丽文蛤在推断绳文时期贝类采集季节中的作用

软体动物的生长线对于重建史前人类采集贝类的季节具有十分重要的作用,因而对贝壳日生长线和年生长纹的精确识别是非常必要的。对于推测狩猎采集的季节来说,根据物种的生长史来直接推算动物的死亡季节是一种令人信服的方法。Courts和Higham（1971年）曾利用贝壳生长线重建了采自潮间带的双壳贝类Chione stutchburyi（雪蛤的一种）的生长季节,     

从史前玉器解读中华文明起源信息

考古发掘获得的遗迹、遗物是探索文明起源信息的第一手材料。史前玉器的发现与研究,是探求中华文明起源的重要线索。史前玉器在红山文化、良渚文化等文化中极为发达,传达出了重要的社会信息。本文拟以史前玉器为研究对象,通过对史前玉器的制作技术、文化与社会背景等方面的研究,探讨史前玉器所表现出的文明因素,分析史前玉器所传达出的史前社会生产力与生产关系的信息。     

《史前乐舞祭仪与原始的体育娱乐》

中国史前的乐舞艺术。是史前人类体育文化原始娱乐形态的表现形式之一。根据考古发现的资料和相关的研究。史前的乐舞艺术见之于史前人类的生产劳动、生殖崇拜、宗教祭仪以及史前战争等人类生活形态中。     

山东新石器时代环境考古信息及其与文化的关系

本文通过对鲁中南山前平原西部９处史前文化遗址动植物遗存的综合分析,获得了有价值的史前环境信息。作者还根据史前遗址的分布复原了史前海岸线与鲁西地貌;介绍了对胶东半岛贝丘软体动物的研究状况;并对上述史前环境信息与文化的关系作了探讨。     

浅议史前人口数量分析的理论与方法

史前人口的统计与分析是复原史前社会发展进程的一个重要因素,随着考古学理论与方法的不断发展与深入,史前人口统计分析的实践也越来越多,文章对国内外史前人口统计的理论与实践方法进行了分析和梳理,试图找到适合中国史前人口数量分析的具体方法。     

新疆史前时期考古学研究现状

新疆史前时期考古学的研究,已经取得一批丰富的考古材料和科研成果。本文尝试概括1949年以来新疆史前时期考古学研究,进行一个研究历程的文献综述。就新疆史前时期的考古学研究文献进行梳理,具体考察新疆史前时期的考古学研究成果。试图了解当前新疆史前时期考古学研究的现状、特点,对未来的研究工作提出建议和展望。     

长江流域史前古城的初步研究

一长江流域现已发现的史前城址（一）长江中游的史前城址长江中游现已发现的史前城址主要有湖南澧县城头山、湖北石首市走马岭、江陵阴湘城、荆门马家垸、天门石家河等。据报道湖南澧县鸡叫城,也是一座史前古城。据悉,长江中游地区现已发现的史前城址还有四、五座［１］...     

中国史前防御设施纵谈

中国史前防御设施纵谈马雨林随着史前遗址的不断发现,近几年来,史前聚落考古的研究获得了很大进展,这就为探讨史前聚落的一种特殊形式———防御聚落,提供了必要的条件,笔者在此想谈谈自己的一点看法。一史前聚落防御设施的产生,既是人们在长期生产活动中受周围环境...     

EeePC贝壳机再掀时尚风

继推出集轻薄外观和超长续航力为一体的EeePC贝壳机系列1005HA、1008HA之后,近日,华硕又推出一款EeePC贝壳机1001HA,延续贝壳机系列独有的美学造诣与功能性,并加入了菱格纹质感,让贝壳机更增对尚气息。     

浙江的史前文化

距今六七千年的河姆渡文化和距今四五千年的良渚文化是浙江史前文化的一头一尾,遗存非常丰富,被誉为浙江史前文化的“两朵花”,亦有人称之为浙江史前文化的“双璧”。     

Deposition of annual growth lines in the apex of the common limpet (Patella vulgata) from Shetland Islands,UK and Norway: Evidence from field marking and shell mineral content of annual line deposition

The abundance, accessibility and value of limpets as a source of food and bait for coastal peoples have resulted in their high frequency in shell middens worldwide. The limpet Patella vulgata is found in middens from the Mediterranean to Norway, and morphometric and sclerochronological analyses of its shell can provide insight into harvesting patterns and paleoenvironmental variables valuable in reconstructing climate. Previous work with P. vulgata has relied on lines on the exterior of the shell, or on lines exiting on the shell surface in shell cross-section, as annual or sub-annual markers. Shell damage may compromise these lines and limit the use of some shells, but growth lines are also found in the better-preserved shell apex. We investigated whether the growth lines in the apex of P. vulgata from two locations in Northern Europe are annual using calcein-marking and recapture. Investigations were performed at one site in the Shetland Islands (UK) and at one site at the northern limit of P. vulgata's range in Northern Norway. We also used laser ablation to measure the concentration of minerals in the shells of two individuals from Shetland to determine if patterns of minerals suggested as bioproxies for temperature and productivity varied annually. All individuals deposited one growth line in the apex during their year in the field, and the lowest ratios of Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca and to a lesser extent Mg/Ca were coincident with annual lines on the shells from Shetland. Growth at both sites was modelled using the von Bertalanffy growth function, and apex growth was nearly five times faster in Shetland than in Norway, probably a result of differences in temperature between the two locations.     

长江三角洲的史前环境

本文系统论述了晚更新世末期以来至有文字记录的历史之前长江三角洲地区的环境和史前文化的互动关系。     

半个世纪以来的中国史前史研究(下篇)

文章总结了中国史前考古学的研究成果,并对中国史前史的发展历程进行了系统的阐述。     

珠海澳门近年出土水晶、玉器试析

近年来在珠海、澳门地区的考古发掘中出土了几批水晶器、玉器,本文就这些材料进行了比较研究,认为这些水晶器、玉器为探讨环珠江口史前文化与长江流域乃至中原地区的古代文化之间的关系提供了珍贵的实物佐证。     

一脉相承的邳州民间艺术——彩陶、汉画像石和农民画

从史前的彩陶到汉代的画像石,直至当今的农民画,邳间民间工艺始终散发着浓郁的乡土气息,生机勃勃。     

Seasonal dating and the valve-pairing technique in shell-midden analysis

Three-dimensional excavation of 23 artifact fragments and 4382 shells was carried out in the shell layer of an abandoned dwelling pit. Principal component analysis using three locational variables was used for drawing the central axes and the regression plane of the shell layer. Valve-pairing carried out on the clam Meretrix lusoria indicated that 380 pairs could be established among a total of 2089 unbroken valves. Preservation of shells was estimated at 70% by comparing the number of shells found in the shell layer with the clam population size which was in turn calculated by a probability formula using paired valves among samples. In addition to these data, the distance separating pairs gave some idea of the movement of shells. Seasonal dating by daily growth line counting showed that the shell layer could be subdivided into at least three main seasonal layers and that the period of accumulation was approximately 500 days.     

Stone Age midden deposition assessed by bivalve sclerochronology and radiocarbon wiggle-matching of Arctica islandica shell increments

Sclerochronology, the study of the skeletal diaries of mollusks and corals, is a high-resolution geochronological tool of versatile usage in archaeology and paleontology with increasingly growing opportunities. Much of the recent efforts have concentrated on building multi-centennial bivalve growth records using annually deposited increments in the Holocene shells, comparable to tree-ring chronologies. In the context of geoarchaeology, the hitherto unachieved potential includes the application of sclerochronology to reconstruct long-term settlement histories. Here we contribute to both of these critical issues by presenting the first multi-shell sclerochronology constrained by methods originally developed in tree-ring research, using anthropogenically deposited bivalve shells of Arctica islandica excavated from a Stone Age midden in North Norway. Our systematic chronological approach to shell growth histories lays the foundation for a multi-dimensional dating framework that interacts between the incremental, radioisotopic and stratigraphic evidence. We show how the crossdating within and between the single-shell records yields a 155-year multi-shell sclerochronology, supported by the ¹⁴C AMS dates, that demonstrates minimum midden accumulation of 82 years and a depositional rate of 0.3 cm/yr. Sclerochronology paves the way for radiocarbon wiggle-matching, which narrows the probabilistic 2-σ uncertainty range for the oldest and youngest ¹⁴C AMS dates to 3150–2980 and 3060–2890 BC, respectively. We attribute the spectral characteristics of the chronology primarily to the North Atlantic Oscillation, suggesting essentially similar influences of climate variability on the Stone Age culture and our own society.     

论江汉地区二例相关的史前陶文

阴湘城和石家河古城是江汉地区两个著名的史前时代的古城。最近,在这两个古城遗址的发掘中发现了两例相似的陶文。作者对这两例陶文进行了考释,认为它们是“荆”字最初的写法。他进一步认为“荆”是距今4000-5000年前生活在江汉地区的一个远古部落的名称,而荆州也因此而得名。     

The effect of variation in methodology on the outcome of osteoarthritic studies

There is a great deal of variability in how osteoarthritis is scored and analysed. This paper compares several commonly used techniques of data presentation and analysis, using a prehistorical skeletal sample from the southeastern USA. It finds that these methodologies result in greatly different outcomes, not only in the overall frequencies of lesions, but also in the statistical findings and in which joints apparently have the most arthritis. It is unlikely that a consensus will quickly develop on how to deal with osteoarthritic lesions, owing to widespread disagreements on even such basics as scoring. In the interim, the best way to ensure comparability of studies is to present the most complete and least manipulated data possible, along with easy-to-interpret summary scores.     

史前基本婚制与中国十二属相史探

通过对澳洲婚级制的研究,揭示史前基本婚制发展的三种历史形态：二辈制族内婚、二辈制族外婚、三辈制族外婚。进而通过对中国民俗十二属相的研究及若干历史资料的发掘,揭示从四大属相到八大属相再到十二属相各阶段的中国十二属相简史。