山西吉县挂甲山摩崖造像调查简报

2007年的调查发现,造像分布密集,范围不大,保存较好。雕凿手法有高浮雕、浅浮雕和线雕。龛窟可分五组:第一组有3个龛和1个题记,第二组有3个龛和4个题记,第三组有1个龛和3个题记,第四组有2个龛和4个题记,第五组有2个龛和2个题记。根据造像的特点等推断,其年代为北齐至宋金时期。     

英国秘密档案中记载的印度华侨陆兴祺

本文利用了重要的、鲜为人知的中外有关文献 ,深入细致地论述了英国秘密档案中记载的民国初年护理西藏办事长官陆兴祺 ,并兼论印度华侨在维护中央对西藏的主权中所起的重要作用 ,介绍了清末至 2 0世纪 30年代护理西藏办事长官陆兴祺在印度活动时所涉及的重要背景、中外人物、其中的冲突、中外交涉及结果等 ,从而为民国年间的中外交涉以及有关西藏史和印度华侨的研究提供了有益的史料     

唐裴怀古墓志铭考释

2003年春河南孟州新出墓志,志主裴怀古为唐高宗、武则天时期著名将领,曾受命讨抚桂田及出使突厥.两<唐书>有传.史、志相较,不少记载可补史阙.墓志的出土为研究唐代前期和裴氏宗族的历史提供了重要资料.     

越南使臣与清代中越宗藩秩序

以朝贡为载体的清代中越宗藩关系,自清初康熙六年恢复确立至光绪十一年法吞蚀越南,历时200余年而终结。期间,作为朝贡国的越南,虽在形式上对中国清朝恭行事大之礼,而实际却为取得对清关系的主动、平等以及获得更多的国家利益而推行"内帝外臣"的邦交之道。因此每逢贡期,都要经过充分的准备,尤其对入清使臣的物色,更是精心挑选。那些肩负着两国邦交使命、深谙中国儒家文化精髓的越南使臣,为不辱使命,妥善处理与强大邻国清朝的关系,以为本国政权的巩固和安全提供保护,往往在遵循既存宗藩朝贡体制的前提下,为争取平等的双边话语权而煞费苦心。他们为整个清代中越双边关系的稳定发挥了重要作用。     

Graphical Reconstruction and Comparison of Royal Boat Iconography from the Causeway of the Egyptian King Sahure (c.2487–2475 BC)

Recently published reliefs from the causeway of Sahure and a review of contemporary iconography and archaeological data shed new light on a variety of features of Old Kingdom royal sailing boats and equipment, such as quarter rudders, rigging, signalling devices, decorations and crew. Furthermore, another relief depicts men paddling in a sequential or what appears to be a wave pattern. Only one other such relief exists. A comparison of both reveals that they are different boat types. One is a specialized racing boat and the other appears to be a larger boat possibly designed to be rowed.     

关税会议期间国民党在北方的民众动员

关税会议期间北方的民众动员是国民党民众动员的重要组成部分。国民党明确主张废除不平等条约,召开国民会议,并以此为号召,一方面发表宣言通电派出外交代表团进行宣传鼓动,另一方面进行党团运作,领导民众团体发起集会游行,取得了很好的动员效果。由此,国民党将国民革命运动推向北方尤其是军阀统治的中心北京。     

For the Benefit of All Men: Oceanography and Franco-American Scientific Diplomacy in the Cold War, 1958–1970**

In the 1960s, the growing strategic importance of ocean exploration led the French government to develop greater capacity in marine scientific research, aiming to promote cooperative and diplomatic relations with the leading states in ocean exploration. Devised during Charles de Gaulle's government (1958–1969), the restructuring of French oceanography culminated, in 1967, in the establishment of the state-led Centre National pour l'Exploitation des Océans (CNEXO). Beyond being intended to control the orientation of marine research at a national level, the CNEXO's mission was to use scientific diplomacy to balance a desire for enhancing international cooperative relations in oceanography with French ambitions to equal the USA's leading capacity to explore the oceans. Its director, the naval officer Yves la Prairie, played a crucial role in articulating scientific, national, and diplomatic interests for France in the oceans.     

Tidings from a Faraway East: The Russian Empire and Morocco

In 1898 the Russian Empire opened a consulate in Tangier, its first formal diplomatic mission in Morocco. This article examines the reasons behind Russia's approaches to the Sultanate in the wider context of Russian relations with the Arab Middle East. Russia's policy toward Morocco reflected a desire to build influence in the Arab world through ‘soft’ power - peaceful diplomacy laden with benevolent cultural and economic values. Strikingly, much Russian diplomatic rhetoric emphasized or pretended to cultural commonalities between Russia and the Middle East, focused on shared experiences of Islam, to position Russia as an influential ‘honest broker’ between Morocco and encroaching Western imperialist powers. This did not prevent France's establishment of a protectorate in 1912, but Russian goals in Morocco remained consistent through the First World War and up to the time of the Revolution of 1917, and mirrored efforts elsewhere in the Arab world.     

Ivan the Terrible's Struggle for International Recognition as Tsar in the Latter Half of the Sixteenth Century

Russia's coronation of Ivan IV as tsar in 1547 created a series of problems in diplomatic relations, including whether foreign powers would accept the title and whether foreign kings could be considered the equals ("brothers") of the Muscovite ruler.     

Fugitives and ethnography in Priscus of Panium

Abstract

Because the historical writings of Priscus of Panium survive only in fragments, we regrettably lack knowledge of the full complexity of this fifth century historian's concerns. Widely cited in Byzantine sources, the greatest part of Priscus’ work is found in the Excerpta de Legationibus, which was compiled from ancient texts by the emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitos in the middle of the tenth century as part of an encyclopedic collation of educational and practical information. The Excerpta, which dealt with international relations, found much of interest in Priscus, whose history included a detailed account of the struggle between the Romans and Attila the Hun. Of particular value is Priscus' first-hand account of an embassy to Attila in 449 to discuss the exchange of fugitives and other matters. On this journey Priscus served as an assistant to Maximinus, the leader of the diplomatic mission sent from Constantinople. Envoys to foreign lands regularly included in their reports detailed observations of the societies they visited, and in this tradition the fragments preserved in the Excerpta constitute an invaluable source of information about Hunnic life as well as diplomatic matters. Priscus later reworked his acute observations of the Huns made on the embassy and mixed them with other information in the larger framework of his historical treatise, adapting part of his diplomatic intelligence report to the needs of a different sort of literary enterprise. We cannot know with any certainty the thematic architectonics of this historical work, but its fragments make it clear that Priscus' treatment of the relations between Rome and the Empire of the Huns and his development of cultural issues implicit in those relations were more subtle than the tenth century editors' focus on diplomatics might suggest.     

西夏使臣群体小考

出使官员在西夏政治与外交中发挥了重要作用。西夏对外出使情况可概括为两个阶段:西夏政权建立初期,出使官员主要为入仕定难军政权进而后仕西夏的汉人官员;元昊以后,包括汉人官员在内的汉姓官员逐渐成为使臣主体并在出使活动中发挥诸多作用。使臣从汉人官员渐变为汉姓官员,出使官员所任官职、所担使命及其族属成分为我们研究西夏与周边政权的关系提供了鲜活多样的例证。     

The Exotic Portrayal of Women in Isabella Bird Bishop's Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan

Isabella Bird Bishop's Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan is presented as an objective picture of Persia, purportedly reflecting eye-witness accounts. Setting the narrative in its historical context and employing the concept of exoticism, this paper aims to unearth its subtle imperialist underpinnings. It argues that Bird's portrayal of Persian women and their mores and manners as exotic is an effect of a mode of representation which depicts and constructs difference based on a British-oriented system of evaluation, in line with its imperialist interest in Persia. As such, the exotic representation of Persian women in need of British benign tutelage and a chivalric mission could be interpreted as lending implicit support to Britain's colonial intervention in and imposition on Persia.