统筹兼顾 突出重点 加快推动青海区域协调发展

当前,青海正处在工业化、城镇化、农牧业现代化、信息化、市场化快速推进时期,区域发展不协调已成为制约青海经济社会全面跨越发展的突出问题。因此,统筹区域协调发展,完善区域协调发展机制,对增强青海经济发展的动力和后劲,加快全面小康社会建设步伐,构建富裕文明和谐新青海具有重大战略意义。     

基于统筹城乡视角下的农民工养老保险转续问题研究

建立和实施统筹城乡的养老保险制度是当前和未来一定时期内我国社会保障制度的发展方向。本文从统筹城乡的视角对农民工养老保险制度进行界定,对我国当前农民工养老险制度的转移对接问题所产生的内外部原因进行分析,并提出解决这一问题策略。     

学习邓小平关于中国知识分子问题论述的体会

关于知识分子问题的论述,在《邓小平文选》中占有相当的比重。党的十一届三中全会前后,邓小平同志首先提出要“尊重知识,尊重人才”。“科学技术是生产力”,从事科技工作的人是“脑力劳动者”,我国知识分子的绝大多数“已经是工人阶级自己的一部分”的马克思主义观点。以后又强调:“搞好教育和科学工作,我看是关键。没有人才不行,没有知识不行”,改革科技体制是为了解放生产力”等。如果说1956年周恩来同志的《关于知识分子问题的报告》,对我国社会主义时期知识分子问题有了“初步解决”的话,那么,邓小平在全国科学大会开幕式上的讲话及以后的一些指示,对我国社会主义时期知识分子的性质、地位、作用、使命等诸多问题已经解决。但是1984年10月邓小平同志在会见一些华人科学家时的谈话中指出:“中国的知识分子问题是一个特殊的问题,我们至今还没有解决好。解决这个问题非常迫切和重要”。中国的知识分子问题为什么是一个特殊的问题,我们党至今还没有解决好这个非常迫切和重要的问题指什么?下面述以作者粗浅的理解。     

社科院世界社保研究中心主任对本刊表示 养老金“空账”,不必恐慌

近期,中国社会科学院《中国养老金发展报告2012》提出的一系列问题引发关注。报告称,中国城镇基本养老保险个人账户"空账"额继2007年突破万亿元大关后,2011年达2.2156万亿元,在32个统筹单位中(31个省份加上新疆生产建设兵团),2011年收不抵支的有14个,如果没有相应的财政补贴,支付缺口将达767亿元。养老金是老百姓退休后的养命钱,安享晚年的基本物质保障。"空账"会不会     

新世纪的展望

21世纪来临了,人们希望新世纪带来新鲜空气,这是可能的,但很不容易。当前世界性的大问题是和平与建设。没有和平,就没有安定和进步;没有建设,就不能治疗贫穷和愚昧。20世纪没有能解决这些问题,也很难解决这些问题。这些问题本来是需要长期不断解决的,解决一点就算一点。前进的道路是通达的,但要遇到一些险滩或滑坡,这就必须要经住考验,要坚持不懈。历史学是一门研究社会发展规律、民族特点以及历代盛衰兴亡之故的学问。在正确的思想指导下,历史知识的传播有利于国家民族的相互了解,增进友谊,有利于国际间的和平,有利于思想建设和文化建设。…     

戊戌维新时期妇女的思想解放

戊戌维新时期,维新派领袖康有为、梁启超等人,都十分关注妇女问题。在理论上,他们把妇女解放当做民权平等的重要内容之一;在实践上,他们从不缠足和兴女学两个方面来着手解决妇女问题。但是,戊戌维新时期妇女是否直接参加了维新运动,并提出自身解放的要求?出于缺乏资料,似乎至今尚无人触及。马克思曾指出“没有妇女的酵素就不可能有伟大的社会变革。”戊戌维新运动尽管极不彻底,而且很快就失败了。但它仍然     

从考古文物实验辨析郑和宝船的吨位

郑和下西洋的大宝船据历史文献记载合今长123米,宽50米。按木帆船的结构规律和造船法式,(型、舱)深应有25米。这样,据阿基米德浮力定律,它的满载排水量高达4万多吨。下西洋的大船队共有208艘船,分超大型、大型、较大型、中型、小型五类。所以,总吨位多达200万吨。但迄今为止并没有出土文物考古发现能证明存在过这么大的巨舶,也没有模拟实验和航海试验的成功例子来证实可以有这么大的木帆船。可见,当我们把研究思路从传统的尺寸转换到相应的吨位,问题就清楚多了。     

抗日战争时期侯登山舍身炸碉堡

革命战争年代,在相当长的时间里,我军由于缺乏重武器,尤其是大炮,面对敌人坚固的据点、碉堡、炮楼,甚至是土围子,架梯子爬城墙,伤亡太大不说,还往往无功而返。毛泽东在七大口头政治报告中说,土地革命时期“一个吉安,攻了八次没有攻进去,一个赣州,攻了七次没有攻进去,原因不是热情不够,也不是马列主义不显灵,而是我们能用来攻城的东西太少了,想爬也爬不上去”。     

琐议人物志编纂——《北京志·人物志》编纂手记

人物志是志书编纂的难点。首先,人物志的编纂要注意统筹平衡,要在突出当代人物的基础上,按其历史影响程度在不平衡中体现统筹;要充分利用人物志中传和表的体裁;制定不同部类入志人物的标准是统筹平衡的关键。此外,要充分发挥人物传、人物表、人名录三种体裁的不同特点,在传主事迹和人物传字数上要有统筹,对特殊人物要在不平衡中反映平衡。其次,要把握不同人物的入志特点,求真存实。最后,在具体操作中,注意在细枝末节上下功夫,保证人物志的编纂质量。     

“中国侦探小说第一人”程小青

中国古代本没有侦探小说,只有与之相近的公案小说。晚清时期,西方的侦探小说陆续被翻译过来,但中国人自己创作的侦探小说却很少。民国初期,侦探小说创作进入繁荣时期,在这些侦探小说作家中,以程小青最为突出。     

Inter-actor Trust in the Planning Process: The Case of Transit-oriented Development

Inter-actor trust (or the absence of it) plays an important role in complex planning processes. Trust has received much attention in management science, but surprisingly little in planning literature despite the similarities between the two and its increasing importance in ensuring coordination between multiple, heterogeneous actors in delivering developments. This paper aims to explore the role of trust in coordination in transit-oriented developments processes, based on literature research and two empirical case studies in the region of Toronto in Canada and the province of Zuid-Holland in the Netherlands. This research suggests that in both planning contexts trust is an important element in achieving successful outcomes. Trust was often identified at a personal level as something which can bridge differences between organizations, but that can be hindered by a history of distrust between organizations. The building of trust between stakeholders seems dependent on a commitment to building a good relationship early and openness throughout. Breaches of trust, as long as they are not fatal for the relationship, can lead to a stronger trust relationship in the long term. Trust, however, is not just an individual or organizational matter: the broader institutional context was also found to have pronounced impacts on the ability of trust to take root.     

Issues and Opportunities in Planning and Managing Nature‐based Tourism in the Central Coast Region of Western Australia

Research reported here identified planning and management issues relating to integrated development of nature‐based tourism in the Central Coast Region of Western Australia. Stakeholder views were gauged through a workshop involving 45 people and a series of interviews. The workshop was also designed to stimulate interest in the establishment of a regionally, integrated tourism group to address any issues identified. Participants included members of the tourism industry, the community, and representatives of government and non‐government organisations. Seven individuals participated in interviews, including the chief executive officers of the local authorities and regional development commissions. The results indicate that the regional tourism industry is fragmented and uncoordinated, which is hindering regional development. Implementation of regional tourism planning is virtually non‐existent in the Central Coast, due to the lack of a regional tourism policy. Management of tourism resources is restricted by limited coordination between industry and government, and especially by inadequate resource provision to local authorities and land management agencies. An outcome of the workshop was the formation of a regionally integrated tourism group, the Turquoise Coast Sustainable Development Steering Committee, to implement recommendations arising from the workshop. However, the group has met with limited successes to date, owing to a range of political and sectoral issues beyond the scope of tourism planning. The research highlights difficulties in implementing collaborative tourism planning initiatives at the regional scale.     

对文物保护单位保护规划的几点认识

保护规划是文物保护单位管理的基本手段之一。经过多年实践,文物保护单位保护规划逐渐形成了自己的特色。作为一种以文物保护为主要目的,以空间控制为主要手段,以文物综合利用展示为主要途径,致力于实现文物保护与区域经济社会发展相协调的专项规划,文物保护单位保护规划正在被行业所接受。然而,现阶段的文物保护单位保护规划仍然存在着对文物特性考虑不足,对现实发展回应不足,对实际工作指导不足等问题,亟需通过提升法律地位,完善规划体系,重视规划执行等措施来进一步完善,以更好地发挥应有的作用。     

近十五年来真实性在国内外旅游中的研究对比

旅游界对真实性研究了四十多年,尚无统一的定论。近十五年是国内外真实性研究的大发展时期,更是填补了国内真实性研究的空白。本文主要着眼于近十五年来真实性在国内外的研究,分别从理论研究、真实性与旅游保护开发、真实性与旅游经营管理、真实性与旅游发展等几个方面进行对比,总结出国内对真实性研究与国外研究的差距,得到我国未来对真实性研究的方向和启示。     

‘Australia in this Matter is under Some Scrutiny’: Early Australian Initiatives to the Rhodesian Problem, 1961–64

Abstract

Australia’s attitude towards the problem of Rhodesian independence in the early 1960s has been largely ignored by the literature on the subject. Not unnaturally, the focus of recent research and scholarship has been Australia’s response to Rhodesia’s Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) in November 1965 and the absence of any appetite for sanctions against the white minority regime. This lack of enthusiasm is often interpreted as symptomatic of an abiding sympathy not only for ‘kith and kin’ but also for Rhodesia’s white supremacist policies, which are invariably conflated with Australia’s own racially discriminatory practices. While senior Australian policymakers were uncomfortable with the notion of alienating people with whom they shared traditional political, economic and sentimental ties, they showed no support for the perpetual domination of the African population by Europeans, and indeed, accepted both the desirability and inevitability of black majority government. With this in mind, they worked hard to contribute to a genuine solution to the Rhodesian problem in the early 1960s and were deeply critical of Britain for refusing to adopt positive action. Although Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies continued to struggle with these competing forces, he too recognised the irresistible nature of black rule and acted accordingly.     

The quest for a census of the British Empire c.1840–1940

Regular population censuses are an integral part of the oversight functions of the modern state. Whereas the United Kingdom instituted a decennial enumeration in 1801, it was not extended to the overseas Empire. The administration of the British Empire was decentralised and early nineteenth-century census taking was subject to local initiatives. However, from the 1840s successive Colonial Secretaries considered a unified imperial census necessary to fulfil their oversight functions and demanded the taking of censuses by colonial governments to coincide with that in the United Kingdom. Initial responses were mixed, but with each decade the coverage improved, although no agreement was reached on the questions posed and the classification systems employed. These remained severe drawbacks to the creation of a comprehensive imperial view. Only in 1906 was an official volume entitled Report on the Census of the British Empire published. The experience gained in its preparation, collating the diverse colonial reports prompted the undertaking of a fully coordinated enumeration in 1911. The First World War intervened and prevented publication. Although subsequent attempts were made to revive the concept, little was achieved. The combination of the pursuit of local interests, accentuated by greater political independence, and the lack of adequate resources at the General Register Office in London to coordinate and analyse the results ensured that the quest for a unified census was finally abandoned with the onset of the Second World War.     

The Formation of Leningrad's Satellite Places

The development of Leningrad's suburban zone began mainly in the Soviet period with the growth of “dormitory” satellites of the central city. Many of the city's satellites perform the same industrial and cultural functions as Leningrad itself. The distribution of commuter areas is analyzed on the basis of winter commutation tickets. In addition to satellites, Leningrad has “associate” cities and towns that supply the central city with electric power and fuels but lack the commuting ties that differentiate true satellites. Further planning of the Leningrad suburban zone should take care not to saturate the suburbs with industry. It is more desirable to locate new plants in small and medium-size cities outside the suburban zone.     

中原经济区的“三化”协调发展之路

中原经济区走新型工业化、新型城镇化与农业现代化"三化"协调发展之路,是中原崛起的时代呼唤,是中原经济区建设的最高境界,是中原儿女的庄严承诺。选择"三化"协调作为中原经济区的发展之路,有着深厚的宏观背景。在整体、协调、融合、可持续原则的制约下,"三化"协调发展的主要途径为:产业集群发展、产城互动发展、城乡统筹发展。其中,城乡统筹发展是"三化"协调发展的最终落脚点,包括构建现代城镇体系,搭建城镇化本土承载平台,推进新农村和新型农村社区建设,构建城乡资源共享平台和社会保障体系。     

空港经济产业布局模式及规划引导研究——以广州白云国际机场为例

从产业布局的角度探讨了国内近年比较热门的空港经济现象。首先从与机场最直接相关的人、物、资金和信息四大要素入手,剖析了空港经济主要产业类型及其特征,并分析了空港经济总体区位及其演变过程。在此基础上总结分析空港经济产业具有与发展阶段相吻合的增长极、点轴和网络三种布局模式,指出国内备受推崇的圈层布局是发展阶段不明确的理想模式,并尝试采用地理信息系统空间分析方法对产业布局的区位进行叠加分析。最后以广州新白云机场为例,探讨了周围花都区和白云区空港经济产业布局规划方案和措施。     

URBAN NETWORKS AND GOVERNANCE IN CITY‐REGION PLANNING: STATE‐LED REGION BUILDING IN NANJING CITY‐REGION,CHINA

During the transition towards a more market‐oriented economy and entrepreneurial governance, local authorities have attempted to create new cross‐jurisdiction regional entities to enhance their competitiveness through making city‐region plans or regional strategic plans in China. This article analyses the process of region building in China through a case study of Nanjing city‐region. We argue that region building is a state‐led regional project in China, not a spontaneous process. City‐region planning has played a legitimacy‐seeking role in the construction of new regions. Based on the discourse provided by the city‐region plan, associated city networks are being created as a mechanism for plan implementation and regional coordination. This signals that regional planning is entering the stage of regional institution building. By assessing the capacity of regional institutions, we argue that the newly‐emerged regional institutions or urban networks have facilitated regionalization in terms of the increasing involvement of non‐state actors, the formation of regional coherence and identity and the enhanced inter‐city co‐operation. However, it is still difficult to establish effective regional governance due to competing local governments, the arbitrary political leadership and the fragmented planning functions.