推进“县权公开”的现实困境及其有效路径

县权公开是在我国政治体制改革的环境下提出的重要举措,针对当前我国推行县权公开所面临的种种困境,可以从健全党内权力运行与监督制度、配套顶层设计完善问责与激励制度二个维度,有效推进"县权公开"。     

难忘的一次改革——为纪念贵阳市第一中学百年华诞而作

在贵阳一中百年华诞到来之际,让人回忆起一中作为省市的重点中学所进行的一系列的改革试点工作,而最让我难以忘怀的是1983年——1985年间进行的一次关于学校管理体制改革的试点,这次试点工作曾得到省市领导同志的重视和支持,在省内外产生的影响比较大。这次改革的特点是:(1)学校管理体制的改革即实行名符其实的校长负责制和有条件的教师聘任制是解放以来的首次,是具有开创性的一次改革;(2)改革带来学校的变化和取得的成效,曾引起省外学校的兴趣和重视;(3)改革既留下成果又有深刻的教训。改革的酝酿是从1983年开始的,这年的暑假期间,市委在花…     

中共十八大以来司法体制改革的进展及成效

中共十八大以来,中国司法体制改革积极推进并取得了突破性进展和明显成效。司法管理体制改革有序推进,出台了确保依法独立公正行使审判权、检察权的具体举措;完善了司法人员分类管理制度;健全了防止人为干扰司法的制度。司法权运行机制改革逐步推开,积极推进司法责任制改革试点和司法公开;拓宽人民群众有序参与司法的渠道;检察机关开展公益诉讼改革试点。人权司法保障机制建设取得积极成果,全面废止劳动教养制度;不断健全错案防止、纠正、责任追究机制;依法保障律师执业权利;逐步减少适用死刑罪名;规范涉案财物处置的司法程序。司法便民利民举措陆续出台,实施了立案登记制改革;健全国家司法救助制度;完善法律援助制度。公正、高效、权威的社会主义司法制度正在逐步得到完善。     

清末地方自治中的广东士绅

<正>中国传统社会实行“国权不下县，县下惟宗族，宗族皆自治，自治靠伦理，伦理造乡绅”^[1]这一基层控制模式，士绅成为地方社会治理的重要力量。地方自治是政治近代化的重要标志，士绅是地方自治的中坚力量。新政时期广东士绅开展的地方自治是应对晚清政治改革的自然调适，开启了广东地方政治近代化的先声。广东士绅在设立地方自治研究社、参与咨议局和筹建统一自治机构等方面投入了相当精力，虽然成效有限，但却巩固了传统绅权。对新政时期广东士绅参与地方自治的原因、     

农村税费改革回顾与思考——以山西省为例

农村税费改革是中共中央、国务院为加强农业基础地位、调动和保护农民的生产积极性、切实解决"三农"问题而做出的一项重大决策。山西作为试点省份,选择了不同区域、不同经济类型、具有一定代表性且工作基础较好的代县等5个县,从2000年7月开始进行税费改革试点,到2005年全面取消农业税,取得了一系列改革成效。但在具体执行过程中,产生了基层组织债务化解困难、财政困难突显等问题,对山西省农村税费改革过程中存在的困难和问题,要用发展的眼光重新审视,同时也要采取相应的措施逐步地加以解决。     

参加阆中县文物普查试点工作的体会

四川省文物普查阆中试点工作从86年6月13日开始,于7月14日结束。这次普查是我省首次有组织有计划地由省、地、县文物工作者共同进行的一次全县范围内的文物普查,取得了较大的成绩,有不少值得推广的好经验,也存在一些需要加以改进的薄弱环节。     

王永江与奉天省警政早期现代化

王永江在奉天省警政革新取得两个成果,一是担任奉天全省警务处长兼省城警察厅厅长期间大力整顿警政内务,在军警冲突成功地维护了警权。二是担任奉天省代省长期间整顿保甲制度和实行保甲合一。警政革新从一个侧面反映了奉天省地方政府在不断寻求最适宜自身需求社会制度并取得了一定成效,体现了在中国传统体制文化资源和西方现代体制文化资源双重作用下传统与现代化因素的统一。     

与时俱进的改革方法

改革的成效取决于科学的改革思维和改革方法。邓小平为当代中国改革取得历史性成就奠定了方法论基础。习近平在继承邓小平改革方法论的基础上,又结合新的实践和新的时代特征,进一步发展了邓小平改革方法论,对新时期全面深化改革作出全面的战略部署。共产党是以马克思主义为行动指南的执政党,邓小平和习近平的改革方法自然有其共性,但由于时代特征不同、面临问题不同、改革侧重点不同,习近平又创新和发展了邓小平改革方法论。     

高职院校美术课程改革的内涵目标与策略

随着社会对人才需求的不断变化,高等职业院校对美术课程改革进行了各种有益的探索,并取得了一定的成效。正确地理解职业教育课程的内涵,把握课程体系改革的目标,探索高职美术教育课程改革策略,对提高高职美术教育质量有着重要的指导作用。     

论胡亚雷斯的改革政策(1854—1867)

十九世纪中叶,墨西哥伟人之一胡亚雷斯领导了一场波澜壮阔的社会改革运动。这场改革运动既是墨西哥民族独立运动的深化,又是墨西哥资产阶级民主革命的起点,并为其最后的胜利奠定了基础。本文拟就胡亚雷斯改革的背景、取得的成效和局限性及其历史地位等问题,谈点浅见。     

Samuel Taylor Coleridge on ideas actualized in history

ABSTRACT

Situating Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s thought on historically actualized ideas with reference to a range of classical thinkers, this article examines his intriguing philosophical theory about how ideas become progressively actualized in history. This cultural growth can be understood as contemplation-in-action, although it occurs through mainly fumbling – or else overenthusiastic – human agents. I distinguish Coleridgean first-order, transcendent ideas (such as God, infinity, the good, the soul) from second-order, historical ones (such as church, state, the constitution). It has been argued that Coleridge’s theory of ideas develops from Bacon’s inductive method for discovering laws of nature through experiment and natural law through common law. I further claim that Coleridge upholds the reality of “Forms” in science, and of rights in ethics and politics; that his later political thought is inherently more progressive than is generally admitted; and that his account differs from Schelling’s and Hegel’s respective theories by maintaining the transcendence of ideas above the immanence of their evolving historical actualizations. Coleridge’s philosophy is therefore, whether political or metaphysical, ultimately an ontological defence of the transcendence of ideas above the immanence of their progressive but imperfect actualization.     

马克思、恩格斯时代思想研究

所谓时代问题,就是对作为一个整体的人类社会一定历史发展阶段、发展态势与发展趋势的认识问题。马克思、恩格斯对人类社会历史发展阶段性的认识,包括两种基本思路、五种社会形态理论与三种社会形态理论。人类社会不断发展变化,要求我们进一步深入研究马克思、恩格斯的时代思想,而研究的基本思路,就是把五种社会形态理论与三种社会形态理论统一起来。     

循环经济发展中的金融支持研究——以青海省柴达木循环经济试验区为例

本文从循环经济与金融支持的关系入手,分析了柴达木循环经济发展中金融支持的重要作用和金融支持方面存在的问题,提出了今后金融支持的思路。     

徐干儒学文艺观与创作关系述论

徐干具有鲜明的儒学文艺观,具体体现在注重个人创造的艺德观、以言为贵、言为德藻的重言观、以立志为先、博达中正的才学观等三个方面。它们是徐干自身儒家人格的集中反映,又对其文学创作产生了深刻影响,为考察魏晋之际儒风与文风的交融互动关系,提供了可资借鉴的范本。     

《篆隶万象名义》重出字初探

本通过对《篆隶万象名义》中100对重出字的探讨,说明了《篆隶万象名义》的性质、特点,讨论了学术界对《篆隶万象名义》的一般认识问题。     

The meaning of historical terms and concepts: New studies on begriffsgeschichte

A contribution to the liberalism-republicanism debate from a political historian's point of view, this essay focuses on Britain in the mid-Victorian period—arguably the golden age of modern liberalism. The first part argues that the writings and political ideas of the leading liberal thinkers were imbued with ‘neo-roman’ values, including participatory citizenship, civic virtue and concern for the common good. The second part discusses the dissemination of ‘neo-roman’ ideas among the rank and file of the Liberal party, focusing on popular celebrations of the right to bear arms. The essay concludes that, despite the methodological claims of some scholars, the liberalism-republicanism debate has tended to ignore the context within which ideas and traditions were developed by their leading interpreters. Moreover, it argues that if we really are interested in the context of political thought we must go beyond traditional concerns with the ‘canonical’ texts and look at its social environment.     

Spinoza on Fictitious Ideas and Possible Entities

The aim of this article is twofold: to provide a valid account of Spinoza’s theory of fictitious ideas, and to demonstrate its coherency with the overall modal metaphysics underpinning his philosophical system. According to Leibniz, in fact, the existence of romances and novels would be sufficient to demonstrate, against Spinoza’s necessitarianism, that possible entities exist and are intelligible, and that many other worlds different from ours could have existed in its place. I argue that Spinoza does not actually need to resort to the notion of possible entities in order to explain the incontrovertible existence of fictions and fictitious ideas. In order to demonstrate this, I will first show how, according to Spinoza, true ideas of nonexistent things need not be regarded as fictitious ideas. Then I will show by which means Spinoza can justify the real existence of fictions and fictitious ideas in the human mind through our present knowledge of actually existing things, to conclude that fictitious ideas neither add anything to what we already know of things, nor do they increase the extent of the existing conceivable reality by demanding the existence of possible non-actualised entities.     

J.S. Bach’s St. Matthew Passion and intellectual history

ABSTRACT

Recent thinking about Intellectual History has moved beyond studying only verbal texts, to encompass other kinds of visual and aural texts that can be vehicles for generative thought. Where might music fit into this expanded conception? If ideas are defined purely as concepts that can be expressed in words, music can be no more than an “epiphenomenon”, a consequence or representation of ideas that lie behind it, but not capable of embodying those ideas in itself. Yet to many musicians, it seems obvious that music can function as a way in which ideas are developed and worked out. What kinds of knowledge might be embodied in music, then, and how do its meanings change over time? In this paper, I examine some of these issues through consideration of one of the key texts of Western art music, J.S. Bach’s St. Matthew Passion, exploring how it was conceived in a liturgical context in Bach’s time, how its meaning changed when transposed to the very different milieus of concert performance in nineteenth-century Berlin and colonial Sydney, and as it has been re-imagined in a variety of recent staged and recorded versions.     

地理学思想史指要——杰弗里·马丁《所有可能的世界:地理学思想史》评介

地理学思想史研究对地理学学科发展具有重要意义.当前国内对地理学思想史的研究比较缺乏.地理学思想史的任务并不仅仅是讲述地理思想和知识的产生、形成和演变过程,而且要通过这一过程达到对地理学性质的把握和准确认识.通过地理学思想史研究可以把握地理学的要旨:地球表面的差异性是地理学的关键,而对此进行描述和解释是地理研究的主要内容.地理学思想史有两个大的发展阶段:古典时期和近现代时期.在面临坚持传统与积极创新的抉择时,地理学家应该多从思想史中吸收和借鉴,并避免掉入二元论的语义陷阱.