The Conflict between the Chief Justice and the Chief Executive: Ex parte Merryman

Rarely does the clash of ideas on the scope of governmental authority get reduced to a direct conflict between leaders of the branches of government. However, early in the Civil War period, the Chief Executive and the Chief Justice confronted each other in a direct fashion. The stakes were high, because the issues related to the conflict between national security and personal liberty.     

聚焦盘锦 了解斑海豹的秘密

<正>对于斑海豹的了解,许多人都是从海洋水族馆得到的,那憨态可掬的萌宠样子,聪明伶俐的表演天赋,确实招人喜爱。可是,野生斑海豹的真正家园在哪里?它们又是怎样生存和繁衍的呢?今年首届"八仙过海杯"全国水生野生动物保护摄影大赛在辽宁省盘     

少昊、帝舜与大汶口文化(下)

本文依据文献及前人的论证,认为太昊、帝喾、帝俊及帝舜的名称是不同地缘和时代对同一文化集团的称谓;太昊与少昊是有着亲缘关系的两大部族,在长期的发展过程中或分或合,相互替代,最后合为一体 结合对大汶口文化分期与类型的分析,论定大汶口文化早期刘林类型是少昊的发源地,之后在庙底沟文化的介入下在汶泗流域建国,在大汶口中期前后统一了东方 文章对太昊、少昊诸族的考古文化属性做了初步的推测和认定,论述了大汶口晚期昊族文化的崛起,进而大举西进南征的大致过程,认为由于昊族文化的西迁,推动了中原地区社会的发展和进步,从而形成了一个全新的时代——文明社会的到来     

太平天国的天和天教--兼谈太平天国宗教的正名

“天”在太平天国语汇中使用频率最高,有五种含义：太平天国上帝教的上帝、与太平天国有关之事物、与天王有关之事物、“天下”和世界、指称与地相对的物质的天,其中,以“天”指称上帝是最本源最主要的含义,是中国传统化与基督教义的杂糅。天主教、上帝教、太平基督教、拜上帝教和“拜上帝会”宗教等五种名称是太平天国宗教的“他称”,太平天国献在说到太平天国宗教时使用的名词是真道、真教和天教。“天教”并用以指称包括基督新教、天主教在内的广义的基督教,而不是对太平天国宗教的“命名”或命名意义上的“自称”。     

The London Broadcasting Company (LBC) and Independent Radio News (IRN) Archive

UK commercial radio was formally launched in October 1973 whenLBC went on air. Its sister station, IRN, began providing anews service at the same time for the growing number of ‘IndependentLocal Radio’ stations. During the period 1973–1996these two organisations assembled an archive of over 7,000 reel-to-reeltapes which now represent the largest commercial radio archivein Britain. For historians of the media, and of the twentiethcentury more generally, the collection is a rich and variedsource of social, cultural and political evidence. Media historians,including historians of journalism, can hear examples of a morepopulist and innovative style of reporting (or ‘reportage’)than was to be heard on the BBC. For the first time the phone-inwas an integral part of the schedule and a more opinionatedstyle of presentation was pioneered by Brian Hayes and others.The archive, soon to be digitised and made available online,contains a radio history of the period which started slightlybefore Margaret Thatcher's election as Leader of the ConservativeParty and finished a few years after the end of premiership.New clips, current affairs series like Decision Makers, parliamentarydebates (made by the LBC parliamentary unit) and phone-ins allcovered the major news stories of the time. There are, to takea notable example, 62 tapes on the Falklands War including 778individual news items. The archive is an important and hithertolargely neglected source for future historians of the period.     

Re(ge)ndering Gender(ed) Studies

McAuslan, Ian and Walcot, Peter (eds) Women in Antiquity Archer, Leonie J., Fischler, Susan and Wyke, Maria (eds) Women in Ancient Societies: ‘An Illusion of the Night’ Hawley, Richard and Levick, Barbara (eds) Women in Antiquity: New Assessments Richlin, Amy (ed.) Pornography and Representation in Greece and Rome Sorkin Rabinowitz, Nancy and Richlin, Amy (eds) Feminist Theory and the Classics Reeder, Ellen D. Pandora: Women in Classical Greece     

世界水族馆 科尔特斯海

正世界水族馆大约500万年前,频繁的地震和火山活动撕裂了墨西哥大陆的西部,形成了加利福尼亚半岛和本土间的巨大鸿沟,太平洋海水灌入,从而产生了如今的科尔特斯海(Sea of Cortez),又叫加利福尼亚湾(Gulf of California);持续的火山喷发形成了科尔特斯海中诸多的小岛。墨西哥征服者埃尔南·科尔特斯听闻这座海域的岛上遍地黄金,海里到处是珍珠,于是派遣了弗朗西斯科·乌略亚前去勘探,结果自然是没有找到珍宝,不过乌略亚还是用他上司的名字——科尔特斯命名了这片海域。     

北周宇文俭墓清理发掘简报

北周宇文俭墓位于陕西省咸阳国际机场新建停机坪西南部，东跑机场候机楼２００余米，南距机场东西公路２５０余米。１９８６年至１９９０年，机场建设初期，在宇文俭墓东发现有王德衡墓、王士良墓、若干云墓、独孤藏墓，在其东北有尉迟运墓，西北有叱罗协墓等①，总计十余座。１９９３年１２月，机场在候机楼西侧建设停机坪时又发现了宇文俭墓，陕西省考古研究所随即派人对其进行了抢救性清理发掘，现将发掘情况简报如下： 一、墓葬形制 宇文俭墓为一斜坡式带天井土洞墓。墓总长５０、深１１米。由墓道、过洞、天井、南道、墓室几部分组成（…     

Traditional and computed tomographic (CT) techniques link modern and Cenozoic fruits of Pleiogynium (Anacardiaceae) from Australia

Computed tomography (CT) and traditional techniques were used to study the internal morphology of modern fruits of Pleiogynium timoriense (DC.) Leenh., and phosphatized and silicified fruits that were considered to belong to the genus. The results demonstrate that phosphatized fruits from the Oligocene–Miocene Dunsinane site at Riversleigh and silicified fruits from the Oligocene Glencoe Site, which are both in Queensland, are referable to Pleiogynium. The Riversleigh material (Pleiogynium wannanii Rozefelds, Dettmann & Clifford sp. nov.) is very similar to extant P. timoriense (DC.) Leenh. Both possess locules that, in the vertical axial plane, are asymmetrically reniform and enclosed by a two-layered endocarp, the inner layer woody and resistant to decay, the outer of fibres and parenchyma, surrounded by a mesocarp of fibres and sclereids and a parenchymatous exocarp. The outer mesocarp is sculpted by meridionally arranged, elongate depressions (germination apertures) situated at the dorsal surface of each locule; erosion of the mesocarp and outer endocarp provides passage for emergence of the embryo’s radicle on germination. The silicified material from Glencoe (P. parvum Rozefelds, Dettmann & Clifford sp. nov.) is smaller in all its parts and has locules that are ovate in the vertical axial plane. Discrete, cap-like, opercula are not evident in the fruit wall of the fossil and extant fruits studied. The presence of Pleiogynium, and associated taxa, indicates the existence of rainforest communities at Glencoe, and mixed open forest/rainforest at Riversleigh during Oligocene–Miocene times. The multilocular, fossil fruit described as Pleiogynium mitchellii Collinson, Manchester and Wilde from the Eocene deposits at Messel Quarry, Germany, is not considered to belong in the genus, as evidence of elongate depressions on the dorsal surface of the fruit stones has not been demonstrated conclusively, and its internal morphology/anatomy differs significantly from that of Pleiogynium.     

Response to Nowell and Horstwood (2009)

Here we respond to the comment by Nowell and Horstwood (2009) written in response to our 2008 paper where we presented the first results of the application of laser ablation strontium isotope analysis to a fossil hominin. Although we are pleased that the paper has attracted so much interest, including from researchers outside the field such as Nowell and Horstwood, we completely disagree with the two main arguments of their comment. Namely, we reject the notion that they can recalibrate our data using different methods and (non matrix-matched) standards determined in a different laboratory, and that is simply irresponsible to advocate the further development of this method for rare and important hominin samples through drilling rather than the almost non-destructive method of laser ablation that we presented in our paper.