人地关系观、规划观的历史轨迹初探——兼论城市规划观的未来趋向

本文探讨了人地关系观及规划观的历史演变,结合后现代主义思潮,对城市规划今后发展方向提出一系列建议。     

GIS辅助城市用地结构分析与用地调整的应用初探

面对复杂的城市问题,单一学科的理论和方法往往束手无策,交叉学科的研究是近年来城市问题研究的主要趋势之一,特别是随着GIS的发展,借助GIS及相关学科的研究方法和手段进行城市现状分析和预测将是城市学领域发展的重要方向之一。本文以湖北省崇阳县白霓镇为例,借用经济学供需基本概蓬和分析方法,结合社会学的调查研究方法,利用系统工程方法和GIS技术,在深入调查的基础上,开创性地提出城市用地供需度的概念,并从它们与区位之间关系的角度出发分析用地结构,探讨了GIS在城市用地结构分析与辅助用地调整方面的应用,旨在抛砖引玉,引起同行们对新技术条件下传统研究方法革新的重视。     

也谈《尹湾汉墓简牍》的性质

《尹湾汉墓简牍》是否如朱绍侯先生所论证的是西汉东海郡非常时期的档案材料 ,还有进一步商讨的必要。我们认为尹湾简牍对于西汉历史研究更多的还是资料的补充和佐证 ,是具有一定普遍意义的     

“Religious Violence as Modern Myth”

Abstract

In this essay the author summarizes the argument of his book entitled The Myth of Religious Violence, whose main contention is that there is no reason to suppose that people are more likely to kill for a god than for a whole other host of “secular” ideologies and practices that behave in the way that “religions” do. The author then goes on to respond to various critiques that have been made of the book since its appearance in 2009.     

智能手机定位数据应用于城市研究的进展与展望

移动信息时代与大数据时代的到来,促使城市研究方法趋于多元化。随着智能手机出现和手机功能不断发展,手机普及率大大提高,基于位置服务应用的智能手机数据成为最具研究意义的大数据来源之一,为智慧城市建设和城市问题的研究提供了新的思路与方法。本文对该数据特征和以往其应用于城市研究领域的方法进行了总结;结合该数据特征和智慧城市研究领域,从城市居民行为研究、城市空间结构研究、城市生态环境研究和城市管治四个方面介绍了智能手机定位数据在城市研究中的应用。文章的最后对手机定位数据在城市研究中的应用前景进行了探讨,并强调手机定位数据研究应与规划实践相结合。     

斗鸡台瓦鬲形制分析方法的再研究

苏秉琦先生对斗鸡台瓦鬲形制的分析,学术界公认为是中国考古学早期类型学研究的经典之作。然而这些方法在处理大批量样本时,有些并不十分实用。在本文中,作者认为考古类型学研究应该进行量化改进。基于这种认识,作者运用了相关分析和两步聚类法等统计学方法探讨了斗鸡台瓦鬲的形制,并修正了过去的一些方法和结论。     

THE GEOGRAPHICAL BASIS FOR DIFFERENTIATING THE SIZE OF FARMS

On the theory that optimization of farm size may enhance agricultural productivity, the author uses a game—theoretic model to find a solution for optimal farm size among the collective farms of Irkutsk Oblast. A game matrix, in which the players are the environment, using the strategies of a series of physical zones of agricultural production, and society, using the strategies of alternative farm sizes, yields a combination of farm sizes that would enhance total farm production in Irkutsk Oblast by 5 percent. The author notes that even greater improvements might be achieved in bringing types of farming more into line with physical and economic conditions of particular regions.     

世界历史、英国学派与国际关系理论

针对当前西方国际关系理论在解释现实和预测未来上的混乱和无力,作者提出理解过去成为重构国际关系研究的前提;并且在介绍和评论沃尔兹、吉尔平等为代表的现实主义世界史观和沃勒斯坦世界史观的联系与区别之后,对世界历史中国际力量的结构提出了新的证据,尤其着重介绍了英国学派国际体系和国际社会概念的缘起、演化及理论家们的批判。虽然本文作者即是当前英国学派的代表人物之一,但他并不避讳英国学派在理论上的缺憾,指出巴里·布赞构建在没有共同文化的条件下国际体系也可以转化为国际社会理论框架同时,关闭了一个布尔曾经试图打开的空间。作者认为在解读国际社会的世界历史方面还有很多课题需要深入探讨。     

Changing geographies of governance and group identities in the Middle Ages: the role of societal interaction and conflict

In this paper the author explores processes associated with two of the major changes which affected medieval societies, namely the changes in governance linked to the state-making process and the increased definition of group senses of identity. Drawing on empirical evidence from Wales between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries, the paper focuses on the role of societal interaction and conflict (in its widest sense) in promoting these changes. In the context of the state-making process, the author suggests that we should explore the uneven geographies of distributive and collective power that exist at the interface between two societies and which lead to changes in methods of governance within the lesser developed society. With respect to group senses of identity, the author stresses the need to explore the role of processes of othering that were occurring during the period. The author then continues to present a modified version of the argument which is more attuned to the complex political geographies of the medieval period. The paper concludes by arguing that much may be gained from a more theoretical conceptualisation of the processes of societal interaction that led to changes in governance and group senses of identity in the Middle Ages.     

On Physical-Geographic Regionalization and the Regionalization of Natural Resources

The author finds conventional physical-geographic regionalization inadequate for economic-geographic purposes, and proposes instead a “natural regionalization” or regionalization of natural resources. Such a regionalization would reflect the economic assessment of the natural environment of a given area and would be more appropriate in economic-geographic research. The principles underlying natural-resource regionalization are illustrated with a regional scheme for the Sudan, an area to which the author has devoted special study.     

The Basis of China's Pro‐Palestine Stance and the Current Status of its Implementation

This article is built upon the author's previous attempt to review Sino–Israel relations from the Chinese perspective, where it is argued that the relationship is at a crossroads because China is increasingly more proactively involved in the international arena, which will inevitably lead to a more assertive role in trying to facilitate a solution to the Israel–Palestinian conflicts. The author also affirmed that China is more supportive of the Palestinians. In this article, the author will further analyze China's pro‐Palestine stance, give empirical evidence of this preference by Chinese intelligentsia, and provide insight into the decision‐making mechanisms of the Chinese government in terms of its diplomatic policies. The author also wants to demonstrate that, despite the evident pro‐Palestine tendency of Chinese scholars and consequently the government, little has been done to implement this preference. The Israelis still have a sizable time window to achieve a fair and just peace agreement with the Palestinians. In the long run, China's pro‐Palestine inclination will work more and more against Israel, in contrast to the strong pro‐Israel inclination of the United States.     

Conflicts in the Caucasus and Their Resolution: A Framing Essay

An essay by an experienced scholar-practitioner of conflict resolution in the Caucasus examines the narratives of the interlocking conflicts involving Georgia. The author argues that more complex narratives are necessary for forging constructive paths toward conflict resolution. After outlining the stereotypical arguments presented by the different sides, the author urges a multi-track diplomacy that creates opportunities for the development of more complex narratives. Research, whether by conflict insiders or by external investigators, is presented as a potential contributor to the larger peace processes. In addition to comments on the three preceding articles in the symposium published in Eurasian Geography and Economics, the paper highlights the utility in understanding local context and complexities in order to create more inclusive and complex narratives that can support confidence-building activities and eventual progress on outstanding issues plaguing the conflict-affected populations in the region. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F510, H560, H770, O180. 11 references.     

脆弱生态旅游区的先遣军——关于生态旅游者和背包旅游者的比较研究

中国的生态旅游当前仍处在市场培养和自身建设薄弱的阶段,只有依靠严格自律的真正生态旅游者,才能避免生态脆弱地区的环境恶化。目前对生态旅游者的概念含混不清,大多扩大了生态旅游者的内涵,有悖生态旅游者的本质特征。本文从对生态旅游者的研究出发,找寻中国生态脆弱区发展生态旅游最适合的人群。在文献分析、二手调查资料和实地调研的基础上,通过比较分析背包旅游者和生态旅游者的动机和行为,论证了两者的高度契合,推导出背包旅游者应当是中国当前脆弱生态旅游区的先遣军。     

An Introductory Lecture to First-Year Geography Students

The author describes a lecture in which he attempted to introduce new Moscow University students to geography. He stressed that geography had reached a turning point toward a more constructive approach, with greater practical applications, and he said that the new approach also required a new content and new methods, which are still being resisted by conservatives.     

试论宋朝的羁縻州管理

本文比较了唐宋两朝时羁席州管理的同异,认为宋朝羁腐州的管理总体上趋向于灵活和宽松,其原因主要与宋朝一贯的文治政策有关。指出：宽松的羁廉政策,虽然在客观上对稳定边疆社会、发展边疆经济有一定好处,但宽松过度,却又使宋朝丧失了沿边羁康地区的边防藩篱作用。     

康熙皇帝肖像画及相关问题

帝后像是清代宫廷绘画中的主要组成部分,但并没有得到国内美术史界的重视。笔者希望通过对康熙帝肖像画相关问题的探究.引起更多的学人对清代帝后像加以关注。本文是在整理故宫博物院现藏的康熙帝肖像画的基础上,运用文献资料,初步对史籍中记载的这些画作的绘制者加以考辨。进一步勾勒出清初宫廷画家进行创作的工作程序。此外,借助梳理御制诗文,指出康熙帝对绘画的淡漠态度。揭示了其肖像画数量不多的原因.并探求了其行乐图极少的缘由。文中指出康熙帝肖像画受西方绘画的影响实则微乎其微,而且康熙时期的帝后肖像画创作既是清代宫廷肖像画的转型期又是定型期。     

The urban and the rural in Puno,highland Peru

This article describes and analyzes important aspects of the relationship between the urban and the rural in the south of the Peruvian department of Puno. The author argues that the assumed arbitrariness of the border between the countryside and the city, between the urban and the rural, is extremely widespread and that Andean peasant communities are undergoing more and more integrating processes at different levels which, rather than determining the disintegration of these communities, are resulting in their redefinition. Kinship networks create flows that include people within much broader contexts than in the past, and both cities and peasant communities can be seen to exist within forms of modernity that do not necessarily correspond to Euro-American patterns.     

统计视角下的旅游业思考

从统计视角来界定旅游概念是旅游研究中达成共识的一种可行选择。本文以统计为视角,对旅游的基本概念进行了分析并对这一概念的优缺点进行了说明。然后从中国旅游统计的基本情况、主要特点、面临的困难、旅游卫星账户以及中国旅游统计发展的大体思路等几个方面对中国旅游业的测度进行了阐释。最后,从统计视角出发,对旅游研究中的一些错误观点进行了纠正。     

The disturbance and endurance of norms in ASEAN: peaceful but stressful

Since the Cold War, South-East Asia has been marked by a period of relative calm and stability. Yet this peace belies ongoing tensions, mistrust and stress in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and among its member states. Within the scholarship on ASEAN, not enough attention is devoted to these underlying currents. How and in what way do tensions stress the ASEAN norms? What are some of the coping mechanisms adopted by ASEAN and its member states? Engaging with the scholarship on norms, the author contends that changes wrought in this relationship are both extra- and intra-mural. These have accelerated as contentious issues—particularly the South China Sea disputes—gain more visibility. The author argues that ASEAN is put under pressure, firstly, through a more muscular Chinese foreign policy that disrupts but does not yet break the fundamental norms of ASEAN and, secondly, through internal contestation over ASEAN norms that challenges the meaning of these norms. Essentially, the article gives an account of how internal and external pressures are burdening ASEAN norms but yet remain durable because of resistance against duress by the bloc and member states. This is done through an examination of instances where the established order and practices in the region were disturbed, and the response to this disturbance.