对历史上新疆与祖国内地的关系以及历代中央政府对新疆的治理与开发的研究方面,更是硕果累累、成就斐然。     

《新疆年鉴》（2003年刊）编撰意见

由自治区人民政府主办、自治区地方志编委会主管、新疆年鉴社编辑出版的《新疆年鉴》到 2 0 0 2年已出版 18部。 18年来 ,它忠实地记录了自治区改革开放和经济社会发展的历史轨迹 ,向广大读者和社会各界提供了大量的经济、文化、科学、社会、民族等方方面面的信息 ,为自治区物质文明、政治文明和精神文明作出了贡献 ,受到广大读者和社会各界以及党政部门的好评。这些成绩的取得是广大作者和组稿人辛勤努力的结果。2 0 0 2年是新疆经济和社会发展速度较快的一年。国家继续推动西部大开发战略 ,实施扩大内需的各项政策措施 ,为新疆的发展提供…     

清代新疆屯垦文化研究

屯垦是我国历代政府开发边疆、巩固国防的重要国策之一。历代屯垦以清朝在新疆屯垦时间最长、范围最广、人数最多,取得的成效最为显著。屯垦不仅为戍边的军队提供了物质保障,维护了边疆的稳定,巩固了祖国的统一,促进了新疆经济社会的发展,还产生了与之相适应的屯垦文化。屯垦文化对促进新疆经济社会进步、维护祖国统一,特别在增进新疆多民族文化融入中华文明方面,产生了极为重要的影响。     

新形势下开展基层群众文化工作的重要性

近年来,随着我国现代化社会的不断发展进步,我国经济、文化方面的发展也取得了阶段性的成就,人们的物质生活水平进一步提高和得到满足的同时,对精神文化的追求也越来越高,这就使得在新形势下基层群众文化工作的重要性尤为突出.群众文化作为我国文化建设的重要组成部分,影响并推动着我国文化建设的进一步向前发展.为实现社会的全面发展进步...     

河南博物馆事业:60年足迹不寻常

中华人民共和国成立60年来,河南省的博物馆事业有了长足的发展,取得了令人瞩目的成就.各类型博物馆、纪念馆从新中国成立之初的2座增至150余座,现代化水平日益提高,整体功能逐步提升,陈展效果不断改善,服务质量和范围不断提高和拓展,科研力量得到加强.     

二战以来日本发展道路特点及启示

日本是我国的邻国,自二战结束之后日本在很多方面,与我国形成了既相互竞争又密切合作的状态。日本的科学研发能力和教育居于世界前列,国民拥有很高的生活质量,是全球最富裕、经济最发达的国家之一。但近几年来财政的赤字、经济的停滞、政局的动荡,外交的失策使日本又陷入了另一轮的危机之中。日本从第二次世界大战惨败的基础上,在恢复经济和社会方面取得的惊人成就,日本之所以能在二战后迅速的恢复并发展是与美国的统治和自身的努力分不开的。日本在成为经济大国的道路上有着自己的特色,但随着国家经济地位的提升,人民生活水平的提高,通过对日本发展特色的分析也为我们未来研究发展中国家尤其是我国的发展道路提供了一些宝贵的启示。     

近代新疆厘金制度始末

厘金作为晚清一种新的商税产生于十九世纪五十年代,最初作为一种临时的筹款方法,但从当时的社会经济和财政状况来看,它的产生又带有必然性。随着厘金制度的发展它逐步成为支撑清代末世的重要财政支柱。同时也给近代经济带来也极大危害。厘金制度也是新疆近代的税制之一,其在新疆的实施情况很特殊,对近代新疆的发展产生了独特而深远的影响.     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.