虎卣新论

虎卣即著名的青铜虎食人卣。器表是一组龙、凤、虎相斗的纹饰,人是御龙的珥蛇践蛇神,神人面对虎表现的是戏虎、弄虎。虎卣的装饰象征狩猎、治兵、敬奉山川。     

唯物史观视野中的历史必然性问题

历史必然性是唯物史观理论体系所要论证的核心问题之一。历史必然性思想具有重要的本体论和认识论依据,历史必然性与人的历史主动性有逻辑关联,历史必然性与偶然性之间存在着辩证统一的关系,强调历史必然性思想是人类推动社会进步的强大理论武器,在未来预测中具有重要的科学意义。     

《秘密花园》的女性主义解读

弗朗西斯·霍奇森·伯内特(Frances Hodgson Bumett)的儿童小说<秘密花园>(The secret Garden,1911)是其最著名、最成功的作品.人物塑造是这部作品的成功基础.除此之外,由于它体现了作者的女性主义思想.这一努力,同样是作品艺术魅力的重要所在.本文试图从人物、小说类型及花园的隐喻意义三个方面,从女性主义角度解读这部小说,探讨的笔触主要在于:第一,对人物的分析集中在两个少年人物——玛丽和迪肯,说明作者对"双性同体"思想的肯定.第二,该小说的类型使其成为形式独特的儿童小说.作者打破了传统中男孩子的书和女孩子的书的界限,将历险小说和家庭小说结合在一起.第三,伯内特给秘密花园赋予了隐喻意义.荒芜了十年的花园在玛丽的手中复活,因此它象征着女性发挥创造力的园地,是其"自己的屋子".     

墨西哥革命新解——一种“小传统”的命运

20世纪70年代以来,西方学术范式发生了革命性转换：从研究政治生活转向日常生活,从精英政治转向草根阶层。这种范式转换不仅为我们重新解读墨西哥革命提供了可能,而且使我们对墨西哥革命建构主义下的“小传统”命运有了更多的关注和新的认知。     

先秦道家"道"论新解

"道"在中国思想史上是负载最重的语词.文化变局和时代危机,使先秦道家以"道"重新思考宇宙人生的各种关系.他们的"道"论有三重含义:喻指每一个体;隐含每一个体背后的他者;最高的道德境界.以此他们完成了从天的视域转向人的视域,并始终保持天人之间的联系,使道成为一个统摄所有现象、包揽一切的概念,也开启了诸子百家共同关注的时代课题.     

环境解说评估研究综述

环境解说评估具有导向、鉴定、改进、管理、调控以及服务功能。国外的环境解说评估注重运用定性与定量分析结合的方式,研究内容包括：游客对解说媒体满意度和偏好、环境解说评估的方法和效果、环境解说的综合评估、环境解说评估标准等。国内相关研究起步比较晚,研究内容多为探讨解说效果和游客满意度,也有少量关于环境解说评估的理论思考以及评估方式探讨。本文认为,需要进一步扩展环境解说评估的对象,丰富环境解说评估的方法,加强前期评估和阶段评估的研究,并建立起环境解说标准。     

September 11: A Christian Fundamentalist Interpretation

Abstract

This article analyses sermons preached by Free Presbyterian ministers in the United States following the World Trade Centre tragedy and the attack on the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. It explores how these religious fundamentalists made sense of the event theologically. While terrorists carried out the attack, ultimately God was believed to have been responsible. It was considered God's way of punishing the American nation for its sin. Ministers' use of the Old Testament and God's covenantal relationship with ancient Israel is both the theological and historical backdrop to their explanation of September 11. Concentration on the Old Testament and fundamentalists' exegetical approach means that politics and religion are tightly intertwined. Emphasis on the militaristic portions of the Old Testament also helps justify the war in Iraq. Although Free Presbyterian doctrine is based on institutional separatism and believers' withdrawal from "the world" the sermons connect parishioners to their wider society through a shared sense of patriotic loyalty and national loss.     

Coalport Bridge: A Study in Historical Interpretation

Abstract

Industrial archaeologists frequently demand the preservation of monuments. Such preservation can be justified on the grounds that a monument has an educational function, or sometimes that it has potential for excavation. It is the purpose of this article to suggest that a surviving monument continually poses questions about its own past, and about wider historical issues, and to show how the understanding of one particular monument, the Coalport Bridge, has increased over the last twelve years, not just because new documentary sources have come to light, but because it has been possible to use the evidence of the structure itself to test the authenticity of other sources.     

西方遗产诠释思想述要

遗产诠释是一种旨在揭示文化和自然遗产内涵及价值的行为,其功能包括遗产保护、旅游管理、休闲娱乐、教育、宣传等。对遗产诠释的研究源于美国,自提尔顿以"通过诠释,以致了解;通过了解,以致欣赏;通过欣赏,以致保护"为中心的诠释思想奠定了西方遗产诠释理论研究的基础后,遗产诠释研究随即在英国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国家发展起来。现在,西方已经形成一系列的诠释理念和经验。介绍和梳理西方有影响的诠释思想,可为中国的遗产诠释研究和实践工作提供参考和借鉴。     

The Women of Brassempouy: A Century of Research and Interpretation

  The discovery of female figurines at Brassempouy in the 1890's would launch more than a century of debate and interpretation concerning Paleolithic representations of women. The figurines emerged from the ground into a colonial intellectual and socio-political context nearly obsessed with matters of race. This early racial interpretive frame would only be replaced in the mid 20th century, when prehistorians turned to questions such as fertility and womanhood. The first figurines were discovered in 1892 under rather tortured circumstances in which their very ownership was the subject of a heated dispute between Edouard Piette and Emile Cartailhac. Their toxic relationship would lead Piette, in his subsequent excavations, to be extremely precise about issues of stratigraphic and spatial provenience. Piette's publications and archives enabled Henri Delporte to confirm the Gravettian attribution of the figurines and have allowed the present author to create a map of their spatial distribution within the site. Technological and microscopic analysis of the Brassempouy figurines resolves some lingering questions about the sex of certain of the figurines and suggests an original context of figurine fabrication and the abandonment of unsuccessful sculpting attempts.

唐代隐逸兴盛成因的社会学阐释

唐代隐逸兴盛的成因对把握唐代隐逸的特质、风貌及其与唐诗的关系意义重大。这一风尚的盛行与唐代的社会政治、经济状况和思想文化密切相关。政治上 ,唐代帝王对隐士优渥褒扬是刺激唐代隐逸发展的强大动力。科举制度方面 ,士子科举落第、仕途的挫折、中晚唐科场的流弊以及高隐制举的设立都使唐人的隐逸行为较前代变得更为频繁。从思想文化方面看 ,带有传统隐士色彩的隐居习道风气的盛行使唐代道教徒式的隐士大大增加 ;佛家遁迹山林的修行方式、清静超脱的人生境界也吸引着唐代文人奔趋山林。从经济基础看 ,唐代日益普及的私家园林 ,成为唐人实践仕隐两兼、满足其恬淡的隐逸情怀的理想境地 ,并构成唐人践履隐逸、满足其优游于出处进退的三径之资     

释巴

上博简《缁衣》"万邦作"的""字,比勘传世文献应读"孚",但该字实是"巴"字。甲骨文中旧释为"御"的""、金文中旧释为"卩"的""其实也都是"巴"字。"巴"、"孚"音近,验之甲骨文、金文辞例,"巴"均读为"孚",训"信"、"应验",多能得到合理的解释。此外,"巴"与"卩"古文字形体容易混淆,诸如《诗·节南山》之"节"或作"祒",《楚辞·离骚》也有"巴"误作"节"等。从形体上分析,"巴"似是"把"的初文,是一个会意字。