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Sans résumé A propos de Amalia Pezzali, {Śāntideva, mystique bouddhiste des VIIe et VIIIe siècles}, Firenze, Vallecchi Editore, 1968. USA $7.80.  相似文献   

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One striking difference between Vedic and post-VedicHindu literature lies in the fact that while the anustubh metre is sparsely represented in the Veda asa whole, it is the standard metre of post-Vedicreligious literature of Hinduism available inSanskrit. Thus the Mahābhārata, a major documentof post-Vedic Hinduism, is preeminently in the anustubh metre. How is this striking metrical fact tobe explained? This paper discusses the variousexplanations that may be offered to account for it. Inpart I it discusses the explanations that could beoffered on the basis of modern critical scholarship.In parts II–IX it develops the suggestion that theanswer may lie in the association of the Mahābhārata with the śūdras and of theśūdras with the anustubh metre.

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Contrary to those similes which are constructed with the particles of comparison iva and yath, the samsopam has scarcely been investigated so far. Only M.-C. Porcher in her monograph titled Figures de Style en Sanskrit. Théories des Alamkrastra. Analyse de Poèmes de Vnkatdhvarin, Paris 1978, has dealt with this kind of upam separately. There are, however, no detailed investigations with respect to the use of the samsopam in the early kvya-literature. The samsopams occurring in avaghosa's Saundarananda and his Buddhacarita can generally be divided into the following categories:
1.  Compounds ending in an adjective like sama, tulya etc.: they are characterized by the omission of the common property.
2.  Tatpurusa-compounds which are constructed according to Pnini II,1,55; they include the common property but have no particle of comparison.
3.  Compounds of the type upamna + sama, tulya etc. + upameya; these compounds are characterized by the omission of the sdharmya.
4.  bahuvrhi-compounds with the upamna as the first, the sdharmya as the second and the upameya as the third member.
5.  bahuvrhi-compounds containing the upamna and the upameya only.
6.  bahuvrhi-compounds constructed according to Ktyyana's Vrttika, in which three elements of which a simile consists are missing: the sdharmya, the particle of comparison and the upamna.
The use of the samsopam in the S. and the B. shows some striking peculiarities: In a large number of occurrences they are connected with the abdlamkras anuprsa and ltnuprsa. Furthermore, they are often found in close vicinity to each other or occur together with the similes yath and iva which leads to a certain cumulative effect. Although in many instances the use of the s. in both kvyas can be described as rather conventional and stereotyped, there are some striking differences between the S. and the Sanskrit text of the B. In the latter kvya the number of s. of each category is twice or even thrice as large as in the respective categories in the S. Moreover, it can be shown that in the B. Avaghosa strives to make use of more ornate and elaborate forms of samsopam. Examples are a lesa-upam in B. 5,37a, and two compounds in B. 5,26b and d which are at the same time yathsamkhyas.  相似文献   

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