The Forest Service Since the National Forest Management Act

There has been considerable recent discussion and debate about change and the need for change in the United States Forest Service. A number of observers have argued that the agency has shifted its emphasis from commodity to non-commodity values of the National Forests, has become more sensitive to environmental and ecological concerns, and has become more responsive to public input. However, to date most articles on the topic of change in the Forest Service have been either theoretical and speculative in nature or have based their conclusions on attitude surveys of agency employees. So far no studies have provided “hard,” empirical evidence of change or have conducted any systematic examination of the presumed causes. This symposium attempts to fill this gap. What follows is the presentation of the analyses of a wide range of important quantitative indicators of agency change. From these analyses, we attempt to answer the following questions: Has the Forest Service indeed been changing? If so, what direction has it taken and how significant has this change been? What are the possible causes of change, and what have been the consequences for National Forest policy? What factors are likely to influence future change in the agency?     

Incredible Progress Over the Past 30 Years

ＩｎｃｒｅｄｉｂｌｅＰｒｏｇｒｅｓｓＯｖｅｒｔｈｅＰａｓｔ３０ＹｅａｒｓＸＵＺＨＥＮＧＹＵａｎｄＹＡＮＧＪＩＡＮＭＩＮＧＭｏｄｅｒｎｓｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄｔｅｃｈｏｌｏｇｙｂｅｇａｎｔｏｍａｋｅｔｈｅｉｒｈｏｍｅｉｎ１９６０ｓ．Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｓｔ...     

From Timber to Tourism: Recommoditizing the Japanese Forest

Timber plantations make up nearly half the Japanese forest area. However, in recent decades domestic timber has been displaced by imports. The decline of Japanese forestry forms the background to the emergence of forest tourism whereby domestic forests become important sites for the recreational leisure of Japan’s urban middle class. This article describes the ways in which the Japanese forest is exploited as a tourist resource, and examines the problems that arise in this process of recommoditizing a timber forest into a tourist forest.     

American Regulatory Policy: Factors Affecting Trends Over the Past Century

This article examines American regulatory policy over the past century and the factors that have affected its development. Among the trends analyzed are the movement away from independent regulatory commissions, the larger role played by the institutional presidency vis-a-vis the Congress in the regulatory arena, and the growing resistance of states and localities to national government regulation and "unfunded mandates."     

近十余年来宋代女性史研究探述

近十余年来,我国史学界关于宋代女性史研究取得了可喜的成果.宋在借鉴唐代历史经验的同时,有自己独特的政治运行方式,后妃垂帘听政合法化,但受诸多因素限制,因此后妃与政治的关系倍受关注;在理学兴盛的条件下,妇女的婚姻、财产、社会地位、贞节观并未被完全禁锢,而是有一定的自主性及法律性：宋代作为文化的繁荣时期,女性对社会做出了自己的贡献.但是,纵观近十余年来的研究成果,总体研究还不够全面,朝代间女性问题对比性文章少,对现今的借鉴作用还不够.     

池畔林山拥蜀城——访九寨国家森林公园

正"黄山归来不看岳,九寨归来不看水",这对喜欢旅游的人来说,的确是一个很好的总结和劝勉。但对于寄情于山水之间的人也是一个误导,因为无论是相同的还是不同的山水,只要你乐于其间,总会有新的发现,享受不一样的乐趣。去过九寨沟,观赏过黄龙,再去九寨国家森林公园,你会有不一样的感受。去九寨沟旅游的人,大多选择的是九寨沟景区和黄龙景区,人们往往忽略了九寨国家森林公园。也正是游人的这     

达尔滨湖 杜鹃花丛摇曳着的神秘

<正>柔弱的是杜鹃花,晶莹剔透。坚硬的是火山岩,突兀嶙峋。这两种本不相干的事物却奇迹般地叠合在一起,成为一道风景,一处奇观。这就是大兴安岭上最美丽的一处风景,达尔滨湖和散生在这里的数以亿计的杜鹃。每年的5月来临,达尔滨湖的兴安杜鹃漫山遍野,绿叶、红花、石海、白桦多种色彩构成了鄂伦春奇特的自然景观。其中的主角就是5月而来的客人,也是这里年年久居的尊贵的主人——各色的杜鹃花,以其曼妙身姿在林间,在湖畔,在岩石间摇曳着,诉说着这里的神秘。地处大兴安岭东麓南坡的达尔     

二十多年来土司制度研究综述

土司制度是封建王朝治理少数民族的一种政治制度 ,也是研究相关少数民族史和地方史必不可少的内容之一 ,在中国边疆史地研究中也占有一席之地。为了使关注土司制度的学人们对近 2 0多年来土司制度的研究概况有所了解 ,本文分专题予以综述。一、总论性研究蔡美彪等人编著的《中国通史》(人民出版社 1 992年版 )在第九分册“对南方诸民族的统治”中 ,简单地概述了土司与改土归流问题 ,但并未明确地提出“土司制度”这一概念。由白寿彝总主编、于毓铨主编的《中国通史·中古时代·明时期 (上 )》(上海人民出版社 1 997年版 )第九章第四节“西南…     

FLPMA: A Decade of Management Under the ELM Organic Act

This article assesses the impact on public land management policy in the west following a decade's experience under the Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA). The assessment first describes the political and institutional forces that converged to produce the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) Organic act and then identifies three major policy innovations found in the Act. In conclusion, the article assesses the impact of these policy innovations of FLPMA on management of the public lands.     

十年来四川省入境和国内游客的空间聚集性分析

本文系统收集了1996-2005年四川省21个地(市)的国际国内客流量数据,利用集中率(CRn)和聚集度指数(HHI),对其地域分布格局进行了定量分析.结果发现:入境旅游的空间集中度高于国内旅游,CRn指标和HHI都有较大的差异;10年内入境旅游和国内旅游的空间集中度在下降,而空间均衡度在逐渐提高,反映出旅游产业发展的地域分布正在逐渐扩张.入境客流量的空间分布受最高级别旅游景点和区位务件的制约,主要集中在中心城市和最高级别的旅游景点上;国内游客的空间分布受A级以上景点丰度、交通区位和区域人口的影响,在地域分布上具有较大的均衡性.     

Now the Wars are Over: The Past,Present and Future of Scottish Battlefields

Battlefield archaeology has provided a new way of appreciating historic battlefields. This paper provides a summary of the long history of warfare and conflict in Scotland which has given rise to a large number of battlefield sites. Recent moves to highlight the archaeological importance of these sites, in the form of Historic Scotland’s Battlefields Inventory are discussed, along with some of the problems associated with the preservation and management of these important cultural sites.     

认真研究13年在国史中的地位

中共十六大报告指出,1989年中共十三届四中全会以来的“这十三年是我国综合国力大幅度跃升、人民得到实惠最多的时期,是我国社会长期保持安定团结、政通人和的时期,是我国国际影响显著扩大、民族凝聚力极大增强的时期。我们党和我国人民做出的艰辛努力和取得的伟大成就举世瞩目,必将载人中华民族伟大复兴的光辉史册。”     

Genealogies of Destruction: An Archaeology of the Contemporary Past in the Amazon Forest

In this article we look at the destruction of the Amazon forest through an archaeological lens. We describe the devastation brought about by illegal loggers and ranchers to the last remaining old-growth forests of Maranhão (NE Brazil), where the Awá hunter-gatherers live. We argue that archaeology can provide an alternative and more critical look at global consumerism by manifesting the crude materiality and abject violence that lurks behind the goods consumed in the West. We followed the tracks of a group of loggers deep inside the forest and report what we saw.     

资源委员会接管台湾工矿企业略论

二次世界大战结束后,资源委员会负责从日本人手中接管台湾省的工矿企业。面对战争带来的严重破坏和接管期间的种种困难,该会举全会的物力、财力和人力,先是监理,继而接管了台湾重要的工矿企业,掌握了台湾的经济命脉,为日后台湾经济的起飞做出了重要的贡献。     

百年国史有新篇

中国社会科学院近代史研究所组织编撰的《中国近代通史》近期已由江苏人民出版社出版。全书共10卷,约550万字,各卷名称如下:第1卷《近代中国历史进程概说》,第2卷《近代中国的开端(1840—1864)》,第3卷《早期现代化的尝试(1865—1895)》,第4卷《从戊戌维新到义和团(1895—1900)》,第5卷《新政、立宪与辛亥革命(1901—1912)》,第6卷《民国的初建(1912—1923)》,第7卷《国共合作与国民革命(1924—1927)》,第8卷《内战与危机(1927—1937)》,第9卷《抗日战争(1937—1945)》,第10卷《中国命运的决战(1945—1949)》。本书的出版,完成了近代史研究所几代人的夙愿。对于1840—1949年完整的中国近代史来说,本书的撰写还是一个尝试。本刊特别约请我国近代史学界几位著名学者通过笔谈的形式发表看法,以期引起关注和讨论。     

云台山国家森林公园 天光云影 儒雅风流

景观特征：云台山属暖温带大陆性季风性气候。由于北部太行山系的屏障作用,背风向,山区地形复杂,气候随海拔与山势山形变化各异,差异明显。这里泉源丰沛、植被茂盛,名木古树、奇花异草遍布其间,种类达到400余种。最可贵的是,云台山植被中中药材蕴藏量丰富,除人参、灵芝外,还有闻名国内外的四大怀药——怀地黄、怀牛膝、怀菊花、怀山药以及茱萸、连翘、天麻、当归等名贵中药材200多种。     

土乡国家森林公园览胜

林海“花儿”红从哪里飘来天籁清音?穿林渡水不见伊人,如泣如诉令鸟语花香沉寂,如痴如醉在远客耳畔流韵。来了来了!来了歌的对话,土族阿姑绿阴半遮中捧酒劝饮;近了近了!近了心的距离,眼睛里撞进那娇羞的红晕……王母望月窗万千溶洞嶙峋层楼的灰石山顶,椭圆形窗棂透亮七彩天光祥云,嫦娥遥拜西王母婀娜献舞,青鸟探看霓裳羽衣风情万种。是在迎候周穆王八骏西游?是在回眸昆仑瑶池月影仙踪?奇山怪石总是借神话附丽灵光,想象翅膀在见仁见智中过滤混沌。玉帝擎天柱鬼斧神工将雄姿涅槃,矗起男人顽强欲念,远眺霄汉浩淼婵娟,俯瞰林海沉浮千古兴叹。倾…