是"编"还是"编纂"

首轮志书和第二轮志书的大多数都在封面(护封)上署有"××地方志编纂委员会编",也有署"××地方志编纂委员会编纂"和"×××地方志编纂委员会"的."编"有编辑之义,指"对资料或现成的作品进行整理、加工".而"编纂"也有编辑之义,但多指资料较多、篇幅较大的著作.从地方志编纂的复杂程序、繁多的劳动和浩大篇幅看,非一"编"字所能涵括,应标明"编纂"二字.再者,标"编"容易把地方志理解成编辑作品,即汇编作品,而地方志是科学资料性著述,为避免误解,也以标"编纂"为好.     

Culture or politics

Furet, F., and Ozouf, M., eds., Terminer la révolution; Mounier et Barnave dans la révolution française (Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 1990), 181pp., 98F., ISBN 7 06 10391 4

Furet, F., Ozouf, M., eds., The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture: Vol. 3. The Transformation of Political Culture 1789–1848 (Pergamon Press, 1989), 693pp., £80, ISBN 0 080 324260 4     

Oppression or liberality

Jerome S. Handler. The Unappropriated People: Freedmen in the Slave Society of Barbados. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974. xii + 225 pp. Maps, tables, illustrations, and index. $10.00 (cloth).     

环境史:定义、内容与方法

环境史研究是历史研究的一部分,国内外都有人从事这方面的研究,并取得了一定的成绩,受到学术界的关注。然而,由于环境史研究起步比较晚,是20世纪后半叶开始的,因此,对环境史研究有关的一些理论问题,尚缺乏深入探讨。当此环境史研究方兴未艾之际,应当对这项研究的性质、目的、内容、重点以及研究方法等问题进行讨论,以明确环境史的研究方向,加快环境史研究的前进步伐。     

Promoting innovation Innovate or die

Abstract

The concept of innovation is analysed and misconceptions are condemned. The Rolls-Royce engine RB211 and the Pilkington glass float process are cited as profitable examples of British innovations. Intellectual property is considered as a tradable commodity in the form of patents which can be bought and sold. The need to communicate with the City of London is discussed together with the international context within which innovation operates. It is concluded that essentially innovation must be internally driven.     

铜制虎造型赏析

商代是中国青铜器的核心时期。商代晚期,即殷墟文化期,青铜器装饰最为发达,内容和种类丰富多彩,繁缛富丽,动物和神怪主题得到了空前发展,成为古代装饰艺术的典范。这一时期的虎形铜雕在河南安阳殷墟、四川广汉三星堆及江西新干大洋洲等地,已有不少出土和发现。河南安阳殷墟出土的青铜器,是商代晚期的代表作,不仅品类较全、形式     

Sing me some glinka or dargomyzhsky

I wish to express my gratitude to the College of Fine Arts, Arizona State University, and to Dean Seymour Rosen, for a grant enabling me to complete this paper. Thanks also are due to the Russian and East European Center of the University of Illinois, Urbana, for its support of part of the project; to Laurence H. Miller and the staff of the university's Special Languages Library and to M. Balachandran of the Commerce Library; and to Professor Roland John Wiley of the School of Music, The University of Michigan, for a number of thoughtful suggestions.     

个人权力之争还是政治态度之争——也谈宁粤对峙、和解与制度变迁

1931年的宁粤对峙是国民政府时期重大的历史事件.九一八事变后,在停止冲突共赴国难的政治背景下,宁方在粤方的强大压力下被迫让步,蒋介石下野.国民党通过中央政制改革案,强化党权,采用责任内阁制,双方初步和解.宁粤对峙既是个人权力之争,也体现了双方的政治态度.宁粤和解未能从根本上解决制度难题,党内冲突继续存在.1935年底汪精卫遇刺后,蒋兼任行政院院长,实现了个人集权,但未走向独裁政治.通过和解方式建立的政制始终存在着反集权的力量,如民主宪政的政治诉求,它在一定的舆论空间与制度空间内,一直有其生根发芽的土壤与成长的机会.