肯定的原理——论尼采的“命运之爱”

在尼采思想中,“命运之爱”思想具有特殊意义。尼采把“命运之爱”看作哲学家所能达到的最高状态。他本人曾一再强调：“我衡量人之中伟大的公式是命运之爱。”“命运之爱是我的最内在的本性。”。实际上,他的所有后期思想都是以“命运之爱”为背景展开的,因此从概念上把握“命运之爱”是理解尼采后期思想的关键所在。     

旅游竞争力评价范式：反思与启示

旅游竞争力研究已经成为旅游学术界的一个热点。然而,国内外关于旅游竞争力的评价,基本上是沿用波特的国家竞争力评价范式,相互之间的差异无外乎“指标选择”或“权重配置”两个方面。本文在回顾文献的基础上,从理论和实证两个角度对当前的旅游竞争力评价范式进行了反思。从理论分析来看,当前旅游竞争力评价范式的假设前提并不成立,对指标的选取也值得商榷;从实证角度来看,其所建构的模型难以解释诸多旅游地的发展。本文认为旅游竞争力的大小绝不等同于各个竞争要素“绝对数值”的简单求和,而是隐含在由旅游体验所决定的需求结构、竞争要素之间的结构性构造以及不同竞争目的她的“相对地位”之中。简言之,旅游竞争力的大小,从需求来看,取决于需求结构及其变化;从供给上看,取决于竞争要素的相对地位及其结构所决定的旅游地的相对优势。     

Suffering in Silence: The Political Aesthetics of Pain in Antonine Art

Abstract

In this paper, two striking representations of screaming or shouting male barbarians, one on the Column of Marcus Aurelius in Rome and the other on the Pannonian tombstone of the Roman legionary C. Septimus, are analysed and discussed in detail. These two disturbing and provocative images of suffering are situated in the broader context of institutionalised violence in Roman society, as reflected in certain kinds of judicial punishments and in the games in the arena, and of depictions of pain and suffering in other contexts, both ancient and modern.     

三岛由纪夫美学观的形成和变异

三岛由纪夫是一位非常复杂的作家,其作品中表现出的男性之美以及健壮的肌肉,大海的波涛和南国的太阳等象征性描述,往往使读者感到迷惑,尤其是晚年的政治表现和切腹自杀的那幕闹剧,要使得学界围绕其人和其美学观长期争论不休,本文试图从病迹学的角度解释这位作家美学观的形成和变异。     

Emphasising the Positive: The Critical Role of Schlegel's Aesthetics

In its relationship with that which might be considered to exist beyond the perceived limits of philosophical discourse—for the sake of brevity let us call it the Absolute—Early German Romanticism tends to be presented either as mystically positivistic and therefore wholly unphilosophical, or as philosophically informed and committed to a sort of critical antifoundationalism that offers, at best, a negative non-relation to the Absolute. Naturally enough, these two opposing positions give rise to opposing reconstructions of Romantic aesthetics. Whilst broadly in agreement with the latter interpretation, this article argues, in relation to Friedrich Schlegel, that in the rush to establish the philosophical credentials of Frühromantik, some of its complexity has been jettisoned and along with it a more accurate understanding of the guiding spirit of Romantic aesthetics. Drawing on Fichte and Walter Benjamin, it will be argued that Schlegel's notion of the Wechselerweis is intended to bridge the ideal and the real in a positive experience of negation and that his much-vaunted aesthetics amounts to an attempt to develop a philosophico-literary form that would be able to express or, rather, perform precisely this.     

The Creation and Dissolution of the Multinational State: The Case of Yugoslavia

Abstract. The article draws on Randall Collins' interpretation of a Weberian sociology of legitimacy and the importance of geostrategy in explaining the contrasts between the creation and dissolution of Yugoslavia. The creation of Yugoslavia is interpreted as the outcome of the expansionist policy of the Serbian elite which was justified by the inclusion of all the ethnic Serbs into one state and made possible by the geostrategically weak positions of the Croatian and Slovenian elites. Different starting positions and motivations for unification led to a struggle among elites over the definition of the newly united state, particularly over the centralization–federalisation issue. The situation of communist Yugoslavia was a different one – the country was balancing between the ‘East’ and the ‘West’. This balance – which, along with the memories of the ‘liberation struggle’, was the main source of the legitimacy of the regime – was destroyed with the cessation of the cold war. The newly created situation had two important results. First, the potential threat from the communist east had disappeared. Second, Slovenia and Croatia were attracted to the idea of integration into western Europe. This situation was substantially different than in the period of the creation of the Yugoslav state, in which western Europe was perceived as a potential threat to the existence of Croatia and Slovenia. Now, the perception of threat came from the east – from the ‘unreformed’ Serbia. The attraction to the west was much weaker in Serbia, where the old communist power structure stayed intact. The new situation, and the political elites' perception of it, created the tension which finally destroyed the basis of the multinational state.     

生命的轮回

<正>春染眉梢大地枯黄草,情涌花尾翘。南山尚残雪,春来染眉梢。擂台叫阵雄鸡一唱天际白,乌篷披身出山寨。激情何惧寒风冷,旷野嘶鸣摆擂台。黑琴鸡,鸡形目,松鸡科,俗称乌鸡、斗鸡。雄鸡通体黑色,形似古琴,故得名黑琴鸡。雄鸡体长约60厘米,雌鸡45厘米。黑琴鸡在多地均有分布,栖息于针叶林、森林草原、草甸、河谷等地,以植     

生命的轮回

正春染眉梢大地枯黄草,情涌花尾翘。南山尚残雪,春来染眉梢。擂台叫阵雄鸡一唱天际白,乌篷披身出山寨。激情何惧寒风冷,旷野嘶鸣摆擂台。黑琴鸡,鸡形目,松鸡科,俗称乌鸡、斗鸡。雄鸡通体黑色,形似古琴,故得名黑琴鸡。雄鸡体长约60厘米,雌鸡45厘米。黑琴鸡在多地均有分布,栖息于针叶林、森林草原、草甸、河谷等地,以植