基于灭火救援战斗力量编成的消防站训练工作

本文从消防站的分组分工情况出发,探讨日常训练工作应当同战斗力量编成挂钩,编组负责什么工作,就练什么,其他训练内容可以适当减少,即把灭火救援力量编成进行专业化划分,同时对划分的分组进行专业化训练。     

消防救援队伍灭火救援安全现状分析及对策

本文分析消防救援队伍灭火救援安全现状,从加强现场火情侦查警戒、做好现场安全管理工作、提高消防指战员综合素质几个方面入手,重点探讨消防救援队伍灭火救援安全问题的应对措施.意在通过本文研究,为相关人员提供借鉴参考,确保消防救援队伍灭火救援活动的开展处于安全运作的状态,为消防救援队伍总体业务能力的提升,贡献自己的一点力量.     

浅谈扑救高层建筑火灾应把握的关键问题及如何提高灭火救援能力

本文结合高层建筑火灾的特点和火灾扑救的需要,针对高层火灾灭火救援技术的关键问题,论证了高层建筑火灾扑救的战术措施和主要方法,为提高消防部队应对高层建筑火灾处置的能力提供参考依据。     

海面救援无人艇

伴随着海域探索的深入,以及大众对于出海旅游度假需求的提升,海面事故发生的也越来越频繁,针对这一事件,海面救援无人艇把智能技术与救援需求相互融合,可以实现快速准确的救援行动。在传统救援中,当救援人员整装待发时,往往受困者已经筋疲力竭,或者沉于海底。而在这一点上,争分夺秒地海面救援行动中智能无人设备能取得极大的优势。     

目击中国远征军救援英国盟军

第二次世界大战期间,中国远征军新编第三十八师在缅甸创造了闻名于世的仁安羌大捷。我是亲身经历过仁安羌大捷的老兵,当时担任指挥入缅中国远征军的中国战区参谋长史迪威中将的联络参谋,奉派同美军少校梅里尔一道向新三十八师孙立人师长送达史迪威的命令,要该师除留第一一四团卫戍曼德勒外,主力速赴仁安羌救援被困在该地的英军,并责成我们两人监督孙师长执行上述命令。     

我国旅游应急救援研究文献综述

本文对现有旅游应急救援研究进行梳理,发现国内旅游应急救援研究主要集中于旅游应急救援体系的主体、框架的完善等方面,研究内容集中在旅游安全事故研究、国内旅游应急救援体系构建和出境旅游应急救援管理等方面。根据旅游应急救援的研究态势,文章提出未来旅游应急救援应充分发挥大数据的优势,进而加强理论创新。     

浅谈旅游紧急救援服务

随着旅游业的发展,旅游中的安全问题日益成为旅游者关注的焦点。旅游紧急救援作为现代旅游业必不可少的一项配套服务,在国际上已经得到了较为普遍的开展。然而在我国．这项业务尚处于起步阶段。本文从解释紧急救援服务的涵义出发,对现有的国际紧急救援机构在我国的业务开展状况和国内紧急救援服务的发展现状进行介绍。     

《“4·20”芦山强烈地震雅安抗震救灾大事记》出版发行

4月20日,由雅安市委党史研究室（市方志办）组织编纂的《“4·20”芦山强烈地震雅安抗震救灾大事记》正式出版发行。该书客观记录了“4·20”芦山强烈地震发生后抗震救灾抢险救援期间（2013年4月20—28日）的历史,以震后“黄金72小时救援”为主要节点,系统全面地展现了抗震救灾抢险救援期间．在党中央、国务院,省委、省政府．市委、市政府的领导下,全市人民与灾害抗争,社会各界紧急驰援．解放军、武警、民兵预备役官兵挺进灾区抢时间、救生命的全过程。具有较高“存史、育人、资政”价值。     

金春明——老百姓心中的英雄

他曾经因为个小体弱,差点当不上兵;他曾经只会说“吃饭”、“是”、“不是”三句汉话;他曾经年幼失怙,吃百家饭长大;他曾经因为不善言辞差点气走女朋友。然而就是这个毫不起眼的战士,入伍11年,11次立功,参加1500次灭火战斗和抢险救援,只身从高空、水中、井下、山崖、高速公路等各种灾害现场救出65名遇险群众。他,就是被国务院、中央军委授予“雷锋式消防战士”荣誉称号的辽宁省公安消防总队本溪支队明山大队特勤中队班长金春明。     

电石的公路运输事故特征与紧急救援预案

随着我国化学工业和公路建设的发展,电石在公路运输中引起的交通事故频繁发生,造成了严重的经济损失和不良的社会影响。建立事故紧急救援预案,提高电石运输事故的救援水平,改善事故的救援状况,对于提高电石运输安全性,减少经济损失具有十分重要的意义。     

Cutting its coat according to the cloth: the Canadian Militia and staff training before the Great War

In 1909, Canada established the Militia Staff Course (MSC) to provide reserve officers with the basic staff skills they would need upon mobilization. At the time, the Militia severely lacked properly trained staff officers to run formations and draft mobilization plans. Although the course provided only elementary staff training, it reinforced the latent command and staff potential of a generation of officers, as later suggested by their effective and often exceptional service in the First World War. The MSC ultimately proved the first step towards developing a tradition of formal command and staff training in the Canadian Army.     

技工学校语文教学应重视口语表达能力

口语表达能力是社会生活中求生存、谋发展的必备能力。园此．改变技工语文教学俯废口语的现状,培养学生大胆开口的自信,积累语言的兴趣,倾听和复述的能力,开展多种形式的口语训练。     

Military doctrine,command philosophy and the generation of fighting power: genesis and theory

Military doctrine is one of the conceptual components of war. Its raison d'être is that of a force multiplier. It enables a smaller force to take on and defeat a larger force in battle. This article's departure point is the aphorism of Sir Julian Corbett, who described doctrine as ‘the soul of warfare’. The second dimension to creating a force multiplier effect is forging doctrine with an appropriate command philosophy. The challenge for commanders is how, in unique circumstances, to formulate, disseminate and apply an appropriate doctrine and combine it with a relevant command philosophy. This can only be achieved by policy‐makers and senior commanders successfully answering the Clausewitzian question: what kind of conflict are they involved in? Once an answer has been provided, a synthesis of these two factors can be developed and applied. Doctrine has implications for all three levels of war. Tactically, doctrine does two things: first, it helps to create a tempo of operations; second, it develops a transitory quality that will produce operational effect, and ultimately facilitate the pursuit of strategic objectives. Its function is to provide both training and instruction. At the operational level instruction and understanding are critical functions. Third, at the strategic level it provides understanding and direction. Using John Gooch's six components of doctrine, it will be argued that there is a lacunae in the theory of doctrine as these components can manifest themselves in very different ways at the three levels of war. They can in turn affect the transitory quality of tactical operations. Doctrine is pivotal to success in war. Without doctrine and the appropriate command philosophy military operations cannot be successfully concluded against an active and determined foe.     

Teaching the Craft of Archaeology: Theory, Practice, and the Field School

Field schools are a rite of passage for archaeologists, the first experience of what for many is the defining activity of the discipline: fieldwork. While teaching competence in practical techniques is the minimum goal of any field school, this technical training must be situated within the broader goals that drive the fieldwork. The University of Denver Archaeological Field School provides the fieldwork for the Colorado Coal Field War Archaeological Project. This project is an experiment in archaeology as political action in the present. It explores the possibility of an emancipatory archaeology through engagement with contemporary audiences and struggles. In this paper we discuss some of the ways we try to link technical training with the admittedly unusual theoretical and political goals of the project, teaching not only skills but an awareness of the responsibilities these skills should bring.     

Military command in the last decade

On 11 September 2010, the United States commemorated the ninth anniversary of the 9/11 attacks. In those nine years, British forces have been engaged in military operations of unexpected location, intensity, scale and duration. While the performance of British troops has been repeatedly praised on these operations, there has been growing disquiet among commentators and, indeed, among the military establishment itself about the conduct of these campaigns. Specifically, the issue of British military command has come under increasing scrutiny. This article examines command frictions at the strategic and operational levels and seeks to provide a sociological explanation of these difficulties. It claims that British commanders have failed to identify a coherent strategy over the past decade while in‐theatre operational command has often been characterized by an ad hoc‐ery, incoherence and inconsistency. The article suggests that a ‘laissez faire’ command culture has been evident at strategic and operational levels. While individual mistakes may not be irrelevant, the article explores the way in which this command culture may be a product of institutional pressures within defence and, above all, a product of inter‐service rivalry. However, the laissez faire system of command in the armed forces may also be a reflection of much deeper cultural presumptions and preferences within British professional society itself which has always had a strong tendency towards pragmatism, decentralization and shorttermism. The article concludes by offering some suggestions as to how military command might be reformed in light of its potentially profound cultural origins.     

1954—1961年朝鲜实习生来沪培训述论

朝鲜战争后,根据中朝双方签订的经济及文化合作协定,大批朝鲜实习生于1954—1961年来到中国接受培训。中国有关部门、上海各实习工厂自上而下地构建起相应的组织管理体系,为朝鲜实习生顺利完成培训任务创造了良好的条件,并在日常生活方面对他们给予了周到细致的照顾,探索建立了一套行之有效的培训体系,使朝鲜实习生回国时大多具备了一定的专业技术能力,有的还在某些领域取得了突出的成绩,为朝鲜国民经济的恢复和发展培养了不可或缺的技术人才。     

Sins of memory: reflections on the lack of an Italian Nuremberg and the administration of international justice after 1945

This article reconstructs the history of the major trial that the Allies planned to institute against the entire military command of the Nazi armies operating in Italy from 1943 to 1945. The trial was prepared on the same juridical and technical bases as the Nuremberg Tribunal, but it never took place. The reason was that it would have jeopardized the re-integration of the Federal Republic in the European community, and would also have risked placing the Italian government in the embarrassing position of having the Italian army prosecuted for crimes committed in the countries occupied by the Rome?–?Berlin axis. For those reasons, the trial was abandoned and instead only legal proceedings were taken only for some marginal cases, creating the impression that these were simply isolated cases of individual responsibility. The enigma of this missing trial and an explanation of the limits of international justice can only be understood in terms of the political situation in post-war Europe, the relations between Italy and the Allies and the double game played by the Italian government. These events served, however, to give rise to highly selective memories of totalitarianism and the war.     

AGGLOMERATION,URBAN WAGE PREMIUMS,AND COLLEGE MAJORS

The aim of this paper is to examine the manner and extent to which worker skill type affects agglomeration economies that contribute to productivity in cities. I use college majors to proxy for skill types among workers with a bachelor's degree. Workers with college training in information‐oriented and technical fields (e.g., STEM areas such as engineering, physical sciences, and economics) are associated with economically important within‐field agglomeration economies and also generate sizeable spillovers for workers in other fields. In contrast, within‐field and across‐field spillovers for workers with college training in the arts and humanities are much smaller and often nonexistent. While previous research suggests proximity to college‐educated workers enhances productivity, these findings suggest that not all college‐educated workers are alike. Instead, positive spillover effects appear to derive mostly from proximity to workers with college training in information‐oriented and technical fields.     

Crowdsourcing Model Research for the Identification of Post-Earthquake Rescue Objects

The quick and accurate identification of post-earthquake rescue objects can minimize the casualties and property loss caused by earthquakes. With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, rescue objects can be identified through high-resolution remote sensing images. There are two main categories of approaches to identify rescue object through high-resolution images: automatic extraction by a computer and visual judgment by professionals. Although results can be obtained quickly by using automatic extraction, the accuracy of the results is unacceptably low. For visual judgment, the large demands for time and professionals restrict its wide practical application. In this study, we introduce crowdsourcing into the identification of post-earthquake rescue objects. First, we integrate the advantages of the computer and crowdsourcing, which means that the computer takes advantage of the speed of information processing, while crowdsourcing makes full use of human recognition capabilities. Second, we take visual judgment tasks out of the hands of professionals and entrust the tasks to workers in a crowdsourcing platform. Not only are the human resources infinite, but we can also improve the efficiency of identifying rescue objects. Third, we propose a crowdsourcing model that improves the quality of the results and saves human resources. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our solution is feasible.     

The role of the Italian Central Institute of Restoration in the field of underwater archaeology

In 1987, given the importance and complexity of the correct recovery and conservation procedures for underwater archaeological finds, an Underwater Archaeological Operations Unit was set up within the Italian Central Institute for Restoration. This Unit is made up of archaeologists, conservators, biologists and chemists, all of whom are underwater experts. It provides consultancy services and scientific and technical assistance for problems relating to the recovery, conservation, protection, and restoration of underwater archaeological heritage at the request of the Archaeological Superintendents. Great attention is paid to the professional training of underwater conservators. Specialized courses in the conservation of materials of underwater provenance are organized as part of its programme. This paper illustrates some of the main initiatives both in the restoration of archaeological objects and in training, in which the Institute has been involved, since the Underwater Unit was created.