和战之间--战后中共建国方针之演变(1945年8月-1946年11月)

抗日战争胜利后中共的建国方针实际上经历了以战建国,到和平建国,再到打谈图和,终到弃和就战的过程.从以战建国到和平建国的转变中,美国、苏联的作用不可低估.和平建国方针确立后,中共为之实现付出了真诚而艰辛的努力.     

1931-1945年加拿大与中国的关系

1931-1945年日本发动侵华战争期间,加拿大与中国的关系发生了重大转变,不仅建立了正式的外交关系,而且加拿大政府从对日本奉行绥靖政策逐渐转变为援助中国人民的抗日战争.本文在查阅档案的基础上,对这一时期的加中关系进行考察,着重从加拿大在二战中确立并实施的独立外交角度去探析加拿大对华政策发生重大变化的原因,并指出加中关系的改善对于双方都产生了有利的影响.     

抗战时期沦陷区的学术研究及知识分子状况述论——以1940至1945年南京市为例

抗战爆发前,南京是全国的文化学术中心和知识分子的聚集地。日军攻城的炮火一夜之间使南京成为"文化沙漠"。汪伪建政后,在南京建立了若干高等教育和学术研究机构,并取得了一些学术成果。知识分子群体也重新在南京出现,并形成了短暂的结社热潮。但这些都打上了很深的殖民文化的烙印。汪伪政权后期,日伪加强了对文化思想的控制。此外,由于沦陷区经济状况的恶化和伪政权的内部矛盾,汪伪在南京"恢复"中央研究院的计划流产,标志着日伪主导的学术文化的衰落。     

Relegating Nazism to the Past: Expressions of German Guilt in 1945 and Beyond

This article builds on a research thesis that confronting moralfeelings is essential to an understanding of the catastrophicpolitical success of Nazism in Germany and the way Germany developedafter its defeat in 1945. This research into a ‘moralhistory’ of Nazi Germany and its postwar echoes is carriedout through an interdisciplinary approach that, in essence,combines historical with philosophical analysis. In the immediatepostwar period, Germany continued to be stamped by discussionscentred on moral guilt arising from its Nazi past and from theHolocaust in particular. The article analyses the differentways this guilt was discussed in 1945 and how these discussionsechoed what can be described as a form of Nazi morality. Thearticle uses three main sources to explore these issues: first,the writings and interrogations with the Nazi lawyer and Governor-Generalof Nazi-occupied Poland, Hans Frank; second, the memoirs ofHitler's secretary Traudl Junge; and third, the essay The Questionof German Guilt by Karl Jaspers.     

The many Robespierres from 1794 to the present

The Belgian Constitution of 1831 marked a decisive step in the continental evolution from Restoration constitutional monarchy, based on the monarchical principle, towards the establishment of parliamentary constitutional monarchy. At the time, the new balance of power desired by the Belgian revolutionaries was captured by the phrase ‘republican monarchy’. It is remarkable that this concept, despite being so central to the founding fathers’ deliberations, has hardly been commented upon by later historians and public lawyers. This article aims to reconstruct the origin, meaning and uses of this concept in the context of the 1830 revolutionary wave. French revolutionary veteran general Lafayette was responsible for popularizing republican monarchy in the July Revolution, although the term’s origins went back to eighteenth-century debates on the reform of absolute monarchy. Lafayette used it to summarize the institutional demands of the republican movement vis-à-vis king Louis Philippe. Its transnational migration to the Belgian context subsequently entailed a shift in meaning which will be charted through an analysis of the Belgian constituent and public debates. Finally, the reasons for the concept’s sudden disappearance from the political stage will be addressed.     

近代旅日闽侨与侨乡联系探究(1840-1945)

在不同的历史时段和不同的区域,华侨与侨乡之间存在着不同的联系状况。基于普通华侨社会生活史的角度,考察了近代旅日闽侨与侨乡的多元联系及其演变形态,认为这些来自社会底层的普通华侨,与侨乡社会保持了不可分割的历史联系,逐渐成为侨乡社会发展的推动力,拓展了侨乡社会的外部发展空间,倡导今后运用历史社会学的田野调查方法,探寻其联系的不同方式及其影响,以期拓展日本华侨史研究的学术视野,深化对侨乡社会文化变迁的认识。