胡适与高宗武往来书信

众所周知,胡适一生雅好交友,其与友人来往书信也因此成为后世研究者之宝贵史料,目前这些书信已大半刊诸于世,然而,胡适与高宗武之往来书信却未见其踪。高宗武乃当年对日秘密外交亲历者,自披露《日汪密约》后即匿居美国,不闻于世。今笔者有幸从高氏之孙高昕处得见胡、高二人部分往来书信,得其同意,略加注释,公之于众,以为信史之助。     

章太炎《告满洲留学生》考辨

《与肃亲王书》、《告满洲留学生》系研究辛亥革命时期"排满"问题的重要文献。冯自由《清肃王与革命党之关系》一文抄录有这两通书信,分别题为《致清肃亲王书》、《致留日满洲学生书》①。长期以来,此文广为学界转引。汤志钧编《章太炎政论选集》(中华书局1977年版)、马勇编《章太炎书信集》(河北人民出版社2003年版)所录两通书信,完全以冯文为据。而台湾学者丁中江所著《北洋军阀史话》(台湾远景出版社1964年版、中国友谊出版公司1992年版)则认为,《与肃亲王书》乃宣统元年孙中山在东京时所写,并由同盟会早期会员丁怀瑾起草。鉴于丁怀瑾乃丁中江之父,且丁著节录有部分书信,因此,也有学者信从丁说②。由于这两通书信既未收入《太炎文录》,又     

朱熹给赵师渊“八书”考辨

《四库全书》馆臣据朱熹致赵师渊八封书信，认为《资治通鉴纲目》是朱熹托门人赵师渊所撰。首先发现“八书”的是宋末王柏。据《朱子大全》及《朱子语类》等，可以证明所谓的“八书”包括“纲目凡例”是伪作。朱熹亲自撰《纲目》初稿，并作过修改，虽然最终没有完成修改任务     

《旅日高僧隐元中土来往书信集》书评

《旅日高僧隐元中土来往书信集》书评〔日〕野口善敬期待已久的《隐元来往书信集》已于１９９５年３月由中华全国图书馆文献缩微复制中心出版。这部近六百页的巨著，对珍藏于日本宇治市黄檗山万福寺的隐元隆琦所收１１７通书信加以整理、解说，既是隐元研究的划时代的贵重...     

唐仲友刻《荀子》遭劾真相

叶德辉《书林清话》卷十谓:"朱子劾唐仲友一重公案,世固鲜有知之者.淳熙八年,唐仲友守台州,领公使库钱刻《荀子》、《扬子》二书,为朱子所弹劾."其下引述朱熹弹劾唐仲友第六状中相关文字,最后归纳说"可见仲友被劾,伪造会子亦其一节,非专因刻书也."     

梁启超致大隈重信佚札考释

<正>一、佚札的发现梁启超的翰札,自《梁启超全集》及《梁启超未刊书信手迹》出版以后,续有新资料面世,1迄今尚未有完整的汇辑本。就目前已刊布梁启超书信的情况来看,大多属民国时期所作,而维新变法前后梁启超的翰札往来,却鲜有新材料的发见。笔者在从事日本"大隈文书"档案编目方法研究的过程中,注意到其中有编号"イ14 B0351"的装裱函札一轴,共裱书信六通,其中有四通为梁启超戊戌政变后避难日本时致大隈重信之函,前两通尚存有信封。诸札为《梁     

陈建及其《学蔀通辨》

陈建(1497—1567)字廷肇,号清润,东莞人。其学术思想集中体现于所著《学蔀通辨》12卷。其著作之缘起,据清张夏《雒闽源流录》称：“嘉靖壬寅朝议进宗儒陆九渊于孔庙。时清润以进士令南闽,闻之,忧道统将移,学脉日紊,乃发愤著《学蘸通辨》以破王氏所编《朱子晚年定论》。其书批祸根于横浦,证变派于江门,而中间则详著朱陆始终不同之迹。阅七     

跋胡适致顾颉刚书信两通

胡适致顾颉刚书信两通,分别载《国立中山大学语言历史学研究所周刊》1928年2月7日第二集第十五期和1927年12月27日第一集第九期,为此前诸胡适书信集所未收。经考订,此二信的撰写时间分别是1926年10月29日和12月26日。两信内容涉及敦煌学、中国文学史、蒙元史等诸多方面,是极为重要的近代学术史料。     

“扬州书信”所见“青溪旧屋”刘氏著作刊行考略

扬州"青溪旧屋"刘氏家族是自清嘉庆至民国时期数代相传的书香世家,其学术影响贯通中外。最近,古城扬州发现的数十通民国时期书信,内容涉及刘氏家族著作的出版发行情况,为研究其著作的传播与影响提供了鲜为人知的资料,也为后人了解和研究当时的图书出版事业提供了第一手鲜活的资料。     

柯劭忞致罗振玉手札廿三通

旅顺博物馆藏有一批近代重要学人的信札,已陆续在<文献>杂志刊发了王国维、劳乃宣的部分书信,今将柯劭忞致罗振玉信札23通整理刊布.     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.