Two Surveys of Islamic Civilization

Book reviewed in this article: The Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam: Rudolph Peters The Last Great Muslim Empires: History of the Muslim World: Hans J. Kissling et al     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Hudson, Ray & Lewis, Jim (Eds.), Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State. A. Williams (Ed.), Southern Europe Transformed. Political and economic change in Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. Neil Smith , Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space. R.J. Johnston and P.J. Taylor , (Eds.) A World in Crisis? James Anderson (ed.) The Rise of the Modern State.     

Jihadism au rebours: Orientalism and Occidentalism for a Counter‐Hegemonic Liberation Theology

Following its colonial project, Western Europe imposed a political and cultural understanding of state nationalism and religious homogeneity on the entire world in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In parallel with this twofold process, “Religious Nationalism” emerged during the Cold War, affecting the Middle East and framing an updated Abrahamic version of religious supremacism: Wahhabi Islam, the Iranian Revolution, and Israeli Orthodox Judaism were politically backed, becoming the frontrunners of a new Global‐Religious narrative of conflict. This article aims to critically analyse the Western‐Islamic manipulation of “Jihadism” as an artificial and fabricated product, starting from the “deconstruction” of Jihad–Jihadism as an anti‐hegemonic narrative. The anti‐colonial “Islamic” framework of resistance to the Empire (United States) has effectively adopted the same colonial methodology: using violence and sectarianism in trying to reach its goals. Is the Islamic Supremacist “narrative” more influenced by Western thought than by a real understanding of Islam? At the same time, this article aims to stress the historical reasons why the Arab world has been artificially affected by a peculiar form of “Religious Revanchism” which can be understood only if O. Roy's Holy Ignorance dialogues with Steve Biko's Consciousness in emphasising the need for an updated Islamic Liberation Theology.     

Book Notes

Books reviewed in this article: Judith Wagner DeCew, In Pursuit of Privacy: Law, Ethics, and the Rise of Technology. Peter DeLeon, Democracy and the Policy Sciences. Herbert Inhaber, Why Energy Conservation Fails. Sheila Jasanoff, Science at the Bar: Law, Science, and Technology in America. Marick F. Masters, Unions at the Crossroads: Strategic Membership, Financial, and Political Perspectives. Susan E. Mayer, What Money Can't Buy: Family Income and Children's Life Chances. Pietro S. Nivola (Ed.), Comparative Disadvantages? Social Regulations and the Global Economy. Sudhir Chella Rajan, The Enigma of Automobility:Democratic Politics and Pollution Control. Paul M. Sniderman and Edward G. Carmines, Reaching Beyond Race. Elliott White (Ed.), Intelligence, Political Inequality, and Public Policy. Robet H. Wilson (Ed.), Public Policy and Community: Activism and Governance in Texas.     

Books received

Twixt Sirdar and Menelik. An Account of a year's expedition from Zeila to Cairo through unknown Abyssinia. By the late Captain M. S. Wellby, 18th Hussars. London and New York : Harper Brothers, 1901. 65 Illustrations. Price 16s.

The West African Year‐Book, 1901. London : The West African Publishing Syndicate, Limited. Pp. xiv + 306. Price 5s. net.

The Malvern Country. By Bertram C. A. Windle, D.Sc., F.R.S., P.S.A. Illustrated by Edmund H. New. London : Methuen and Co., 1901. Pp. 236. Price, cloth, 3s.

The Delagoa Directory for 1901. Lourenço Marques: A. W. Bayly and Co. Pp. 100. Price 2s. 6d.

A Guide to Chamonix and the Bange of Mont Blanc. By. Ed. Whymper.

A Guide to Zermatt and the Matterhorn. By Ed. Whtmper. London: John Murray. Geneva : Henry Kündig, 1901.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article: Masahisa Fujita and Jacques‐François Thisse, Economics of Agglomeration: Cities, Industrial Location, and Regional Growth Timothy J. Bartik, Jobs for the Poor: Can Labor Policies Help? Miriam Solomon, Social Empiricism Nicole Pohl, Mobility in Space and Time: Challenges to the Theory of International Economics Steven Brakman, Harry Garretsen, and Charles van Marrewijk, An Introduction to Geographical Economics: Trade, Location and Growth Bruce A. Weber, Greg J. Duncan, and Leslie A. Whitener (eds.), Rural Dimensions of Welfare Reform Wallace E. Oates (ed.), Property Taxation and Local Government Finance: Essays in Honor of C. Lowell Harris Maryann P. Feldman and Nadine Massard (eds.), Institutions and Systems in the Geography of Innovation Dengjian Jim, The Dynamics of Knowledge Regimes: Technology, Culture and Competitiveness in the USA and Japan Harvey J. Miller and Jiawei Han (eds.), Geographic Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Anna Nagurney and June Dong, Supernetworks: Decision‐Making for the Information Age Stuart McCook, States of Nature: Science, Agriculture, and Environment in the Spanish Caribbean, 1760‐1940 Philip Scranton (ed.), The Second Wave: Southern Industrialization from the 1940's to the 1970's Stephen Haycox, Frigid Embrace: Politics, Economics, and Environment in Alaska Kathleen Ann Pickering, Lakota Culture, World Economy Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), OECD Territorial Reviews: Hungary Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), OECD Territorial Reviews: Italy Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), OECD Territorial Reviews: Bergamo, Italy Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), OECD Territorial Reviews: Teruel, Spain Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD), OECD Territorial Reviews: The Valencian Central Districts, Spain Jaakko Suvantola, Tourist's Experience of Place     

IN THE FOLDS OF TIME: RASHĪD AL‐DĪN ON THEORIES OF HISTORICITY

By focusing on Rashīd al‐Dīn's (d. 718/1318) historiographical oeuvre and here in particular his “History of the World,” this article challenges the usual approach to his Jāmi? al‐tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles) and argues that his was a deeply pluralistic enterprise in a world with many centers, tremendous demographic change, high social mobility, and constantly shifting truth‐claims in an ever expanding cosmos, to which Rashīd al‐Dīn's method, language, and the shape of his history were perfectly adaptable. This article introduces the notion of “parallel pasts” to account for Rashīd al‐Dīn's method. By placing the Jāmi? al‐tawārīkh and its author in their historical and intellectual context, this article also argues that this method is not restricted to Rashīd al‐Dīn's historiography: His historiographical work ought to be seen as part of his larger theological and philosophical oeuvre into which the author placed it consciously and explicitly, an oeuvre that is, like Rashīd al‐Dīn's historiography, pluralist at heart, and that could be as easily classified as “theology” or “philosophy” as “historiography.”     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The Skuldelev Ships I: Topography, Archaeology, History, Conservation and Display (Ships and Boats of the North: 4.1), OLE CRUMLIN‐PEDERSEN, OLAF OLSEN (Eds) III‐starred Captains—Flinders and Baudin, ANTHONY J. BROWN Facing the Ocean. The Atlantic and its Peoples, 8000 BC‐AD 1500, BARRY CUNLIFFE Archaeology and Seafaring: the Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period (ICHR Monograph 1), HAMINSHU PRABHA RAY The Sea in Antiquity (BAR International Series 899), G. J. OLIVER, R. BROCK, T. J. CORNELL, S. HODKINSON (Eds) Lost Warships: an archaeological tour of war at sea, JAMES P. DELGADO ‘A ship cast away about Alderney’—Investigation of an Elizabethan shipwreck, JASON MONAGHAN and, MENSUN BOUND (Eds) Archeologisch onderzoek in het tracé van Willemsspoortunnel te Rotterdam. Sluizen en schepen in de dam van de Rotte (BOO Rbalans 4, 2 vols), M. van TRIERUM, A. CARMIGGELT, A. J. GUIRAN (Eds) Schutz des Kulturerbes unter Wasser (IKUWA conference 1999 proceedings), CHRISTOPHER BÖRKER et al. (Eds) Construzione navale antica, PIER0 DELL'AMICO The Voyages of the Discovery: the illustrated history of Scott's ship, ANN SAVOURS Chicago Maritime: An Illustrated History, DAVID M. YOUNG Deux siècles de constructions et chantiers navals (milieu XVIIe‐milieu XIXe) Proceedings of 124th Congrès des societés historiques et scientifiques, Nantes 1999), CHRISTIANE VILLAIN‐GANDOSSI (Ed.) Submarine Researches by C. A. Deane (1836), MICHAEL FARDELL & NIGEL PHILLIPS (Eds.), JOHN BEVAN Naval Guns: 500 years of Ship and Coastal Artillery, HANS MEHL Lords of the East—the East India Company and its ships 1600–1874, JEAN SUTTON CSS Alabama: Anatomy of a Confederate raider, ANDREW BOWCOCK The extraordinary voyage of Pytheas the Greek, BARRY CUNLIFFE Trincomalee— the last of Nelson's frigates, ANDREW LAMBERT Galleons and Galleys (Cassel's History of Warfare Series), JOHN F. GUIIMARTIN Jr.     

Arab commentaries on the Iranian revolution

Muhammad as‐Sa^cid ^cAbd al‐Mu'min: Mas'ala ath‐Thawra al‐Iraniyya (The Case of the Iranian Revolution), Cairo, 1981.

Sami Dhabiyan: Iran wa al‐Khumayni: Muntalaqat ath‐Thawra wa Hudud at‐Taghyir (Iran and Khomeini: The Foundations of the Revolution and the Limits of Change), Beirut, 1979.

Ibrahim ad‐Dissuqi Shita: ath‐Thawra al‐Iraniyya: al‐Judhur‐ al‐Idilujiyya (The Iranian Revolution: The Roots‐the Ideology), Beirut, 1979.

Talal Majdhub: Iran: Min ath‐Thawra ad‐Dusturiyya hatta ath‐Thawra al‐Islamiyya (Iran: From the Constitutional Revolution to the Islamic Revolution), Beirut, 1980.

Mahmud an Najjar: ath‐Thawra al‐Iraniyya wa Ihtimalat al‐Khatar fi al‐Khalij (The Iranian Revolution and the Possibilities of Danger in the Gulf), Beirut, 1980.     

Historical works relating to the Qajar era published in Iran, 1996–2001

Historical Works Relating to the Qajar Era Published in Iran, 1996–2001

Mabani‐yi nazari‐yi hukūmat‐i mashrūtah va mashrū'ah, bih inzimam‐i rasa'il‐i ‘ulama‐yi muvafig va mukhalif‐i mashrūtah, Husayn Abadian. Tehran: Nashr‐i nay, 1374/1995, no ISBN.

Majlis va intikhabat az mashrūtah ta payan‐i Qajariyah, Mansoureh Ettehadieh, (Nezam Mafi). Tehran: Nashr‐i tarikh‐i Iran, 1375/1996. ISBN 964–6082–02–5.

Rūznameh‐i khatirat‐i Ghulam ‘Ati Khan ‘Aziz al‐Sultan, (Malijak), 4 vols., ed. Muhsin Mirza'i, Tehran: Intisharat‐i zaiyab, 1376/1997. ISBN 964–6339–04–2.

Isti'mar‐i Britaniya va mas'ala‐i Arvand Rūd, Firuz Mansuri. Tehran: Mu'assasa‐i mutali'at‐i tarikh‐i mu'asir‐i Iran, 1376/1997, no ISBN.

Asnad‐i ‘Abd al‐Mahhab Khan Asif al‐Dawla, 2 vols., ed. ‘Abd al‐Husayn Nava'i and Nilufar Kasri, Tehran: Mu'assasa‐i mutali'at‐i tarikh‐i mu'asir‐i Iran, 1377 /1998. ISBN 964–6357–13‐X.

Rūznameh'i khatirat‐i Sharaf al‐Dawla, Mirza Ebrahim Khan‐i kalantari‐yi Baghmisheh, ed. Yahya Zoka. Tehran: Intisharat‐i fikr‐i ruz, 1377/1998. ISBN 964–5838–80–0.

Inja Tihran ast: Majmū'a‐i maqalati dar‐bareh‐yi Tihran, 1269–1344 HQ (1852–1925), Mansoureh Ettehadieh (Nezam Mafi), Tehran: Nashr‐i tarikh‐i Iran, 1377/1998. ISBN 964–6082–07–6.

Az mashrūtah ta jumhūri: Nigahi bih advar‐i Majlis‐i qanūnguzari dar dawran‐i mashrūfiyat, Yunes Morvarid, 2 vols. Tehran: Nashr‐i ahadi, 1377/1998. ISBN 964–6376–08–8.

Hujūm‐i Rūs va iqdamat‐i ru'asa‐yi din bara‐yi hifz‐i Iran, Sayyid Hasan Nizam al‐Din, ed. Nasrallah Salihizadeh. Tehran: Shirazeh, 1377/1998. ISBN 964–6578–13‐X.

Asnad‐i Pūst va Telegraf va Telefun dar Dawra‐i Riza Shah, ed. Marziyeh Yazdani. Tehran: Sazman‐i asnad‐i milli, 1378/1999. ISBN 964–6189–27‐X.

Zindagani‐yi siyasi‐yi Nasir al‐Mulk, Ramin Yalfani. Tehran: Mu'assasa‐i mutala'at‐i tarikh‐i mu'asir‐i Iran, 1376/1998. ISBN 964–6357–02–4.

Nusrat al‐Dawla, Majmū'a‐i mukatabat, asnad, khatirat‐i Firūz Mirza Firūz, ed. Mansoureh Ettehadieh, (Nezam Mafi), and So'ad Pira. Tehran: Ketab‐i siyamak, Nashr‐i tarikh‐i Iran, 1378/1999. ISBN 964–6141–27–7.

Zindagani‐yi siyasi, sūrat‐i jalisat, mukatabat va murasalat, Riza Quli Khan Nizam al Saltana, ed. Mansoureh Ettehadieh, 3 vols. Tehran: Ketab‐i siyamak, Nashr‐i tarikh‐i Iran, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–6141–27–7(vol. 1), 964–6141–34‐X (vol. 2), 964–6141–35–8 (vol. 3).

Chalish‐i sunnat va moderniteh dar Iran, az mashrūtah ta 1320 S., Muhammad Salari Kasrai. Tehran: Nashr‐i markaz, 1379/ 2000. ISBN 964–305–543–4.

Nameh‐ha‐i az Tabriz az Siqat al‐Islam bih Mustashar al‐Dawla dar rūzegar‐i mashrūtiyat, ed. Iraj Afshar. Tehran: Nashr‐i pazhuhish‐i farzan‐i ruz, 1378/1999. ISBN 964–6138–47–0.

Asnadi az madaris‐i dukhtaran az mashrūtah ta Pahlavi, ed. Soheila Torabi Farsani. Tehran: Sazman‐i asnad‐i milli, 1378/1999. ISBN 964–6189–31–8.

Dar takapū‐yi taj va takht: Asnad‐i Abū'l‐Fath Mirza Salar al‐Dawla Qajar, ed. Riza Azari. Tehran: Sazman‐i asnad‐i milli, 1378/ 1999. ISBN 964–6189–34–2.

Tahavvulat‐i farhangi‐yi Iran dar dawra‐i Qajariya va madrasa‐i Dar al‐Funūn. Tehran: Mu'asassa‐i jughrafiya'i va kartugrafi'a‐yi Sahab, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–6556–29–9.

Mashahir‐i matbū'at‐i Iran: I'timad al‐Saltana, Sayyid Farid Qasimi, vol. 1. Tehran: Sazman‐i ‘hap va intisharat‐i Vizarat‐i Farhang va Irshad‐i Islami, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–422–195‐X.

Sūr‐i Israfil va ‘Ati Akbar‐i Dihkhuda: yak barrasi‐yi tarikhi va adabi, Kamyar ‘Abidi. Tehran: Kitab‐i nadir, 1379/ 2000. ISBN 964–92557–6–1.

Ravabit‐i siyasi‐i iqti?adi‐yi Iran va Alman bayn‐i dū jang, Fatemeh Pira, Tehran: Markaz‐i asnad‐i inqilab‐i Islami, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–6196–83–7.

Marja'iyat dar ‘arsah‐yi ijtima'i va siyasat: Asnad va guzarish‐ha'i az Ayat‐i A'zam Na'ini, Isfahani, Qumi, Ha'iri va Burūjirdi, 1292 S ‐1339 (1875–1920), ed. Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Manzur al‐Ajdad. Tehran: Shirazeh, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–6578–54–3

Yazd dar asnad‐i Amin al‐Zarb, ed. Dr Asghar Mahdavi and Iraj Afshar. Tehran: Farhang‐i Iran‐Zamin, 1380/ 2001. ISBN 964–5623–81–2.

Asnad‐i tijarat‐i Iran dar sal‐i 1287 gamari, ed. Asghar Mahdavi and Iraj Afshar. Tehran: Intisharat‐i ‘ilmi farhangi, 1380S/2001. ISBN 964–445–184–8.

Urumiyah dar muharaba‐i ‘alamsūz az muqaddima‐i Nisara ta Balva‐yi Isma'il Aqa, 1298–1300 Sh, Rahmatallah Mu'tamid al‐Vizara, ed. Kaveh Bayat. Tehran: Shirazeh, 1379S/ 2000. ISBN 964–6578–46–2.

Azarbayjan dar mawj khiz‐i tarikh: nigahi bih mabahis‐i milliyūn‐i Iran va jarayid‐i Bakū dar taghyir‐i nam‐i Aran bih Azarbayjan, 1296–1298 S, ed. Kaveh Bayat, Tehran: Shirazeh, 1379/2000. ISBN 964–6578–55–1.

Tarikh‐i rūznameh nigari‐yi Iranian va digar‐i parsi navisan, 2 vols. (Paydayish), (Buhran‐i azadi), Nasir al‐Din Parvin. Tehran: Markaz‐i nashr‐i danishgahi, 1377/1998, 1379/ 2000. ISBN 964–01–8156–0.

Nuzhat al‐akhbar: tarikh va jughrafiya‐yi Fars, Mirza Ja'far Khan Haqa'iq Nigar, ed. Sayyid ‘Ali Al‐i Davud. Tehran: Kitabkhaneh‐yi muzeh va markaz‐i asnad‐i Majlis‐i Shura‐yi Islami, 1380/ 2001. ISBN 964–422–218–0.

Khatirat va asnad‐i Muhammad ‘Ali Ghaffari: Tarikh‐i Ghaffari, volume 3, ed. Abbas Zare'i Mehrvarz. Tehran: Nashr‐i tarikh‐i Iran, 1380/ 2001. ISBN 964–6082–03–3.

Khatirat‐i Shaykh Ibrahim Zanjani: Sarguzasht‐i zindagani‐yi man, ed. Ghulam Husayn Mirza Salih. Tehran: Entesharat‐i kabir, 1380/ 2001. ISBN 964–6144–54–3.

Rūznameh‐yi khatirat‐i ‘Ayn al‐Saltana, Qahriman Mirza Salūr, ed. Mas'ud Salur and Iraj Afshar, 10 vols. Tehran: Asatir,1374–1380/ 1995–2001. ISBN 964–331–191–0.     

Reviews

The Bryggen Papers. Main Series, vol. 1. Oslo, (1985). ISBN 82–00–07289–4. 280 pp.

Saari, Heikki: Re‐enactment: A Study in R. G. Collingwood's Philosophy of History. (Acta Academia Aboensis. Ser. A, vol. 63,2. 1984). 141 pp.

Suomen taloushistoria 3. Historiallinen tilas to (The economic history of Finland 3. Historical statistics). Ed. by Kaarina Vattula. Helsinki, (1983). ISBN 951–30–5089–0. 470 pp.

Paasivirta, Juhani, Suomi ja Eurooppa 1914–1939 (Finland and Europe 1914–1939). Helsinki, (1984). ISBN 951–26–2588–1. 548 pp.     

REVIEWS

Elizabeth's Wars. War, Government and Society in Tudor England The Rule of Law, 1603‐1660. Crown, Courts and Judges. By James S. Hart Jr. Harlow The Crisis of 1614 and the Addled Parliament. Literary and Historical Perspectives. Edited by Stephen Clucas and Rosalind Davies (ed.) Proceedings of the Long Parliament. House of Commons. Volume 4: 19 April– 5June 1641. Edited by Maija Jansson. Rochester The Cult of King Charles the Martyr. By Andrew Lacey Puritan Iconoclasm during the English Civil War. By Julie Spraggon 1 John Morrill, ‘William Dowsing and the Administration of Iconoclasm in the Puritan Revolution’, in The Journal of William Dowsing Public Debt and the Birth of the Democratic State. France and Great Britain, 1688‐1789. By David Stasavage Palmerston and the Politics of Foreign Policy 1846‐1855. By David Brown Gladstone. By Michael Partridge The Letters of Arnold Stephenson Rowntree to Mary Katherine Rowntree, 1910‐1918. Edited by Ian Packer 1 George L. Bernstein, Liberalism and Liberal Politics in Edwardian England. 2 Elfrida Vipont, Arnold Roumtree. A Life (1955). 3 Among the memoirs published by Rowntree's Liberal contemporaries are F. A. Channing, Memories of Midland Politics, 1885‐1910 (1910); G. Leveson‐Gower, Years of Endeavour 1886‐1907 (1942); and R. Winfrey, Great Men and Others I Have Met (Kettering, 1943). 4 Odyssey of an Edwardian Liberal. The Political Diary of Richard Durning Holt, ed. David Dutton 5 Ian Packer, ‘Religion and the New Liberalism: The Rowntree Family, Quakerism, and Social Reform’, Journal of British Studies. The Scottish Labour Party. History, Institutions and Ideas. Edited by Gerry Hassan British Elections and Parties Review. Volume 11. Edited by Jonathan Tonge, Lynn Bennie, David Denver and Lisa Harrison Volume 12. Edited by Lynne Bennie, Colin Railings, Jonathan Tonge and Paul Webb Volume 13. Edited by Colin Railings, Roger Scully, Jonathan Tonge and Paul Webb     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: D. E. Luscombe : The School of Peter Abelard, The Influence of Abelard's Thought in the Early Scholastic Period. J. A. Watt : The Church and the Two Nations in Medieval Ireland. Marvin A. Breslow : A Mirror of England: English Puritan Views of Foreign Nations. 1618–1640. Charles H. O'Brein : Ideas of Religious Toleration at the Time of Joseph II: A Study of the Enlightenment among Catholics in Austria. Ian Breward : Godless Schools? A Study in Protestant Reactions to the Education Act of 1877. Harold E. Fey (Ed.): The Ecumenical Advance: A History of the Ecumenical Movement, Vol. II, 1948–1968.     

Scholarly Authority and Lay Mobilization: Yusuf al‐Qaradawi's vision of da‘wa, 1976‐1984

The late 1970s and early 1980s were a propitious yet challenging time for the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, as its elites sought to define the movement's priorities in the face of new opportunities to spread their call (da‘wa). The debate over preaching, while one of strategic assessment, also involved a negotiation of intellectual hierarchy: Should laymen lead Egypt's oldest Islamist organization, or should scholars? In contrast to previous studies that focus on how laymen led the Brotherhood's return to grassroots preaching, this article reintegrates scholars into the story of da‘wa by focusing on the organization's most prominent ‘ālim, Shaykh Yusuf al‐Qaradawi, and his vision of institution‐based preacher education and extra‐institutional activism. Drawing on three books written by Qaradawi on this topic between the mid‐1970s and early 1980s, this article casts lights not only on this Islamist scholar's claim to religious authority as he sought to mold the Brotherhood, but also on the ways in which projects of mass mobilization – whether grassroots preaching or the reform of state‐sponsored educational curricula – have transformed scholarly claims to authority more broadly.     

Marina Lewycka,A Short History of Tractors in Ukrainian

Abstract

Jim Wallis's The Call to Conversion features an apocalyptic theological imagination with an ecclesiological focus. The church is entrusted with the communal mission of making visible the intrusion of the reign of God in Jesus Christ. The thesis of this essay is that The Call to Conversion is a better resource for Christian political engagement than Wallis's more recent book, God's Politics, which is characterized by a turn toward a "public church" social ethic. The accent has shifted to the formation of a larger political movement seeking social change primarily through congressional lobbying. Wallis's error is the extent to which he has pinned his hopes on the institutions of American democracy. The Call to Conversion helps us recover an account of political engagement flowing from local ecclesial witness. Sheldon Wolin, Romand Coles, and other political theorists, provide support for approaches to political engagement that begin with local struggles for justice.     

Book reviews

Emilio Franzina (1995) Gli italiani al nuovo mondo; L'emigrazione italiana in America 1492‐1942 (Milan: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore), pp. 1‐644. 65,000 lire, ISBN 88‐04‐35977‐3.

Marta Petrusewicz (1996) Latifundium. Moral Economy and Material Life in a European Periphery, translated by Judith C. Green (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press), pp. i‐xx, 1‐289, ISBN 047‐2103423 hardback.

H. James Burgwyn (1997) Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, 1918‐1940 (Westport, Conn.: Praeger), pp. i‐xx, 1‐246, ISBN 0‐275‐94877‐3 hardback.

Lutz Klinkhammer (1997) Stragi naziste in Italia. La guerra contro i civili (1943‐44), translated by Suzanne Meyer (Rome: Donzelli), pp. i‐xii, 1‐165, 18,000 lire; Paolo Pezzino (1997) Anatomia di un massacro. Controversia sopra una strage tedesca (Bologna: Il Mulino), pp. 1‐243, 26,000 lire, paperback.

Mabel Berezin (1997) Making the Fascist Self: the Political Culture of Interwar Italy (Ithaca, NY, and London: Cornell University Press), pp. 1‐267, ISBN 0‐8014‐8420‐9 paperback; Simonetta Falasca‐Zamponi (1997) Fascist Spectacle: the Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy (Berkeley and London: University of California Press), pp. 1‐314, $40.00, ISBN 0‐520‐20623‐1 hardback.

David Ward (1996) Antifascisms: Cultural Politics in Italy, 1943‐46. Benedetto Croce and the Liberals, Carlo Levi and the ‘Actionists’ (Madison, NJ: Farteigh‐Dickinson University Press), pp. 1‐244, ISBN 0‐8363‐3676‐4.

David Forgacs and Robert Lumley (eds) (1996) Italian Cultural Studies: an Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 1‐368, $19.95, ISBN 0‐19‐871509‐9 paperback.

Maurizio Degl'lnnocenti (1995) La società unificata, Associazone, sindacato, partito sotto il fasdsmo (Manduria: Piero Lacaita Editore), pp. 1‐216, 25,000 lire, paperback.

Nello Ajello (1997) Illungo addio, intellettuali e PCI dal 1958 al 1991 (Rome‐Bari: Laterza), pp. 1‐425, 35,000 lire, ISBN 88‐420‐5323‐6.

Tom Behan (1997) The Camorra (London and New York: Routledge), pp. i‐vii, 1 ‐225, ISBN 0‐415‐09987‐0 hardback.

Sandro Setta (1995) La Destra ndl'Italia del dopoguerra (Bari: Laterza), pp. i‐xi, 1‐242, 35,000 lire, ISBN 88‐420‐4591‐8.

Manuela Gieri (1995) Contemporary Italian Filmmaking: Strategies of Subversion ‐Pirandello, Fellini, Scola and the Directors of the New Generation (Toronto: University of Toronto Press), pp. 1‐301, ISBN 0‐8020‐0556‐X hardback; ISBN 0‐8020‐6979‐7 paperback.     

Book reviews

Books reviewed: Bruce Russett and John R. Oneal, Triangulating peace: democracy, interdependence, and international organizations Robert M. A. Crawford and Darryl S. L. Jarvis, (eds.) International Relations: still an American social science? Toward diversity in international Thought Charlotte Hooper, Manly states: masculinities, International Relations, and gender politics Richard A. Falk, Human rights horizons: the pursuit of justice in a globalizing world Simon Caney and Peter Jones, (eds.) Human rights and global diversity Jean‐Marc Coicaud and Daniel Warner, (eds.) Ethics and international affairs: extent and limits Elazar Barkan, The guilt of nations: restitution and negotiating historical injustices Richard Little and Mark Wickham‐Jones, (eds.) New Labour's foreign policy: a new moral crusade? Robert L. Maddex, International encyclopedia of human rights: freedoms, abuses, and reform W. Andy Knight, (ed.) Adapting the United Nations to a post‐modern era: lessons learned Malcolm Dando, The new biological weapons: threat, proliferation, and control J. Cirincione, (ed.) Repairing the regime: preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruction Avery Goldstein, Deterrence and security in the twenty‐first century: China, Britain, France and the enduring legacy of the nuclear revolution I. William Zartman, (ed.) Preventive negotiation: avoiding conflict escalation Leon V. Sigal, Hang separately: cooperative security between the United States and Russia 1985‐1994 Cecilia Albin, Justice and fairness in international negotiation G. R. Berridge and Alan James, A dictionary of diplomacy Neal Lawson and Neil Sherlock, (eds.) The progressive century: the future of the centre‐left in Britain John Rentoul, Tony Blair: Prime Minister Bertrand Badie, The imported state: the Westernization of the political order Justin Lewis, Constructing public opinion: how political elites do what they like and why we seem to go along with it Catherine Eschle, Global democracy, social movements and feminism Catharin E. Dalpino, Deferring democracy: promoting openness in authoritarian regimes James G. McGann and R. Kent Weaver, Think‐tanks and civil societies Jim MacLaughlin, Reimagining the nation‐state: the contested terrains of nation‐building Justin Rosenberg, The follies of globalisation theory: polemical essays Allen J. Scott, Global city‐regions: trends, theory, policy Robert Gilpin, Global political economy: understanding the international economic order Rorden Wilkinson, Multilateralism and the World Trade Organization: the architecture and extension of international trade regulation Edward M. Graham., Fighting the wrong enemy: antiglobal activists and multinational enterprises John J. Kirton, Joseph P. Daniels and Andreas Freytag., (eds.) Guiding global order: Ggovernance in the twenty‐first century Mauro F. Guillén, The limits of convergence: globalization and organizational change in Argentina, South Korea, and Spain Neil Middleton and Phil O'Keefe, Redefining sustainable development Adrian Leftwich, States of development: on the primacy of politics in development Alex Danchev and Daniel Todman, (eds.) War diaries 1939‐1945: Field Marshall Lord Alanbrooke Herbert P. Bix, Hirohito and the making of modern Japan Lawrence Freedman, Kennedy's wars: Berlin, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam Rolf Steininger, Der Mauberbau: die Westmåchte und Adenauer in der Berlinkrise 1958‐1963 Peter L. Hahn and Mary Ann Heiss, Empire and revolution: the United States and the Third World since 1945 Bo Stråth, (ed.) Europe and the other and Europe as the other Paul Gillespie, (ed.) Blair's Britain, England's Europe: a view from Ireland Rory O'Donnell, Europe: the Irish experience Gerald Schneider and Mark Aspinwall, (eds.) The rules of integration: institutionalist approaches to the study of Europe Marcus Höreth, Die Europäische Union im Legitimationstrilemma: Zur Rechtfertigung des Regierensjenseits der Staatlichkeit Robert J. Guttman, (ed.) Europe in the new century: visions of an emerging superpower Hans Arnold, Europa neu Denken:Warum und Wie Weiter Einigung? Miron Rezun, Europe's nightmare: the struggle for Kosovo Archie Brown, (ed.) Contemporary Russian politics: a reader Alena Ledeneva, Unwritten rules: how Russia really works Charles King, The Moldovans: Romania, Russia, and the politics of culture Roy Allison and Lena Jonson, (eds.) Central Asian security: the new international context Asher Cohen and Bernard Susser, Israel and the politics of Jewish identity: the secular‐religious impasse Eyal Zisser, Asad's legacy: Syria in transition Ali M.Ansari, Iran, Islam and democracy: the politics of managing change David Menashri, Post‐revolutionary politics in Iran: religion, society and power Tim Niblock, ‘Pariah states’ and sanctions in the Middle East: Iraq, Libya and Sudan Carl Brown, (ed.) Diplomacy in the Middle East: the international relations of regional and outside Powers Volker Perthes, Vom Krieg zur Konkurrenz: regionale Politik und die Suche nach einer neuen arabisch‐nahöstlichen Ordnung Jeffrey Herbst, States and power in Africa: comparative lessons in authority and control Nana Poku, (ed.) Security and development in Southern Africa Achille Mbembe, De la postcolonie: essai sur l'imagination politique dans l'Afrique contemporaine Michael Leifer, (ed.) Asian nationalism Marcus Noland, Avoiding the apocalypse: the future of the two Koreas Carl E.Walter and Fraser J. T. Howie, ‘To get rich is glorious!’ China's stock markets in the 1980s and 1990s Mayumi Itoh, Globalization of Japan: Japanese sakoku mentality and US efforts to open Japan Mya Than and Carolyn L. Gates, (eds.) ASEAN enlargement: impacts and implications Siobhán McEvoy‐Levy, American exceptionalism and US foreign policy: public diplomacy at the end of the Cold War H. Michael Erisman, Cuba's foreign relations in a post‐Soviet world Merilee S. Grindle, Audacious reforms: institutional invention and democracy in Latin Americ Gary H. Gossen, Telling Maya tales: Tzotzil identities in modern Mexico Howard J. Wiarda, The soul of Latin America: political and cultural tradition     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: The Emanuel Point Ship: Archaeological Investigations 1992–1995 and 1997–1998 (2 Vols). ROGER C. SMITH and contributors Sutton Hoo: Burial Ground of Kings?. MARTIN CARVER La Navigation dans ?Antiquite. P. A. GIANFROTTA, X. NIETO, P. POMEY and A. TCHERNIA Nautical Archaeology on the Foreshore (Hulk recording on the Medway). GUSTAV MILNE, COLIN McKEWAN and DAMIAN GOODBURN Deutsches Schiffahrtsarchiv 20 (1997): Zeitschrift des Deutschen Schiffahrtsmuseums (English and French summaries). UWE SCHNALL (Ed.) II Mediterraneo nell'Eta Arcaica (originally La Mediterranee Archaique). MICHEL GRAS (Translated by Emmanuelle Greco) Maritime Wales—Cymru A'r Mor (No 19, 1997–8). DAVID JENKINS, BRYN PARRY et al.(Eds)