HISTORIOGRAPHY IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

G eschichtswissenschaft im Z eitaltr der E xtreme : T heorien ; M ethoden ; T endenzen von 1900 bis zur G egenwart. By Lutz Raphel.     

THE EXCHANGES OF COPPER IN THE ANCIENT MIDDLE EAST

Introduction In Anatolia, the birth and the development of metallurgy intervened between the 9th and 3rd millenniums as well as testify the more and more frequent apparitions of metals artefacts in the inventory of the archeological objects of this period.     

二十世纪上半叶北京和天津城市土地利用扩展的对比研究

对比北京、天津在各个历史时期的城市核心区建成区的范围,结果发现北京在本世纪上半叶城市核心区总体上扩展速度非常缓慢,个别时段内甚至趋于倒退;相反,天津建成区却是迅速扩张的。造成上述差别的原因主要是二城市在城市性质、城市化驱动机制和帝国主义在华投资政策不同所致。     

九十年代中东地缘政治的因素与机制探讨

中东是个独特的政治地理区域,90年代以来正在走向多极化。影响中东地缘政治的因素丰富多样,本文对其中的地理位置、国土、自然资源、民族、宗教、地区霸权等最重要的因素进行了简要的论述。并在提出国家影响力、地缘政治影响力概念的基础上,设计了简明的公式,对中东地缘政治稳定度作了定量探讨,文间还结合当前中东政局中的重大问题和主要特征进行了分析。     

POLITICAL RISKS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND FOOD POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST

This article analyses agricultural and food policies in the Middle East. The author finds that they are inescapably political. He attributes them primarily to governmental decisional styles that are impatient with incremental solutions yet wedded to minimal risk strategies.     

EXPLORING IDENTITY AND PLACE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE PROVENANCE OF PASSAGE GRAVE STONES ON GUERNSEY AND JERSEY IN THE MIDDLE NEOLITHIC

Summary. This study examines the provenance of rock types used in the construction of Middle Neolithic passage grave stones on the islands of Guernsey and Jersey, focusing on the social dimensions of stone selection. The use of stones in passage grave construction includes both local and non-local rock types, which at some sites are organized in distinctive patterns. It is argued that the choice of stones was bound by concepts of identity, and that the communities which gathered to build these monuments may have used specific rock types to represent their community and their local mythologies. The relationship between identity and stone selection is supported both by analogy and by research into the role of landmarks in the development of local landscapes and ideology. The success of megalith provenance studies on Guernsey and Jersey suggests considerable potential for future research in other geologically diverse regions.     

THE CONSTITUTION OF PHILISTINE IDENTITY: ETHNIC DYNAMICS IN TWELFTH TO TENTH CENTURY PHILISTIA

The process and date of the Philistine settlement in Canaan have received a great deal of scholarly attention. As well, scholars have also devoted much attention to the expansion of Philistine interaction with Levantine societies prior to the Philistines' assimilation in the late Iron Age. While most studies view Philistine integration and acculturation as a gradual process, a close examination of the detailed faunal and ceramic evidence suggests otherwise. It appears that due to various processes of boundary maintenance, the Philistines maintained high ethnic boundaries with their neighbours for at least 150–200 years, before (quite suddenly) losing most of their unique traits in the tenth century BC.