明清时期乡村社会治理的空间机制——基于领域性视角

从地理学视角看,乡村治理的过程主要表现为乡村空间权属和空间权力的配置,即领域化和再领域化。本文从当代乡村治理的问题出发,运用领域理论分析明清时期乡村治理中的空间-社会关系及其领域化机制。研究表明：县级政府构建的行政领域难以实现全面有效的治理,乡绅主导构建的社会领域基于乡村特征划定边界和提供公共物品并部分替代了行政领域,其具体领域化机制为家族-宗族-乡族三级治理体系。本文认为明清时期乡村治理存在多元领域,行政领域与社会领域通过有效的协调机制相互补充使乡村治理更有效。乡村治理应注重对当地社会领域和市场领域的培育,同时增强行政领域治理的有效性及其与其他领域的协调能力。     

我国河流水生态环境现状问题及治理策略探讨

首先总结了十三五以来我国水生态环境治理开展的工作以及取得的成就,阐述我国河流水生态环境现状;然后对在水生态环境治理工作中遇到的问题及困难进行梳理,针对我国河流水生态环境治理中存在的问题提出相应的对策,为今后开展河流水生态环境治理工作方向提供参考.     

浅谈社会管理发展的历史和国际视角

我国的社会管理的发展离不开中国社会现代化的推进,同样也离不开当代社会环境的历史变迁。中国的社会发展是世界历史发展不可缺少的一部分,可以说,世界的社会管理发展为中国的社会管理发展提供了良好的机遇和平台。从世界的角度出发,从第二次世界大战开始,许多国家开始试图实现国家现代化,当然有的成功有的失败,但是不可否认的是,现代社会管理已经被大家提上日程。二战之后,人们结合之前成功或失败的经验,深入研究社会管理政策,这也就预示着,社会管理理论将成为学术理论界的一个重要关注点之一。     

民主协商视角下基层社会治理研究

党的十九届四中全会首次提出将民主协商纳入社会治理体系当中.之所以将民主协商放在如此重要的地位,是因为新时代我们既要应对高质量发展所面临的各种风险挑战,又要面临社会稳定发展中诸多涉及人民切身利益的问题需要通过开展对话协商的方式进行,而民主协商作为我们党治国理政的优良传统之一,是建立在平等互信基础上平等对话交流、化解矛...     

社会建设视角下社会组织的文化认同研究

价值认同是文化认同的核心,在我国社会不断朝着现代化方向发展的背景下,社会价值多元化趋势逐渐明显,迫使人们的文化认同甚至是社会认同、国民认同陷入了危机.社会组织作为社会服务的三大主体之一,与政府、企业相比处于明显的弱势地位.总的来说,社会组织无论是在规模、数量还是在能力上,与现代服务需求还存在一定的差距,在这样的情况下就...     

社会资本视角下村民参与乡村治理的困境和路径探析

乡村治理是实现乡村振兴的重要内容和内在保障,乡村治理离不开村民的参与.本文基于实地调研,从社会资本视角出发,发现目前村民参与乡村治理面临着参与意识薄弱、参与网络松散、信任弱化、村规民约约束力下降的困境.通过培育村民的主体参与意识,培育社团组织,构筑发达的乡村社会网络关系,加强诚信教育,提升村民之间的人际信任,规范村规民...     

协同治理视域下的基层社会治理研究

国家治理体系和国家治理能力现代化是社会未来的发展趋势,社区作为基层社会的基本单位,其治理效果会直接影响到基层社会治理、甚至影响国家治理.俯视当下,基层社会主要面临部门治理碎片化、公共服务供给不足和社会资本发育不良等治理问题.针对这些问题,基于协同治理理论,构建整体型政府、完善公共服务供给和积累培育社会资本,建立政府主导...     

西方社会空间视角下的郊区化研究及其启示

作为一种分散型城市化,郊区化始于20世纪20年代,盛于二战后的发达国家。西方早期的郊区化研究主要集中在郊区化的发展浪潮,郊区化的界定方法、发展机制、后果和政府调控等方面,90年代所提出的\"新郊区化\"概念将郊区化与边缘城市、郊区次级就业中心的发展联系在一起。21世纪以来,社会空间成为西方郊区化研究者最关注的话题。本文基于近年西方学者关于郊区化研究的最新文献,从郊区化与居住空间重构、郊区化与住房选择和分异、郊区化与居民通勤行为、郊区化与居民生活空间、郊区化的社会影响等方面总结了西方学者在社会空间视角下的郊区化研究方面所取得的研究成果。然后,分析了西方研究议题转变和研究方法创新对中国郊区化研究所带来的启示。最后,从研究视角拓展、定性方法应用、微观机理探讨、多重互动模式建构等方面对未来中国郊区化的研究进行展望。     

印度民族自决观念的演变(1919—1945)——国际社会的研究视角

作为民族主义的一种表现形式,以及国际法、国际关系的重要概念和原则,民族自决在世界历史进程中发挥了重要作用。将印度置于国际社会的背景下,考察印度民族主义者的能动性与国际社会中主导大国间的互动,可以发现印度的民族自决观念是国际社会合法性危机及其国内民族运动相互作用的产物。它的演变经历了本土化和国际化两个阶段：一战爆发、巴黎和会召开和印度加入国际联盟,推动了印度民族自决观念的本土化,出现了从追求自治到追求独立的转变;以1929年为分界点,印度的民族自觉观念开始走向国际化,表现为印度对全球范围的反殖民网络的呼吁,以及大国对此给予的关注和支持。在印度民族主义者的努力和大国的推动下,民族自决从一种原则转变为国际法和国际规范的重要组成部分。在这一过程中,印度民族主义者的活动在一定程度上影响了相关的国际规范和国际合法性的塑造。     

商品链视角下K-pop偶像的生产—消费政治研究

本文引入 Sack 的道德地理相关理论,从商品链中生产与消费节点的地方—道德维度,考察 Kpop 偶像商品链中生产与消费节点间的互动机制。研究表明：①新自由主义理念构建下的地理要素促进了K-pop偶像产业的高效运转,但阻碍了 K-pop练习生的差异化与多元化发展,因此具有消极的内在地理特征。②媒介营造了 K-pop 偶像后现代性的消费场景,满足了消费者对于空间情境、寻求认同以及创造意义的需求,但其对生产地事实的掩盖使得消费空间丧失了地方真实性与复杂性,呈现单一、割裂的内在地理特征。③K-pop偶像的生产与消费景观作为积极的工具道德地理景观促进了商品链的高效运作与循环,但其生产与消费互动具有消极的内在地理特征,不利于人们对客观世界的感知。     

The Australian National University's Department of International Relations: the early years

This article is a contribution to the re-evaluation of the formative years of the emergent international relations discipline. Work on this topic, extensive over the past decade and a half, has overturned a number of the foundational myths of the global discipline, especially regarding the period between the two world wars. The literature on international relations in Australia, slow to reflect this re-evaluation, generally still locates the first important developments in the 1960s, and characterises the scholarship that emerged as predominantly ‘realist’. This study both pushes back the boundaries and challenges the theoretical perspectives used to categorise thinking in Australia at that time. A student of C. A. W. Manning and thus conversant with British ideas of ‘international society’, George Modelski's early exposure to theoretical work in the USA and his endeavours to give his department a strongly regional focus gave his work a richness and multifaceted character not easily captured by the ‘realist–rationalist’ dichotomy. Modelski went on from the Australian National University to become a major figure in international relations in the USA, contributing to the original debates on globalisation and best known for his work on ‘long cycles’ in world politics.     

Buttressing the West in the North: The Atlantic Alliance,Economic Warfare,and the Soviet Challenge in Iceland, 1956–1959

MICHAEL MCCORMICK. Origins of the European Economy: Communications and Commerce, AD 300-900. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xxviii, 1,101. $60.00 (US). Reviewed by Warren Treadgold     

Struggling Pasts: A Commentary

This commentary is organized into three parts. The first discusses the papers presented in this volume, notably divided into two themes: those that looked at past struggles and those that look at struggling in the present. The second part deals more critically with the unifying analytical theme of the papers: a dialectical approach to historical archaeology and how it can be implemented through the theory of internal relations. The final section of this commentary takes this idea and applies it to the archaeology of landscape and the production of social space.     

国际关系的演化变迁与中印\"兄弟\"情谊的大起大落

中印\"兄弟\"情谊的大起大落,是尼赫鲁时代中印双边关系最引人注目的特征。尼赫鲁时代中印\"兄弟\"情谊的大起大落与许多因素相关,国际关系的演化变迁即是其中的重要因素。全球冷战背景下的印巴敌视、中美对抗、中苏友好、美巴结盟催生了中印兄弟情谊的到来;而中苏分歧、印苏友好、中美敌对、印美接近、印巴对抗、中巴联合则加剧了中印关系的恶化与破裂。尼赫鲁时代中印\"兄弟\"情谊的大起大落,从国际关系演化变迁的视角,为当代和未来中印关系提供了值得反思和借鉴的经验与教训。     

Anglo-American followers or Antipodean iconoclasts? The 2008 TRIP survey of international relations in Australia and New Zealand

This article examines the results of the world's largest ever survey of international relations (IR) scholars with an eye to establishing the particularities of the discipline in Australia and New Zealand. The survey covered the areas of teaching, research, the structure of the profession and scholars’ views on foreign policy. From these results, this paper compares IR in New Zealand and Australia, and discusses the extent to which the discipline in these two countries is distinctive from its overseas counterparts, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom. The particular areas of focus include the degree to which the field in Australasia conforms to or differs from US or Commonwealth identities; epistemological and gender divides; the distinctive foci of what IR scholars in both countries teach and research; which publications are favoured and disfavoured; and the contrasting linkages between academia and the world of government and policy. We conclude with some suggestions about how the field in both countries might be improved.     

Introduction: global perspectives on gender–water geographies

This introduction summarizes the work featured in the themed section of Gender, Place and Culture titled ‘Global geographies of gender and water’. It brings into dialogue scholars investigating a variety of gender–water relationships at different scales, including: poisoned waterscapes; fishing practices; and the implications of neoliberal water policies. The authors featured purposefully engage with the multi-faceted ways in which experiences, discourses and policies of water are gendered, and how gender is created through processes of access, use and control of water resources. In bringing these articles together, we have consciously aimed to support inclusive, feminist collaborative work and to prioritize diversity.     

Ways of Combining the Economy of the Indigenous Peoples of the North with New Economic Activities in Pioneering Areas

Integrated development of the pioneering areas of northern Siberia requires that the economy of the indigenous population be combined with the new mining industries. In the early stages of development this was achieved by hiring out reindeer as draft and pack animals to geological and other survey parties in remote areas. With the development of modern transportation, the reindeer economy should be reoriented from its past exclusive transport functions to the production of meat and hides for a growing urban population in the new mining settlements.     

Pre-1949 Chinese IR: an occluded history

Chinese scholars have achieved a comprehensive consensus on the disciplinary history of International Relations (IR) in China. However, this collective understanding of the evolution of Chinese IR is problematic because it denies the existence of pre-1949 Chinese IR and mistakenly sets the starting point of Chinese IR to be the mid 1960s, thus providing a progressive image of the IR discipline in China which is historically untenable. This essay rectifies this misunderstanding by reconstructing the history of Chinese IR before 1949. It verifies the existence of pre-1949 Chinese IR by reviewing the IR-relevant institutional setting in Chinese universities before 1949 and comparing the situation before 1949 with that in the mid 1960s, when the three IR departments were established. Further, the essay tentatively explains why pre-1949 Chinese IR has disappeared in the mainstream discourse of the history of Chinese IR. It argues that the interruption of the evolution of IR in China in the early 1950s and the specific power–knowledge interaction mode established in Chinese IR in the late 1950s are the two main causes responsible for the absence of pre-1949 Chinese IR in the history of the IR discipline in China.