Defense Policy

Edmund Beard, Developing the ICBM: A Study in Bureaucratic Politics
Albert Legault and George Lindsey, The Dynamics of the Nuclear Balance     

Paths of an Evolving City: Alternatives and Relevance in Local Policy

This paper builds on some previous results concerning: (1) a view of the industrial district as a learning region, and (2) a typology of features of local development and industrial policies. The aim here is to apply these results to a 'non-district' case study, that is the understanding of the inner logic of the economy and the framing of the local economic policy in an Italian dynamic city (Florence, and its urban system). The interest of such case is two-fold. Firstly, we see how the conceptual framework developed for the analysis of industrial districts can be applied, at least partially, to different types of local systems, and in particular to the important case of complex and dynamic urban systems. Secondly, the complexity itself makes easier, or not avoidable, the consideration of a trade-off in the inputs of local policy's relevance.     

An Early Assessment of Reagan Defense Policy and Programs

Abstract

Ralph Hancock’s Responsibility of Reason represents an important addition to the literature on the crisis of modernity. This article focuses on his account of the origins and nature of modernity and his claim that Tocqueville exemplifies the best way to work through the crisis of modernity. It then suggests that Hancock’s own reflections on the nature of human existence require a more balanced or even positive assessment of modernity than the one he offers in the book. Finally, it attempts to illustrate this point by showing that elements of Kant’s political thought are akin to Hancock’s.     

汉光武帝边防政策及其相关问题论析

汉光武帝"柔道"治国,致力于稳定统治的经济建设和政治建设,实行加强中央集权为中心的军制改革,针对周边少数族的威胁,制定了以保守为主的边防政策.汉光武帝的边防政策基本上维护了东汉政权边境安全与社会稳定,成为"光武中兴"的重要原因,但其保守性,也对东汉边防带来了消极的影响.     

感生故事与早期政权的更迭

普遍出现于古史传说时代的感生故事,并不能作为母系氏族制度存在的证据。事实上,感生故事应与早期政权的更迭密切相关,是“天人合一、王权神授”思想的表现形式之一。而仰韶文化时期以及龙山时代以来的考古发现,也初步展现出感生故事发生的婚姻家庭背景和社会政治基础。     

从新《防卫计划大纲》看日本安全战略的调整方向

2010年12月17日,日本政府通过新的《防卫计划大纲》,确立了今后十年日本国家安全战略和防务政策的方向。“新大纲”首次明确指出中国的军事动向是“地区和国际社会的忧虑事项”,并做出一系列针对性的安全战略调整：将防卫对象直指中国,防卫力量构想改“基础性”为“机动性”,防卫重心由本土和北方移向“西南岛屿”,计划改革增强情报机构,酝酿构建亚太多边同盟体系等。本文就日本“新大纲”的内容变化以及针对中国的安全战略调整展开分析。     

旅游业可持续发展中的伦理辩护

旅游业可持续发展应遵循伦理学准则.本文从分析中西方伦理入手,对旅游业可持续发展中所涉及的道义学、目的论、生态伦理、旅游伦理等准则进行了辨析和论证,目的是呼吁人们管束自己的"非伦理行为",以真正实现旅游业可持续发展.     

Measuring Spatial Correspondence among Network Paths

Measuring the spatial correspondence among geographic features is an important component of many analyses such as those seeking to identify similar or dissimilar features, explore the extent to which change has taken place, and explain the processes influencing spatial change. In networked systems, the paths providing connectivity between pairs of nodes are often the geographic features among which spatial correspondence is to be assessed. That is, given a set of paths between a pair of nodes, the extent to which they share portions of the network and spatially deviate from one another can provide insight on the factors underlying the use of a system. While methods for measuring the spatial correspondence among specific types of network paths have been devised, this article proposes a methodology for measuring the spatial correspondence among the topology of network paths of any type, including those involving redundant use of network space. By basing comparisons upon the topologic relationships among the paths, the proposed approach better accounts for average spatial deviation as well as the asymmetric spatial relationship between pairs of paths, enabling greater stability and consistency in the analysis of their spatial characteristics. The developed methodology is applied to evaluate variability in spatial correspondence among a set of network paths to demonstrate its utility.     

Paths of Evolution of Rural Settlements

Rural places are discussed in terms of predominantly farming communities, nonfarm communities and places with mixed functions. In the case of farming communities, Soviet policy is to encourage consolidation to optimal sizes of 1000 or 2000 people, to make possible better services than can be extended to single-dwelling and other very small settlements. An increasing share of nonfarm settlements among rural places reflects the operation of three kinds of processes: the appearance of places related to nonfarm use of the territory (mining, transportation, recreation, etc.); the transformation of rural places, especially in suburban zones into dormitory settlements; and the development of small-scale local industry.     

中国乡里制度研究的路径--读《中国乡里制度》

由于史料过于零散、缺乏,乡里制度本身缺乏规范性、完整性和系统性,又同赋役制度、宗法制度错综复杂地交织在一起,所以,中国古代乡里制度研究的深化,有待于在研究的资料、视角、理论和方法等方面取得新的突破。赵秀玲著《中国乡里制度》一书,在这几个方面都有有益的探索和尝试,但却留下了不少遗憾和可供商榷之处。