Historical Archaeology as Modern-World Archaeology in Argentina

Historical archaeology has grown at a remarkable pace in the last decade. South America has seen a major growth in historical archaeology, with archaeologists in Argentina playing a large role in the maturation of the discipline on the continent. Much of this archaeology can be characterized as “modern-world archaeology” because of the archaeologists’ interest in issues relevant to post-Columbian cultural history.     

Household Archaeology in the Andes

Data from domestic contexts can be used to address significant anthropological research questions. Archaeological investigations in the Andes (areas once incorporated into the Inka empire, including northwestern Argentina, highland Bolivia, northern Chile, Ecuador, and Peru), like many parts of the world, rely on ethnohistory and ethnography to interpret the archaeological remains of domestic areas and make inferences about households. In this review I describe the ideas about Andean households that archaeologists are using and how domestic remains are being examined to infer social, economic, and political processes. Household archaeology in the Andes requires ethnoarchaeology and theory-building in order to understand the complex social dynamics at the foundation of ancient Andean societies.     

中国民族考古学的形成与考古学的本土化

中国民族考古学的形成是由自身独特背景和学术环境所决定的,在辩证唯物史观指导下,运用民族志材料解释,复原考古学材料。从民族考古发展到民族考古学形成了中国民族考古学的强烈特色。     

《中国考古学年鉴》的特色及其在考古学科发展中的作用

本文比较详细地介绍了《中国考古学年鉴》的特色及其在考古科研工作中所起的作用。     

环境考古学论纲

环境考古学作为一门学科首先是一种思想意识,然后将特定的理论和方法贯彻到考古发掘的方案设计,资料的提取、整理、分析和解释的每一个阶段。人与环境的相互作用,是环境考古学贯彻始终的灵魂。     

作为独立学科的考古学--考古学、人类学、历史学学科体系之比较

关于中国考古学的学科归属问题一直存在着争议,一种意见认为考古学属于历史学的范畴;一种意见认为考古学应是人类学的分支学科之一。本将考古学与历史学、人类学的学科体系加以比较,论述了在学科起源、研究内容、研究方法、研究对象、分支学科等方面,考古学与历史学和人类学的差异。从而认为考古学与人类学、历史学有极其密切的联系,但它作为独立学科的趋势是必然的。     

Archaeology, History, and Historical Archaeology in South America

This paper discusses the relationship between history and archaeology in general, their common concerns and links with historical archaeology. It deals with the development of historical archaeology in three related South American countries, Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay, and pays attention to recent trends in the theory and practice of the discipline in the area.     

考古学的定位和有关问题

考古学是一门独立的科学,往往被历史学、人类学或古器物学所包括。事实上它以田野工作为基础,以遗迹、遗物的实证为前提,其方法论是其它学科所无法代替的。     

新疆史前时期考古学研究现状

新疆史前时期考古学的研究,已经取得一批丰富的考古材料和科研成果。本文尝试概括1949年以来新疆史前时期考古学研究,进行一个研究历程的文献综述。就新疆史前时期的考古学研究文献进行梳理,具体考察新疆史前时期的考古学研究成果。试图了解当前新疆史前时期考古学研究的现状、特点,对未来的研究工作提出建议和展望。     

The Archaeology of the Disenfranchised

The question of multivocality has been much explored and debated in recent archaeological publications. Clearly, the objective of such work is to assure the inclusion of the views of disadvantaged minorities and disenfranchised peoples in the presentation of their own pasts. This objective has not been achieved with much success, however, partly because mainstream archaeologists have had some difficulties in grappling with what appear to be a proliferation of alternative archaeological theories. Few discussions have approached alternative archaeologies as constituting a definable archaeological paradigm that might be termed The Archaeology of the Disenfranchised. Four different models within this paradigm are discussed and a strategy for a more widespread inclusion of alternative archaeological discussions and projects is suggested.     

A Brief Overview of the Evolution of Historical Archaeology in Argentina

This introductory chapter presents a brief overview of the evolution of Argentine historical archaeology as a scientific discipline, starting from the first pioneering work until its consolidation and future prospects. It also includes a summary of each of the paper presented.     

免疫学方法在科技考古学中的应用

通过免疫学的分析可以鉴定不同来源血液的种属。对古代器物表面的血液残留物进行种属鉴定,在石器用途研究、动物区系重建以及古人类食物来源分析等领域具有重要意义。介绍了免疫学在考古学中应用的基本理论及方法,对国外学者运用免疫学方法进行考古学研究的概况做了综述,对相关问题进行了探讨。     

聚落考古综述

聚落考古研究的探索开始于20世纪30年代,进入20世纪80年代随着考古资料的极大丰富和外国考古学理论与方法的引入,聚落考古研究逐渐深入。本文在总结以往研究成果的基础上,对聚落考古的定义和内容提出了一些粗浅的看法。作为一种考古学方法,聚落考古应该加强对于人和自然环境的研究。与此同时,还必须加强聚落考古资料共时性的确定。     

AutoCAD在考古绘图中的应用

AutoCAD在考古绘图中的应用目前还比较少,随着时代的发展,现代化的办公设备不断被考古行业所应用。经过一段时间的探索,不是现代化的办公设备不适应考古工作的需要,而是我们考古工作者在观点上不去接受它。本文的主要目的是希望考古界的专家学者们接受并认可它,让AutoCAD 在考古绘图中得到推广,并得以发扬光大,让考古行业也能适应时代的潮流,利用一些新的技术来推动考古事业的飞速发展。     

土司,考古与公众——基于海龙囤的公众考古实践与思考简

人人共享文明成果,是文化遗产保护的最终追求。如何达到这一目的,是公众考古学（publicarchaeology）讨论的范畴。这是国内目前方兴未艾的一个考古学分支,各方都在积极讨论与尝试。2012年度,依托土司城堡海龙囤的发掘,我们开展了一系列公众考古活动,取得了很好的社会效应。本文即以之为例,对公众考古的相关问题进行初步探讨。     

新考古学论纲

考古学(Archaeology)一词源于古希腊文,意即研究古代或古代事物的一门科学.17世纪后,其涵义稍有改变,指对含有美术价值的古物和古迹进行的研究.严格说来,考古学是根据古代人类通过各种活动遗留下来的实物,以研究古代社会历史的一门科学,但这仅为狭义考古学的定义.广义考古学是指对考古调查发掘所发现的一切遗物、遗迹,包括对各种动植物、矿物等资料进行分析和研究的一门学问,它有充实的内容,周密的方法,系统的理论和明确的目标.上述为传统意义上的考古学,20世纪五六十年代以来,考古学家采用放射性碳十四测定年代法、统计分析和计算机模拟系统等先进科学方法,发展了一种更加精确的技术,应用于古代人类制品的研究.这些现代技术根本上改变了对历史证据的看法,标志着考古学从研究文化史到研究文化发展过程的转变,这便是新考古学.     

Forty years of Industrial Archaeology Review: A Personal View

ABSTRACT

This article presents a personal view of the origins and development of Industrial Archaeology Review in the 40th volume of its publication. This is preceded by an account of the earlier journals to publish articles on industrial archaeology, as well as a brief account of such articles in the sister journal, Post-Medieval Archaeology. A short history of Industrial Archaeology Review is included for future reference purposes. The range of authors contributing to the journal is considered, from the volunteers in local industrial archaeology societies to the professional archaeologists of the later period. Attention is given to the importance of the publication of the annual Rolt Memorial Lectures, as well as the occasional themed issues where articles on specific topics have been grouped together. Finally, the article suggests how best use can be made, in this article and in the journal generally, of the advantages of digitisation.     

The Public Communication of Science and Non-Formal Education Within the Framework of Public Argentine Archaeology: The Case of Archaeology Workshops

Abstract

This article presents and analyses a method of public communication in archaeology carried out by a group of researchers within a non-formal educational framework, as a contribution to public archaeology in Argentina. This project included diverse activities, such as archaeology workshops for children and teenagers, which took place in museums in four cities located in three regions: Paraná (North-east), Tres Arroyos and Lobería (Pampas), and Lamarque (Patagonia). A conceptual evaluation is presented based on the application of a non-participational observation methodology, that includes the analysis of posters made by those attending the workshop and surveys conducted by the archaeologists at the culmination of the activity. This study suggests that workshops can be one of the most effective strategies employed by researchers to publicly communicate archaeology, and therefore can be of use to other research teams that have as their objective the democratization of knowledge generated in scienti?c-academic spheres.     

浅谈数字化测量技术在田野考古中的应用

本文结合多个考古测量工作,就数字化测量技术如何在考古测量中的应用进行了有益的尝试,并取得了较好的成果。