区域经济韧性：研究综述与展望

自金融危机以来，区域经济韧性成为了研究热点。现有文献从均衡论及演化论的视角建构了区域经济韧性的理论框架，认为区域经济韧性不仅是区域发展的结果也是区域发展的动态过程。大量实证研究关注区域发展过程，探讨了不同尺度下经济系统对冲击的抵抗力、恢复力，并分析了经济韧性的影响机理。区域经济韧性是时间维度与空间尺度的统一。现有研究多关注区域本身特性，缺乏从动态性、多主体互动性、多尺度融合视角审视区域经济韧性的形成过程。因此未来研究一方面应当在现有理论基础上与关系经济地理、管理学等领域紧密结合，更重视危机与冲击的异质性，系统揭示行为主体在区域经济韧性形成、维持过程中的重要作用；另一方面应当进一步关注中国发展背景与制度优势，重视韧性研究对经济发展深远的意义，从而增强中国经济在不确定环境下的稳定性。     

经济韧性视角下城镇产业演化的路径依赖与路径创造——基于东莞市樟木头、常平镇的对比分析

在经济韧性视角下,本文基于路径依赖与路径创造理论构建了一个研究城镇产业衰落与转型的分析框架,进而对东莞市樟木头与常平的产业发展路径进行详细梳理和对比分析,探讨地理区位、产业结构等初始条件相似的城镇受到相同外部冲击时出现韧性差异的原因,包括地方制度、技术变革、经济结构、劳动力结构、社会文化氛围等。据此提出转型升级对策：寻找新主导产业,提升经济主体潜力与联系;科学规划空间结构,调整存量用地功能,提高土地利用效率,全面升级硬件设施;重塑强调风险管控与危机意识的社会文化氛围。通过建立演化经济地理学与经济韧性相结合的实证研究范式,本文为产业结构单一城镇提供了具有借鉴意义的韧性增强途径和路径创造方式。     

基于知识图谱的国内外韧性城市研究热点及趋势分析

城市作为人类政治、经济、文化活动的聚集体,因其互联互通的复杂系统结构为人类生产生活提供便利的同时,也受到外源风险因素扰动和内源结构变迁影响而表现出脆弱性,韧性城市研究已成为学界关注热点.分析国内外韧性城市作者机构合作状况、把握知识基础及研究热点、预测演化趋势,利于其理论进步与实践优化.论文运用文献计量与知识图谱方法,以...     

长江经济带旅游生态韧性与效率协同效应及空间特征分析

韧性与效率是可持续发展的两个核心议题,促进旅游生态韧性与效率深度协同,是长江经济带旅游业高质量发展与生态文明建设的应有之义。文章以2010—2019年长江经济带11个省（市）为研究对象,在构建旅游生态韧性与效率评价指标体系并测度其水平的基础上,运用哈肯模型探究二者的协同效应,并分析其动态演化态势及空间分布特征,结果表明：（1）研究期内,长江经济带整体旅游生态效率水平较高,是主导协同演化的序参量,区域旅游生态韧性有待提升。东部地区属于旅游生态韧性与效率“双高”地区,但下滑趋势明显;西部地区旅游生态韧性与效率均有显著提升;中部地区属于旅游生态韧性与效率“洼地”。（2）长江经济带旅游生态韧性与效率整体协同水平呈现向优质协同发展的趋势。江苏省、上海市、贵州省、四川省属于优质协同区域;湖北省、湖南省、安徽省属于系统失调区域。（3）随时间推移,优质协同地区对周边地区的虹吸效应在降低,区域协同水平呈现出“东部>西部>中部”到“东、西双核突出”再到“西部超越”的空间演化格局。（4）旅游生态韧性与效率存在复杂的竞合关系,三大地区也面临不同的协同困境,其中,东部地区旅游发展新动能不足,中部地区...     

基于DPSIR模型的城市人居环境韧性评价——以长三角城市群为例

本文将韧性原理引入到人居环境中,首次对城市人居环境韧性进行定量研究.基于DPSIR模型构建城市人居环境韧性评价指标体系,综合运用熵值法、GIS空间分析法和地理探测器技术,以2006、2010、2014、2018年为研究时间节点,对长三角城市群26个城市的人居环境韧性时空演化特征及影响因素进行分析.研究发现:①长三角城市...     

卫生安全韧性:应对重大突发公共卫生事件的韧性城市战略

通过城市的韧性治理全面提升城市应对重大突发公共卫生事件的能力,对处于深度城镇化进程中的中国来说是一个重要研究课题.将韧性理念运用到未来城市卫生治理研究中,为城市治理演进提供了新的分析框架和解决方案.本文研究认为,城市为了解决重大突发公共卫生事件中快速精准感知、最低运转维持和新冠肺炎疫情常态均衡三大难题,需要从城市治理体...     

城市韧性对旅游业高质量发展的影响研究——以长江经济带为例

城市作为旅游产业发展的重要空间载体,其韧性水平对于推动形成旅游业高质量发展的新格局有重要作用。研究基于扰沌理论、新发展理念等构建了城市韧性和旅游业高质量发展的综合指标体系,并采用2010—2019年长江经济带108个地级市的面板数据进行指标测算。同时,运用普通面板回归模型与面板门槛回归模型对城市韧性与旅游业高质量发展的影响效应及其非线性门槛特征进行了实证检验。研究发现：(1)长江经济带的城市韧性水平和旅游业高质量发展水平均存在非均衡性的空间分布特征;(2)城市韧性水平显著促进了旅游业高质量发展,其中,重组能力对旅游业高质量发展的影响效果最大,恢复能力影响效果最小;(3)长江经济带整体及中、下游地区的城市韧性水平对旅游业高质量发展的影响均表现出正向边际递减的非线性特征,而长江上游地区未通过门槛效应检验。     

中国西南贫困地区乡村韧性研究——以重庆市为例

文章聚焦于我国西南贫困地区乡村韧性，以重庆市 120 个抽样村为研究对象，采用熵值法，从经济韧性、社会韧性、工程韧性多维度视角评价重庆市乡村韧性水平。研究发现：①重庆市抽样村庄的乡村韧性平均值为0.46（满分为1），处于中等偏下水平。②重庆市北部地区的乡村韧性水平较高，交通不便、少数民族聚居的东南部地区乡村韧性水平相对较低。③经济韧性水平偏低限制了抽样村的韧性水平，体现在生产资本投入不足、人力资本水平偏低、土地资源禀赋不优。④相较于乡村状态韧性，抽样乡村的响应韧性水平较低，主要原因在于乡村经济子系统与基础设施（减灾防灾）子系统的响应韧性值较低。文章基于研究结果提出了旨在提升我国西南地区乡村韧性的建议。     

新发展阶段旅游业韧性能力构建研究：内涵、困境与提升路径

旅游业进入新发展阶段以来,韧性不仅是学术界关注的热点问题,还是旅游业高质量发展战略中的一个关键主题。本文将系统分析新时代旅游业韧性能力构建路径,首先阐述韧性的内涵外延,进而从旅游部门分散、劳动力短缺、管理能力不足、数字应用能力不均衡4个方面分析旅游业韧性能力构建面临的困境,最后从旅游政策制定、商业环境优化、优质劳动力吸引、绿色转型、利益相关者协作、数字化转型6个方面提出提升旅游业韧性能力的路径。希望该研究可以从韧性视角丰富旅游危机管理研究内容,为我国旅游业高质量发展提供一定的指导。     

当代西方人文地理学全球化概念与研究进展

在全球化主题的研究上当代人文地理学占据相当重要的地位。但人文地理学具有跨学科和追求时尚的学科特点,受多种理论和方法论的渗透和影响,形成了庞杂的全球化的概念和理论。对于地理学家而言,把握地理学的全球化观点,正确理解相关的名词和全球化理论具有重要的意义。本文按照时间顺序,对三大方面的问题进行梳理。一是当代人文地理学的主要理论方法演化及其全球化的研究主题;二是全球化概念及空间辩论的演化;三是通过全球化历史演化框架,了解全球化的动力机制,和制度空间结构的地理学观点的演化。     

Unfolding the relationship between resilient firms and the region

ABSTRACT

This research explores organizational resilience in four manufacturing firms in four different regions of Norway. While regional resilience has gained attention in research, there have been few studies with a micro-level focus, investigating firms and their distinctive features of resilience. We chose a qualitative multiple-case study approach and employed a critical incident technique to study resilience in selected firms that had experienced external shocks and shifts in regard to changing markets, globalization and advances in technology. Each, however, had managed to continually develop resilience capacity over time. Our framework considered three dimensions of organizational resilience: the cognitive, the behavioural and the contextual. We address how resilience is sustained over time, the evolutionary nature of organizational resilience in firms and how resilient firms relate to the region. We found that all three dimensions of resilience capacity were evident in each firm, but appeared as a complex and unique blend. Furthermore, each dimension was supported by regional ties and affiliations. The findings suggest that organizational resilience is a dynamic capability conditioned by firm–region interactions, which are cultural, social and economic. Regional resilience is built through the contribution of the firm to the economic and social systems of the region.     

Determinants of regional resilience to economic crisis: a European perspective

The impact of the economic crisis has been highly asymmetric across the European regions. The objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of resilience to economic crisis across European regions. Regional economic resilience was assessed based on employment changes during 2008–2013, while socioeconomic determinants were analysed pre-crisis (2002–2007). A highly heterogeneous pattern of resilience was observed within countries, while significant differences were also revealed between the continental northern-central regions and the southern periphery. A multilevel logistic regression model indicated the magnitude of country-effects on the performance of regional employment during crisis periods. Both EU-referenced and country-referenced regional resilience identified the positive effect of accessibility and the negative effect of a large manufacturing sector in the ability of regions to withstand recessionary shocks. Education and economic development level positively affected the resilience of both large and small regional European economies. Investing in education enhances the spatial homogeneity across Europe in terms of its ability to react to economic shocks. The results reveal the importance of narrowing disparities among regions and formulating targeted and differentiated regional development policies at country level, taking into consideration the size of the economy of the regions.     

Border-regional resilience in EU internal and external border areas in Finland

European border regions have witnessed a long history of remarkable mobility shocks stemming from complex ecological and economic changes and geopolitical events. The experience of near-continuous regional and global crisis has increased interest towards the idea of resilience, that is, the ability of communities and regions to adapt and cope with disturbances and transitions. Inspired by the literature of regional resilience and the evolutionary approach, this paper will examine the difference that borders and geopolitical conditions make from the perspective of regional resilience and especially ‘border-regional resilience’. Particular focus will be on irregular cross-border mobilities and consequent transitions in EU external and internal border towns, here the Finnish towns of Lappeenranta and Tornio. The study points out that the geopolitical environment and the openness of the border partly determine the regional development trajectories and the ways of coping with cross-border mobility-related changes. Although the border location entails some vulnerability, formal and informal cross-border institutions and relations of trust are of crucial importance from the perspective of border-regional resilience. The paper proposes a research agenda for studying border-regional resilience in the context of environmental, economic and social changes and geopolitical events.     

Agency and resilience in the time of regional economic crisis

Using a comparative case study on the closure of the research and development facilities of a pharmaceutical company in two regions in Sweden, this paper investigates the emergence of regional economic resilience from an agency perspective. Findings include a networked region engendering agency from non-state actors whilst substantial state intervention is needed to facilitate agency from a less networked region. The paper finds broad confirmation that interactions of actors are due to how a region is organized and the contingencies of its institutional context. Collective agency depends on the ability of actors to align interests and coalesce agendas which, as shown by the two cases, can be based on shared regional affinity as in the case of Södertälje or innovation strategies as in the case of Lund. Regional economic crises bring forth conditions and impetus for temporary modes of cooperation that mobilize resources to launch adaptive resilience strategies. Conflicts in resource distributions or operational complexity make developing agency-based resilience challenging. Emergent regional outcomes from agency-based resilience from these two cases exhibit adaptation with the potential for adaptability in Lund, and adaptability with degrees of adaptation in Södertälje.     

Sectoral Resilience: Conceptualizing Industry-Specific Spatial Patterns of Interactive Crisis Adjustment

While the regional resilience approach stresses major place-specific factors of adaptability to economic crises, industry-sector-specific mechanisms of shock response, which often cross-regional boundaries, still require conceptualization relating to aspects of resilience. This paper proposes the concept of sectoral resilience, which acknowledges that the actors who constitute the value chains and production systems of an industry sector, when struck by a major global crisis, collectively and interactively form a sector-specific pattern of response and adaptation. As these actors often strategically use assets at different locations, industry-specific spatial patterns of adaptation emerge that affect various regions in differing ways. After defining the suggested concept and related terminology, its geographical logics are outlined. Then major conceptual pillars of sectoral resilience are depicted, relating to six major, partly interdependent process fields. For each of them, mechanisms of shock adaptation of an industry sector and major factors of inter-sectoral distinctions of resilience patterns are pointed out, briefly illustrated by the examples of the automotive and mechanical engineering sectors. The approach helps us better understand industry-specific features of crisis adaptation and intersections of regional and corporate logics of resilience.     

Out of the crisis: an empirical investigation of place-specific determinants of economic resilience

This article attempts to isolate the structural characteristics that affect the resilience of a regional economy. It focuses on the role played by related/unrelated variety and differentiated knowledge bases as drivers for regional resilience and originally explores their interdependences. Italy is the empirical setting, and Italian local labour systems the unit of analysis. Regional resilience is measured as growth of the employment rate after the Great Recession that began in 2008. Results confirm the importance of related variety and of differentiated knowledge bases as drivers for regional resilience. We found support of the creative capacity of culture argument, providing evidence that a moderate concentration in symbolic knowledge-based economic activities contributes to resilience. Synthetic and analytical knowledge-based activities provide positive and no support to regional resilience, respectively. Finally, the relatedness of the symbolic knowledge-based activities increases regional economic resilience. Some policy implications are then derived from these findings.