关于抗战时期“伪银行”的通信——答加藤正宏先生

姚朔民老师寄来日本《收集》杂志2 0 0 0年第六期上加藤正宏先生的文章 ,对我在《中国近代纸币》中称满洲中央银行、中国联合准备银行、蒙疆银行、中央储备银行、冀东银行、察南银行、华兴商业储蓄银行等七家为伪银行不解 ,他认为“在日本和中国 ,对于‘伪’银行的理解首先就有所不同。即使退一步讲 ,按照中国的认识 ,在前述 (如汇丰银行等外国银行或中外合办银行 )中恐怕也有着应看作‘伪’银行的银行。在上述诸外国银行中 ,同样可以看到把在半殖民地化的地区作为势力范围来发行纸币的思想。这些银行与由于侵略国日本有关而被作为‘伪’的…     

THE "CREATIVE CLASS" IN THE UK: AN INITIAL ANALYSIS

Richard Florida argues that regional economic outcomes are tied to the underlying conditions that facilitate creativity and diversity. Thus the Creative Class thesis suggests that the ability to attract creativity and to be open to diverse groups of people of different ethnic, racial and lifestyle groups provides distinct advantages to regions in generating innovations, growing and attracting high‐technology industries, and spurring economic growth. In this paper we investigate the extent to which there might be similar processes concerning the relationship between creativity, human capital, and high‐technology industries at work in the UK as in North America. The approach taken is broadly sympathetic to the Creative Class thesis; critical perspectives and reservations from the literature are introduced as appropriate research is focused around the three principal research questions: Where is the creative class located in the UK? What is the impact of quality of place upon this dispersion? What is the connection between the location of the creative class and inequalities in technical and economic outcomes within the UK? To this end, the creative class and its subgroups are defined and identified. We then construct quality of place indicators relating to tolerance, diversity, creativity and cultural opportunity. To these are added measures of public provision and social cohesion. Data are analysed by means of correlations and regression. In general we find that, although the distribution of the creative class is uneven and complex, our results are consistent with the findings of the North American research with the notable exception of technology‐based employment growth. Finally, priorities for further research are discussed. The need to further investigate causality, variations within the creative class itself, and the potential role of qualitative data in this are highlighted, as is the potential fate of “non‐creative” workers and places.     

细说“上海壹两”——“纹银壹两”、“上海壹两”、“关平壹两”及香港造币厂

以现代眼光来看,古中国的货币是没有制度可言。譬如金银虽自古即有价值,却没有制造金银币,即便铸过货币形状也不是用来作流通工具;真正作流通用的,基本上都是铜钱。到清朝时,大体上仍然是银钱平行本位;大数用银,小数用钱,铜钱与银两间基本上维持一千文兑一两的比价,以增减铜钱的重量来配合市场的变化。白银在作为交易媒介的使用上,虽有不同的形状,但仍是以含银的重量计算,不是以数量计,而各地习用的成色与秤法不一,在成色的鉴定及重量的换算上十分麻烦。因此当制作精美、成色重量一致的外国银元流入中国后,由于使用方便很受人民欢迎,慢慢在…     

人文地理学研究方法论的进展与"文化转向"以来的流派

欧美发达国家现代人文地理学研究的方法论已成系统。本文以国外文献与著名人文地理学者论点为依据,以现代人文地理学哲学思潮与衍生的研究方法论为基础,探讨了方法论与衍生的研究方法与其拓展的研究领域及其动力关系,追索并总结出前沿研究与研究流派脉络,以及探讨不同流派不断延伸的具体研究内容。     

乐山 峨眉山 大足石刻 到“天府之国”看大佛

每个人看大佛,都会有不同的感受。在画家眼里,它是石雕的画;在诗人眼里,它是凝固的诗;在艺术家眼里,它是一座艺术殿堂;在哲人眼里,它是思考生命意义的书……     

GU HONG,A "LIVING BUDDHA" IN THE EYES OF THE TIBETANS

正During the day,she bustles around the operation table in her thick antiradiation vest.At night,she has to go to sleep on a chair due to her pulmonary edema.On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,where congenital heart disease occurs at a high rate,she sustains a hope of survival for the children with congenital heart disease by working hard.Parents call her"a living Buddha",and her colleagues think her a     

OUT OF PLACE IN THE COUNTRY: TRAVELLERS AND THE "RURAL IDYLL"

A controversial new Criminal Justice and Public Order Act in Great Britain contains measures to curb the lifestyles of a group known collectively as "New Age Travellers". This paper examines these travellers as "folk devils" of the Conservative "New Right" on a number of levels: their lifestyle does not conform to that espoused by authoritarian or libertarian Conservatism; moreover, they violate the spatial order of contemporary British society by trespassing against the dominant social representation of the countryside — the "rural idyll". In Parliamentary debates speakers drew on the rural idyll to defend the exclusivity of access to the countryside. Notably, whilst Gypsies were seen as having a legitimate if highly marginalized position in the rural representation, few saw any place for New Age travellers.     

THE FOUNDING ABYSS OF COLONIAL HISTORY: OR "THE ORIGIN AND PRINCIPLE OF THE NAME OF PERU"

The name of "Peru" and the entities and beings it names first appeared "in an abyss of history" on "the edge of the world" in the early 1500s. In this essay I ask what hermeneutical truths or meanings the strange event that made the name of Peru both famous and historical holds for—and withholds from—any understanding of the meaning of colonial history. By way of a reading of Inca garcilaso de la Vega's rendering, in Los Comentarios Reales de los Incas (1609) of "the origin and principle of the name of Peru," I suggest that Peru's name is itself an inaugural event that marks the founding void or abyss of colonial and postcolonial history, which is to say, of modern global history. This événemential void is not unoccupied, however. It is inhabited by another founding, mythopoetic figure of history: "the barbarian" whose speech is registered in the historian's text.     

文化经济地理学进展与“项目网络地理学”的提出

文化经济是发达资本主义国家从工业社会向知识经济转型的重要标志。本文回顾和评论了西方经济地理学、城市地理学、文化地理学等学科,在文化创意产业研究方面的进展和贡献。从目前人文社会科学领域在文化经济研究方面的知识积累来看,拥有独特"空间"视角的地理学,尚有很多议题未予涉足,特别是在中国,地理学家对文化经济的知识建构和政策影响,相对较小。西方地理学界最近出现"文化经济地理学"分支学科的说法,反映了地理学界对于文化经济的积极参与。为推进和深化"文化经济地理学"相关研究,地理学家应关注文化创意产业基于"项目"和"项目网络"的独特生产方式,在充分发挥地理学"空间转向"影响力的基础上,开展跨学科研究,有望建立新的分支学科"项目网络地理学"。     

金钱义记研究

“金钱义记” 是清末咸丰、同治年间浙南闽北金钱会铸行的一种钱币。本文试就金钱义记发行的历史背景和原因、制作、发行的起迄时间、流通区域、读法、版别作一考察和论述。     

THE JOINT ANARCHY OF "CONFIDENTIALITY" AND DEFINITIONAL CHANGE

Les données statistiques sur l'industrie manufacturière publiées par le Bureau fédérale de la statistique deviennent de moins en moins satisfaisantes pour les géographes économistes. Deux éléments en particulier sont responsables de ce fait: 1) les provisions de secret de la législation statistique; 2) les changements de définitions, de concepts et d'organisation des données statistiques. Le premier a pour conséquence de rendre les données très incomplètes. On est arrivéà une situation telle que il est maintenant impossible de déterminer la distribution des grands groupes d'industries ou des industries individuelles, même pour les superficies aussi étendues que les comtés, les districts et les divisions. L'industrie manufacturière est en grande partie une activité urbaine et on a surtout grand besoin de données statistiques basées sur les centres urbains. Mais, c'est justement à ce propos que les provisions de secret sont les plus influentes, avec le résultat que beaucoup de grands centres d'industrie manufacturière sont omis d'importants rapports du Bureau. Les changements dans la classification des industries, et les altérations de définitions et de concepts, rendent l'analyse historique très difficile. Depuis 1918, on a utilisé trois classifications différentes de 1'industrie manufacturière, et récemment la définition de l'établissement industriel a été modifiée à cause de plusieurs altérations importantes dans les procédures d'assemblage et compilation. En conséquence il sera très difficile de comparer les données d'avant 1961 et les données postérieures à cette date. La situation exige l'attention des géographes et d'autres spécialistes. D'ailleurs, il serait souhaitable d'établir une liaison entre les universités et le Bureau fédérale de la statistique dans l'espoir qu'à l'avenir les changements auront lieu seulement après consultations mutuelles.     

21世纪的"海洋破碎带"

本简析了海洋的争夺史,在此基础上提出了本的中心议题—21世纪的“海洋破碎带”。探析了“海洋破碎带”形成的七大因素,即：①海洋霸权主义对海洋国际贸易通道的争夺;②国际间对海洋国土的争夺;③海洋生物资源的争夺;④海洋矿产资源的争夺;⑤南极大陆的争夺;⑥海军军备竞赛;⑦海缘政治形势日益恶化。阐释了21纪“海洋破碎带”分布的海域。最后指出,中国不仅是一个陆地国家,也是一个海洋国家,中国的海上安全已近底线。为此,中国必须树立新的海洋观念,建立强大的海军,保卫国家的每一寸海洋国土。     

1936年8月9日 一部《边城》,兴起了一座小城

<正>题记:沈从文的小说《边城》使很多人喜欢上了那个川湘交界的小城凤凰,很多年轻人在读过小说之后,都会不禁背起背包,想要去探访一下小城的美丽与宁静。跟着一部小说去旅游,也渐渐成为人们一种新兴的旅游方式,吸引着很多喜欢在路上的年轻人。