论宋元时期藏区内部民族市场

宋元时期,随着藏区农牧业、手工业的发展及藏区对外贸易的发展,藏区内部已经出现比较成熟完善的民族市场,个别地区的商业集市繁荣,商品种类相当丰富,在市场的分布、从商人员等方面都极具特色。     

Kuggmaren 1: the first cog find in the Stockholm archipelago, Sweden

In 1998 a wreck in the Stockholm archipelago of the Baltic Sea came to the attention of the maritime archaeological community. It seemed to have cog-like characteristics, although opinions about its building tradition were initially divided. Subsequent survey and dating analysis not only established that this was a medieval, cog-like vessel but that it is relatively early. Its find spot, however, is consistent with medieval trading enterprise. This paper summarizes the results of the work to date and raises questions for future research.     

影响马来西亚马华两族关系的文化与政治因素

从不同的宗教信仰对马华两族的融合与通婚的阻碍、自成体系的语言与媒体对彼此沟通的影响、族群政治动员在强化族群意识方面所起的作用等文化特征和族群政治的角度,探讨了影响马华两族关系的原因。结论是:马华两族宗教信仰和语言教育的区分、马来西亚特殊的族群政治态势,是影响马华两族关系发展的几个重要因素。     

试论安史乱军的民族构成及其民族关系

安史乱军的民族构成比较复杂,既有安禄山那样的混血儿,又有一大批少数民族将士,也有高丽残部及扶余、新罗人,还有许多汉族官和将士,但从多方面加以考察,安禄山、史思明所重用的以及在安史乱军中起主要作用的多为汉族人;唐代的河朔地区既有胡化趋向,也有汉化保持和提高的趋向;安史乱军中的民族关系比较缓和,少数民族和汉族将士在化、心理素质等方面渐趋一致,少数民族和汉族将士在许多方面能够积极配合。这些是唐中央平叛工作进展缓慢以及安史之乱持续8年之久的重要原因之一。     

The development of geographical differences in education levels within the Swedish tourism industry

ABSTRACT

The nexus of workforce and destination development is a largely uncharted area within tourism research. The local human capital has above all been in focus when underlining tourism's potential to create employment even for the inexperienced and less educated. However, a discordant strand of theory holds the low levels of qualified knowledge within the industry responsible for absent destination development in areas struggling to develop competitive advantages. Additionally, the in-migration of a skilled workforce may be hampered by a lack of amenities attracting permanent residents. In order to explore whether the tourism sector is characterized by a less educated share of the workforce, a study was performed using micro-level data on the full working population of Sweden during the years 2000–2010. The workforce in tourism was compared to the total and two other low-skill sectors, and the results show that the educational aspects within tourism are more related to geography than economic sectors. Contrary to general presumptions, the workforce within the tourism sector has a higher level of formal education than the other selected sectors in regions with generally low educational levels. The implication is thus that strategies aimed at creating employment for the least educated in rural areas need to be reconsidered, and not unconditionally target the tourism sector. Above all, tourism development needs to be based on assessments of local preconditions rather than a generalized image.     

中国华侨华人研究的学科建设与学术定位

在前期研究的基础上,进一步对当前华侨华人学科建设与学术定位中的一些认识问题、理论问题进行了阐述。主要观点为:学术研究与政策宣传是相辅相成的。相对独立和自由的学术研究是制定政策的基础工作和必要前提;华人研究不应该以中国社会为中心,而应该以海外华人社会为研究的主要对象;华侨华人研究应该摆脱功利主义的考量和民族情绪的影响,坚持理性思考的科学精神;华侨华人研究应该有宽松的氛围、宽阔的视野和宽容的态度。     

Market Relations as Wuwei: Daoist Concepts in Analysis of China's Post-1978 Market Economy

This paper shows how wuwei (effortless action) and associated concepts drawn from Daoist thought are applied in analyses of the Chinese market economy and state-economy relations published in recent issues of social science and Communist Party journals in the People's Republic of China. Such use of traditional concepts partially displaces Marxist terminology from “diagnostic economics”. In discussing the use of these concepts in 5 articles published between 2000 and 2008, the economic theory of Daodejing is also presented.     

略论元朝的统治政策对中国民族发展的意义

元朝是中国历史上第一个由少数民族统治的统一多民族国家,也是中国历史上政治制度变革过程中具有里程碑意义的一个历史朝代。元朝所推行的行省制度、驿传制度、屯田制度、土司制度等统治政策不仅将全国所有地区置于统一中央政权的统治之下,还加强了中央王朝对边疆民族地区的治理,促进了各民族间经济文化的交流与融合,进一步推进了中国以汉族为中心的多元一体格局的发展,并对后世中国行政区划的变革,政治体制的变迁,以及民族地区统治制度和今天民族区域自治制度的形成和发展产生了深远的影响。     

中国对印尼外交政策中对华人问题的考虑(1965-1997年)

1965年至1997年是苏哈托真正控制印尼的32年,其间中国与印尼外交关系起起落落.双边关系的冷热都折射出各自内部政治经济形势的变化.从中国对印尼外交政策来说,对印尼华人问题的考虑可分为三个阶段,包括改革开放前的冒进与偏激(1965-1979年);推动复交前的平和与务实(1980-1990年)以及复交后的淡化与消退(1990-1997年).对印尼华人问题的考虑在中国外交政策中经过阶段性的改变和调整,直至脱钩,既是为赢得印尼的信任,也符合中国的国家利益.     

江苏省旅游客源市场结构与开发对策研究

客源市场的研究是旅游开发的基础,为旅游资源开发与规划和旅游管理活动提供了科学依据。具有极为重要的理论意义与实践意义。本文根据客源市场结构的有关理论,结合相关旅游统计资料,探讨了江苏客源市场的结构特征,分析了空间结构、时间结构与旅游者类型结构。在此基础上对江苏省国内外客源市场的目标层次进行了划分,并提出了旅游市场的开发对策。     

Japanese Working Holiday Makers in Australia and their Relationship to the Japanese Labour Market: Before and After

The Working Holiday is a relatively new but rapidly growing form of transnational mobility. In Australia, Working Holiday Makers (WHMs) form the largest group of Japanese temporary migrants, and their numbers have been increasing. In this paper, I will discuss the experience of returned WHMs in the light of Japanese labour practice. For my interlocutors, the motivations for taking a Working Holiday were frequently related to their dissatisfaction with their status and future prospects as workers. In order to understand this popular but under-researched form of transnational migration, it is therefore important to consider their self-perceptions about their worker status when they re-entered the Japanese workforce, and how they think their life course has changed due to the Working Holiday experience. The employment experience of WHMs upon their return to Japan illuminates their position in the home society in which their migratory decision-making was situated.     

新华侨华人与民间关系发展——以中国-新加坡民间关系为例

以新加坡的中国大陆新移民为视点,在民间关系研究的框架内,探讨和阐述了新华侨华人和跨国华人的概念特征、新华侨华人与中—新民间关系的发展、海外民间关系发展的时代价值以及民间关系的模式特征和意义。研究显示,国家关系的建立,为民间关系打开了交流和交往的正式而广泛的渠道;民间关系的良性互动,为国家关系的改善、发展和地区关系的整合,奠定了厚实的民间基础;跨国移民之于民间关系、国家关系和地区关系的多元探寻,为全球化时代的移民个人和国家关系的发展,提供了双赢互利的方向。     

民族地区政区调整与民族区域自治的实现路径——以20世纪50年代广西都安瑶族自治县设置为中心的探讨

20世纪50年代初期,以民族为名称的各层级自治区非均衡地建立,致使政府在已建立民族区域自治的地区与尚未建立区域自治的民族地区执行经济政策时出现偏差,经济政策偏差产生的优惠差异引发了都安瑶族群众谋求民族区域自治的问题.为了解决瑶族谋求民族区域自治问题,在采取经济政策调整和相应政治措施调整无果之后,为配合民族区域自治政策的...     

Post-industrial division of labour as a systemic barrier for immigrants in the Swedish labour market

Differences in labour force participation and unemployment rates between indigenous populations and immigrants are common throughout Europe, but the gap seems to be particularly wide in Sweden. Based on studies of workplaces that traditionally employed large numbers of immigrants, but where they are now declining, it is argued that a driving force behind this process of exclusion is to be found in technological and organisational changes. These changes seem to be more pervasive in the Swedish labour market than in other economies in Europe. What is sometimes called the ‘Swedish model of working life’ has turned into the systemic exclusion of immigrant labour.     

族裔创业、市场竞争与双向影响——纽约唐人街巴士业发展历程探析

论文以纽约唐人街巴士业的发展历程为例,从族裔创业、市场竞争的角度,探讨了由来自中国大陆的新移民所创立的唐人街巴士业,与美国灰狗巴士业的竞争与相互影响。研究显示,唐人街巴士经历了行业发展与调整,保持较好的发展势头,而灰狗巴士依旧保持着行业的领先优势,占据较大的市场份额。外来移民的母国文化及其生活经验有助于他们在异域创业,参与移入国的市场竞争可以促进他们对移居地社会的适应,在一定程度上推动移居地社会的改变。同时。美国本土巴士企业及整个行业,也因为唐人街巴士的竞争而发生转变。跨国移民与移居地社会,通过商业竞争、双向影响而实现优势互补,推动了移民与移居地社会的共同发展。     

Auroral Research and the Character of Astronomy in Enlightenment Sweden

Abstract

The observation of the magnetic effects of the aurora borealis by Olof Hiorter in the 1740s was hailed by Swedish scientists as one of the major discoveries in contemporary research. This article investigates the political and academic context of the discovery, focusing on the astronomical ideals promoted by Hiorter. He used the discovery in order to buttress the importance of his own scientific character – technically competent, hard-working and research-oriented. He contrasted this ideal with the character of an ordinary university professor who was described as more of a bureaucrat, interested in science only as long as it could boost his reputation, and not averse from stealing results of technically more competent underlings. Hiorter's opponents at the university decried his lack of theory and devalued the importance of technical skill. This conflict is discussed in the context of ideals concerning cultural, political and economic values of science and scientists.     

马来西亚纳吉政府华人政策调整述评

文章分析了2008年大选以来,特别是2009年4月纳吉出任马来西亚第六任首相以来,马来西亚政府对华人政策的主要调整与变化;探讨了促进政策调整的政治、经济和民意等各种原因以及政策调整对马来西亚政治和马来西亚华人的影响,旨在比较全面地把握马来西亚政治与族群关系的发展态势。     

1980～1991年中国证券市场的复苏与起步

1980～1991年中国证券市场的复苏和起步,得益于理论认识的突破、市场导向改革的开启和社会融资结构的第一次变迁、金融体制改革和市场演进规律的推动。在12年艰辛曲折的演进历程中,证券发行市场初步形成,证券流通构架基本成型,市场监管框架雏形初现。证券市场发挥了筹资、“反哺”、示范和导向等作用,但也存在结构不均衡、运作不规范、制度安排不健全等问题。这些成就、问题与缺陷,成为证券市场后续成长与突破的历史起点与逻辑前提。