佛教对中国文化的影响（英文）

文化是人类社会的遗产,与宗教互相渗透影响。研究佛教对中国文化的影响有助于促进东西方交流。佛教与汉语、社会行为、艺术与文学有着根深蒂固的渊源。了解宗教与文化之间的联系有助于更好地促进跨文化交际。     

中西方位词的文化差异及翻译

语言是一种社会现象和文化载体,同时又是文化的一个重要组成部分。在语言的各要素中,词汇是基本要素。文化差异在词汇层面上有所体现,对词汇的理解也必然能体现民族或文化之间的差异。"东"、"西"、"南"、"北"这些方位词不仅是地理概念,而且与民族文化、宗教思想、风俗习惯密切相关,是一种文化现象。挖掘中西方位词所蕴涵的文化差异并分析其英译策略在跨文化交际和外语教学及翻译实践中具有重要意义。     

色彩词的宗教联想意义

本文仅从宗教影响的角度,通过中西对比的方式,浅析了白、黑、黄和红四种最具代表性的英汉色彩词在不同宗教中的各自独特的联想意义及其在现代中英文中的体现和应用,阐释了作为文化演变发展中极其重要的宗教因素对语言词语意义的巨大影响力,从而展示了词语远非只承载其概念意义,在进行跨文化及语言交流时对其文化内涵及联想意义也不容忽视。     

跨文化研究的理论和方法

19世纪末跨文化研究就已出现,爱德华·泰勒和刘易斯·摩根等人类学家收集研究多个文化的资料,探究人类社会文化模式及其演化。20世纪30年代起,乔治·默多克等学者采用民族志的方法对人类600多个文化进行大规模的调查研究,积累了卷帙浩繁的跨文化资料,为60年代以后广泛展开的跨文化研究打下基础。20世纪90年代以来,随着全球化的加速,跨文化研究进入新阶段。全球化突显了文化和宗教差异、文化交流和文化互动对人类社会发展的意义,推动学者们开辟跨文化研究的新领域。本文重点评述晚近跨文化研究的几个新领域:对"他者"的研究,对宗教的跨文化研究,对科技知识跨文化扩散的研究,对商品、物种、人员和思想跨区域交流的影响的研究,等等。论文认为跨文化研究从作为一种方法或范式——比较探究多个文化中的同类问题或现象,到重点研究跨越文化边界的交流、互动和影响,适应了当代历史意识和学术研究的需要。     

翻译与民族文化

在中国的民族文化发展中,翻译有着重要的作用。从跨文化角度来看,民族文化深刻的影响着翻译实践。本文主要分析翻译和民族文化之间的密切联系,并探讨两者之间的辩证关系。语言和文化是相辅相成的,文化中的语言是个重要的系统,作用重大。文化影响语言的发展,而文化也通过语言反映出来。语言能够反映包括文化背景、历史、习俗、生活方式等     

从中西宗教文化对比看其价值观

宗教经过长期的历史演变和发展,创造了丰富多彩的文化。正确地认识宗教的积极作用有助于我们更好地理解西方人的世界观和价值观。文章分析了中西方宗教在宗教精神上的主要区别,阐述了中西宗教文化差异对各自文化生活的影响,以期能使宗教文化的积极作用得到良好的发挥,促进跨文化交际的顺利实现。     

"一带一路"视域下安阳跨文化旅游研究

"一带一路"倡议的提出和实施为我国旅游业带来了新的活力,河南省安阳市作为八大古都之一,其历史文化背景深厚,吸引着大批外国游客前来观光,而这也催生了客源地文化与目的地文化之间的跨文化交流行为.本文将立足于"一带一路"倡议背景,阐释跨文旅游相关概念,梳理安阳发展跨文化旅游的优势,分析跨文化旅游对安阳旅游业带来的各方面影响,...     

浅谈中西方文化的发展趋势

在跨文化交际中,由于交际参与者的文化背景不同,文化冲突现象不可避免。但是随着各国间经济、文化及生活习惯密切联系,人类不断地跨越空间障碍和制度、文化等社会障碍在全球范围内实现充分沟通。本文试图分析文化发展的趋势,从而分析文化对语言的影响。     

世俗化与去世俗化的二元趋势——撒拉族民众的宗教信仰及其变迁研究

本文通过对宗教心态和行为、动机的调查与分析,讨论了撤拉族民众宗教信仰的变迁趋势及特征。认为：虽然现代化、社会转型、市场经济的建立、理性化带来的观念方面的冲击,使得撒拉族民众的社会、宗教生活出现了“世俗化”趋势;但也由于传统文化的影响,社会、民族、文化与自我认同的需要,撒拉族民众的宗教生活、社会生活也表现出较强的“去世俗化”趋势,即现代化进程中撒拉族民众宗教信仰的发展变迁是“世俗化”与“去世俗化”双重趋势并存。     

文化差异与英语专业新生综合英语教学

语言和文化关联密切,语言是一种社会现象和文化载体,同时又是文化的一个重要组成部分。不同的文化会赋予语言独特的语法和词汇结构并极大地影响说话者的表达习惯和思维逻辑。因此,了解和掌握文化差异对于外语学习者尤为重要。本文强调文化在综合英语教学中的重要性,并试图寻找能将跨文化交流融入综合英语教学的行之有效的方法,使英语专业新生能够熟悉中西方的文化历史、民情风俗,从而将语言与文化的教学有机地结合起来。     

Social practices and lifestyles in Italian youth cultures

Abstract

In recent decades, social research on youth in Italy has explored a wide range of issues through different interpretative and methodological approaches. However, there are very few studies that seek to identify the keynote features of the juvenile condition. This article argues that collective identities and forms of identification among youth are shaped more and more frequently through the sharing of social practices, of the meanings connected to these practices, and of more comprehensive lifestyles. With reference to four main fields (sport, music, politics, religion) and focusing on youth cultures, it analyses the connections between behaviours, attitudes, values and representations of youth actively involved in each of these different fields. The aim is to identify transversal processes through which young people today elaborate and adopt social practices and cultural profiles, create new social forms, and develop innovative signification processes.     

试论博物馆与公众关系的四种研究路径

近年来,公众之于博物馆的重要性持续攀升,甚至开始居于一种主导性的优先地位.博物馆学界相应地出现了 一系列暗含"公众转向"的话语.基于此,博物馆与公众关系成为一个重要的研究议题.博物馆与公众关系有四种路径:公众研究路径聚焦存在于博物馆内外的公众群体,以此分别发现公众之于博物馆和博物馆之于公众的价值;沟通关系路径侧重博物馆...     

Language,geography and identity: The case of the Welsh in London

This paper explores the role of language in the construction of Welsh identities in London. It begins by mapping out some key theoretical connections between language, geography and identity, and argues that a reading of diaspora theory might be helpful in conceptualizing Welsh identities in the British capital. In particular, diaspora theory stresses that identities are made up of multiple social axes that need to be seen relationally. Diasporic identities make connections with more than one place challenging the notion of culture and language as delimited by the boundaries of particular national spaces. For many Welsh people in London, language is an important part of their attempts to meet others who share a common identity. London-Welsh societies facilitate this need, defining language in different ways, and interweaving the linguistic with other social axes to form powerful senses of belonging. Whilst London is a key migration destination, it is also a space of Welsh identities that draw centrally upon language, but make different geographical connections with Wales. The paper concludes by arguing that a diasporic reading of such processes allows a wider and more progressive understanding of the Welsh language, and highlights the importance of geography in doing so.     

‘God was with me everywhere’: women’s embodied practices and everyday experiences of sacred space in Czechia

In this paper, we approach religion and spirituality through the analytic lens of the everyday and examine how ordinary women make sacred space through their embodied, emotional, and spatially varying practices. Our research is grounded in Czechia where about 80% of inhabitants do not declare any religious affiliation and ‘new’ religions are on the rise. We deploy auto-photography as a method that invites participants’ own visual representations and interpretative narrations of their quotidian experiences. Thirty-eight Christian, Buddhist, and non-religious women participated in this study in 2016. Our analysis of photographs and interviews shows that our participants turn places that are not primarily associated with religion or spirituality (such as a kitchen sink or a bus stop) into sacred or spiritual places while at the same time integrate officially sacred spaces (such as churches and meditation centers) into their daily lives through social activities. Thus, we argue that a mutually transformative process is taking place in contemporary Czechia. In this process, religiously affiliated and non-affiliated women alike transform everyday spaces into sacred sites through their embodied and emotional practices that seek calmness, peace, and transcendence. At the same time, women who participate in organized religions remake the sacrality of officially sacred sites through their emphasis on social connections and feelings of communal belonging and shared identity. Our findings underscore that sacred space is not fixed in any one location and its production involves the continual emotional and material investment by ordinary women.     

Civic religion in late medieval Europe

This article reassesses the value of a term that has proved very durable in late medieval historiography. It identifies three main research clusters using ‘civic religion’ (North American, Francophone and Germanic), and examines inherent problems with the term, particularly its association with ‘civil religion’ and its ambiguity of meaning, at once ‘urban’ (specific to towns) and ‘municipal’ (governmental). The term has been applied particularly to the city-states of northern Italy: the article also looks at three different cities outside this region, Zaragoza, Bruges and Salisbury, as case studies to consider the term's wider applicability. Despite their differences, this article argues that there were in all of them common religious practices associated with urban government; and that ‘civic religion’ does serve as a useful term to classify these practices as a basis for future research – not as aspects of advancing ‘civil religion’, but to describe the connections and elisions that city councils made in sacred terms between ‘municipal’ and ‘urban’ interests.     

Language,ethnicity and religion: a complex and persistent linkage

ABSTRACT. Among the markers of ethnonational identity, language and religion have figured with equal prominence. In many cases, religion has been the bedrock of nation‐building; and even today, it is difficult to separate a number of national identities from their religious matrices. Religious identity is based on, and perpetuated in, narratives expressed in a specific language. Language and religion are related; in our secular age, however, that relationship is no longer consistent. The two may feed upon one another; language may substitute for religion; or religion may trump language. This article explores the varying relationships between language and religion.     

Moving Words: Christian Language and the Modern World

Within the anthropology of Christianity, much attention has been paid to the convergence of Christianity with modern understandings of language. In this essay, I review scholarship that traces the historical connections between modern and Christian views of language, particularly in British colonial attacks on Hindu language practices, and I examine two recent ethnographies that offer different vantage points on the variety of ways in which contemporary Christians use language in a self-consciously modern way.     

Reading Anzac Religion and the Sacred: The Bible as a Central Text and Artefact of Australian Soldiers' Experience of the First World War*

This article demonstrates the resilience of religious traditions and practices among Australian soldiers, and the need for caution about presuming connections between the experience of modern war and secularisation. A core argument is that the Bible should be understood as a central text and cultural artefact of Australian soldiers' experience of the First World War. The pocket New Testament was the most widely possessed book among Australian soldiers, and probably the most read and valued. For many it offered profound religious, moral, and emotional consolation. For others it possessed talismanic qualities, conjured home associations, or became an “object of memory.” Communal reading practices made Testaments prominent in the aural experience of war, but such practices could also elicit antipathy towards religion. Taken together, these findings inform scholarship on the mentalités and material culture of Australian war experience, challenging the longstanding scholarly and popular myth of the secular Australian soldier. Additionally, the article breaks new ground in situating Australian experience within a substantial international scholarship on the crucial role of religion (both official and popular) among soldiers of all combatant nations. Partly due to its majority Protestant population, Australian soldiers' Bible possession and usage resembled that of Anglo-Saxon and German Protestants.     

缅甸中、印移民同化问题比较分析

移民同化于当地是一种多维的社会互动过程,其表现和影响因素是多方面的。近代以来迁移缅甸的华人和印度移民同化于当地的情况是不同的。本文从语言、宗教信仰、生活习俗和族际通婚四个方面概述了华人和印度人的同化情况,认为华人比印度人更快同化于当地。本文也分析了影响二者同化程度不同的原因,认为主要是二者在人口、经济、移民性质、宗教信仰、种姓、偏见、体质等七个方面的差异所致。作者指出,上述七个影响因素并不单独具有绝对的解释力,它们相互交织,彼此作用,形成影响华人和印度人同化情况不同的合力。