史前图画文字的余留——岩画

史前图画文字的余留——岩画的发现,遍及世界五大洲的一百五十余个国家和地区。在中国,现发现的岩画点,有黑龙江、内蒙古、新疆、宁夏、甘肃、青海、西藏、山西、山东、四川、贵州、云南、广西、广东、海南、福建、江苏、台湾、     

滨海地区博物馆的特色与任务

中国的滨海地区,幅员十分辽阔.在1万8千公里的海岸线上,就有辽宁、河北、天津、山东、江苏、上海、浙江、福建、广东、广西、海南、台湾等12个省市和香港、澳门二个特别行政区,省辖市以上的大中城市有丹东、大连、营口、秦皇岛,天津、烟台、威海、青岛、南京、常州、无锡、苏州、镇江、连云港、南通、扬州、上海、杭州、宁波、温州、淑江、福州、莆田、泉州、厦门、漳州、汕头、广州、茂名、湛江、深圳、珠海、北海、海口、通什、以及香港、澳门、台北,基隆、台中、台南、高雄等40多座城市,如果把以上省市全部辖区内的市都放进去.数量则超过100个,这些城市大多有2个以上规模比较可观.基础比较好的博物馆,这是中国博物馆事业发展的主要阵地和重要因素.     

内容与形式统一的典范——读《和田市志》有感

2006年6月,经过近20年的编修,98万字的《和田市志》终于出版了。这是和田建市以来第一部大型志书,它内容充实,体例完备,汇聚了众多编纂人员的心血。志书以编、章、节、目为基本框架,由概述、大事记、专业志、附录等部分组成,共设24编、107章、404节,记述了和田市境内的建置、区划、自然环境、人口、民族、宗教、城乡建设、环境保护、农业、工业、商业、粮食、交通、邮电、财政、税务、金融、保险、旅游、综合经济管理、政党群团、政权、政协、民政、劳动人事、政法、军事、科技、教育、文化、体育、卫生、人物等方面的内容,是和田市地方的全…     

新志书出版信息

《广西市县概况（198～1995）》一书最近已由广西人民出版社出版。该书实事求是、系统翔实地记述广西全区及各市县1985～1995年的经济、社会、文化等方面的情况,是一部综合性的、权威的地情资料书。该书记述广西各市县情况的主要栏目有：行政区划、自然环境、人口民族、经济总指标、工业、农业、林业、畜牧业、渔业、主持产品、水利、乡镇企业、交通、邮电、商业、财税金融、外经贸、旅游业、市政建设、人民生活、教育、科技、文化艺术、卫生、体育、特殊风情、文物胜迹、对外交往、文明城市及乡村（单位）建设、廉政建设、社会治安综合治…     

研讨民族工作开创新时期民族工作的新局面──全国省会(首府)城市民委主任第七次联席会议在沈阳召开

在中国共产党第十五次全国代表大会即将召开的前夕,全国省会（首府）城市民委主任第七次联席会于1997年8月25日至8月29日在辽宁首府沈阳举行。出席这次会议的有乌鲁木齐、银川、南宁、昆明、贵阳、长沙、南京、太原、兰州、郑州、合肥、杭州、济南、西宁、石家庄、哈尔滨、沈阳等17个城市的民委负责同志,上海、重庆两个直辖市的民委负责同志也光临了会议。辽宁省的鞍山市、本溪市民委负责同志被特邀出席了会议。参加这次会议的有汉、满、蒙古、回、朝鲜、壮、苗、彝、仫佬、土家、藏、维吾尔、瑶、布依族等来自21个城市的14个民族的民族干…     

普选运动的复活

三、普选运动的再次高涨第四十五次议会时的普选运动,就其规模而言,几乎恢复到了第四十二次议会时的全盛状态。第四十二次议会时,有演说会、游行示威以及要求普选等集体活动的是三府、二十七县、一道(没有发生的有岩手、山形、茨城、群马、千叶、神奈川、福井、三重、鸟取、岛根、德岛、佐贺、长崎、宫崎、鹿儿岛、冲绳)。而第四十五次议会时,范围扩展到三府、三十三县、一道(没有发生的有岩手、千叶、岐阜、三重、和歌山、岛根、高知、佐贺、宫崎、冲绳)。这和极为消沉的一年前的上次议会时相比,有了惊     

天干地支是什么意思？

天干地支,是我国古代用以纪年、纪月、纪日、纪时的一种方式。在古代的历法中,甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸被称为十天干：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、末、申、酉、戌、亥叫做十二地支。两按固定的顺序互相配合,组成了干支纪法。那么天干、地支代表的意思是什么呢？     

少数民族古籍文献数字化初探

正前言中国少数民族古籍,是指中国55个少数民族在历史上形成的古代书册、文献典籍和口头传承及碑刻铭文等。它们的内容涉及政治、哲学、法律、历史、宗教、军事、文学、艺术、语言文字、地理、天文历算、经济、医学等领域,大多反映了本民族的民族起源、历史变迁、风土人情、生活习俗、民族性格等,它们的类型多样,有神话、史诗、传说故事、歌谣、谚语、谜语     

《新方志编纂概论》出版

《新方志编纂概论》是由河南省地方史志办公室、河南省地方史志协会共同组织各市 (地 )史志办公室和省史志办公室有关处室参加编写的关于新方志编纂理论与方法的一部专著。该书要目为 :绪论、新方志的指导思想、新方志的编纂原则、新方志的内容特色、新方志的体例、新方志的资料、概述和小序的编写、大事记的编写、人物的编写、新方志的图表、照片和数字、新方志的编纂程序、序言、目录、索引和编纂始末、省志编纂、城市志编纂、地区志编纂、县 (市 )志编纂、城市区志编纂、专业志、部门志编纂、乡 (镇 )志编纂、村志编纂、厂矿企业志编纂等…     

河南省郑州信息工程所、郑州方志书社愿为地方志书的印刷出版提供最佳服务

河南省郑州信息工程所是《历史文化研究》杂志社的下属机构 ,是河南省新闻出版局批准的书刊定点印刷单位 ,是能提供排版、印刷、装订、住宿、餐饮、货运一条龙服务的地方志书专业承印厂家。自成立以来 ,在北京生活·读书·新知三联书店、中华书局、新华出版社、方志出版社、河南人民出版社、中州古籍出版社的大力支持下 ,其业务范围遍及河南省、云南省、湖南省、福建省、海南省、广东省、广西、河北省、山西省、陕西省、江苏省、湖北省、吉林省、黑龙江省、江西省、甘肃省、新疆、浙江省等近 2 0个省区 ,深受客户和社会各界的好评。志书出版…     

A biometric technique for assessing prehistoric freshwater mussel population dynamics (family: Unionidae) in north Texas

Biometry is useful for a suite of analyses relevant to zooarchaeology, which include analysis of mortality profiles, taphonomy, paleoecology, among other purposes. Here, size-age prediction models are developed for 10 freshwater mussel species found in north Texas to develop a method for studying paleoenvironmental conditions. Shell length is often used to evaluate the structures of modern mussel populations, but its use on paleozoological specimens is not feasible because complete shells rarely preserve. Instead, pallial line-to-lateral teeth length (PLL) and pseudocardinal teeth-to-pallial line length (PSP) are evaluated as proxy measures for shell length. Linear regression models based on PLL and PSP using modern mussels demonstrate that they are accurate proxies of shell length for multiple species from a variety of habitats. In addition, ontogenetic-age structures for a modern sample and for two late Holocene assemblages from north Texas are developed using PLL and PSP. These techniques are useful tools for evaluating past ecological conditions of freshwater mussel populations when large samples are available for study, which expands analytical potential of zooarchaeological studies of prehistoric unionid remains.     

试论学校德育情境的创设

学校德育情境的创设对提高德育实效性具有重要的意义,我们应对其进行深入地研究,着力创设理想的适宜学生发展的德育情境。德育情境的创设应以科学性和适宜性为前提,以创设宽松和谐的人际情境为基础,以学生主体性的发挥为关键,以教师德育能力的提升为保障。     

宋代中央客馆制度

宋代在京城设有都亭驿、都亭西驿、同文馆、礼宾院、怀远驿等中央客馆作为馆待周边各族朝贡使节的馆舍与机构。诸客馆不仅是各族使节居住的场所,还是周边各族与宋进行经济贸易的场所及周边各族了解华夏礼仪文化的场所。中央客馆制度是宋对入京的周边各族使节接待与管理制度的重要组成部分。对维护和发展宋与周边各族的关系起着积极的作用。     

Fearing Food: The Influence of Risk Perceptions on Public Preferences for Uniform and Centralized Risk Regulation

Public opinion features prominently in policy research because it sets bounds on the definition of policy problems and acceptable policy solutions. We contend that public opinion is also important for setting bounds on the level of government at which policy hazards are regulated by shaping preferences for uniformity of regulation and, relatedly, preferences for centralization. We offer a theoretical argument for why risk creates pressures for uniform standards and examine the extent to which preferences for uniformity and centralization are the product of fairly stable individual-level predispositions (e.g. partisanship and ideology) versus more fluid attitudes like perceptions of risk, which vary in response to crises, new information, and issue framing. We test our argument using survey data in the policy domain of food safety and find that individuals who anticipate greater risk from food-borne illness prefer more uniform food safety regulation, which translates into preferences for federal-level policymaking. Our results imply that contextual circumstances and strategic communications that influence risk perceptions can create not only generalized public demand for more regulatory policy but specific demand for uniform, centralized regulation.     

Digital fixation: the law and economics of a fixed e-book price

Fifteen OECD countries, ten of which EU members, have regulation for fixing the price of printed books. At least eight of these have extended such regulation to e-books. This article investigates the cultural and economic arguments as well as the legal context concerning a fixed price for e-books and deals with the question of how the arguments for and against retail price maintenance for e-books should be weighted in the light of the evidence. It concludes that while the evidence in defence of a fixed price for printed books is slim at best, the case for a fixed price for e-books is weaker still while the legal acceptability within EU law is disputable. Against this background, introducing a fixed price for e-books is ill-advised.     

Precision in the X-ray fluorescence analysis of sixty-one Augustan quadrantes

Sixty-one Augustan quadrantes were analysed for calcium, iron, nickel, copper, silver, tin, antimony, and lead by X-ray fluorescence. Most coins contained about 99·7% copper with the other seven elements present as trace impurities. Significant differences in composition were found for the three different issues of quadrantes minted in c. 9 BC indicating that these issues were not minted exactly contemporaneously. Quadrantes minted in c. 4 BC have trace element concentrations in ranges that differ from those of the 9 BC quadrantes. The precision is very good for all trace elements (the precision of calcium was not calculated): average standard deviations are 0·0021% for Fe, 0·0026% for Ni, 0·0038% for Ag, 0·0014% for Sn, 0·0031% for Sb, and 0·015 for Pb.     

北京中低收入社区育儿人群的服务设施需求研究

服务设施需求分析是建设社区生活圈和完整社区的基础。已有研究关注服务设施供给的空间配置或评价,对服务设施需求的研究并不多见,尤其缺少对育儿人群等细分人群的研究。本文以此为切入点,讨论在二孩政策和年轻人少子化观念影响下,社区应当给予育儿人群什么样的服务设施支持。基于2017年北京公平与包容调查问卷数据,本文采用有序多分类模型分析中低收入社区居民对教育、医疗等10类设施的需求偏好。结果显示育儿人群对各类设施的需求和访问频率都超出其他人群,且相关需求存在性别差异;二孩家庭对服务设施的依赖性强于独生子女家庭,且因子女处于不同年龄段的家庭需求也有所差异。最后,本文提出了育儿人群所需服务设施的分类体系,以期为精细化社区服务设施规划提供参考。     

Assessing Protocols for Identifying Pacific Island Archaeological Fish Remains: The Contribution of Vertebrae

Three fish bone identification protocols used for determining taxa composition for Pacific island archaeofaunal assemblages are evaluated. The protocols include using the following: (1) the most commonly identified five paired cranial bones and ‘specials’ or unique elements; (2) an expanded number of cranial bones; and (3) the less common inclusion of all vertebrae. Explicit identification and quantification protocols are outlined for systematically incorporating all vertebrae which, predictably, increases the number of identified specimens for an assemblage, thus providing more bones useful for reconstructing live fish biomass (weight and length). Significantly, a range of unique archaeological vertebrae are useful for calculating minimum number of individuals. Using a well‐preserved assemblage from Henderson Island, Pitcairn Group, southeast Polynesia, numbering 6480 fish bones (concentration index = 21 580 m³), we demonstrate differences in rank‐order abundance from three taxon identification protocols. For example, when using all vertebrae grouper (Serranidae) and surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae) are more numerically equivalent than when relying mostly on cranial bones for identification for minimum number of individuals and number of identified specimens. This has important implications for making comparisons between sites or across regions where different identification protocols were used. This pilot study demonstrates that using all vertebrae for taxon identification and quantification, not just unique hypurals (terminal vertebrae) or those from sharks and rays (Elasmobranchii), should be standard practice for identifying a greater number of bones to taxon and thereby providing better reconstructions of prehistoric fishing and subsistence practices in the Pacific. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The wellsprings of candidate emergence: Geographic origins of statewide candidacies in the United States

Candidates and nominees for statewide office in the United States do not emerge from random locations within states. In this paper, we argue that densely populated areas are more likely to both foster political ambition and to afford the resources that enable candidates to wage an effective campaign. Candidates and nominees for major statewide office originate from populous counties in numbers significantly out of proportion to these counties’ share of their state’s population. Meanwhile, aspirants virtually never emerge out of rural areas or small towns. The pattern holds for all candidates and nominees for both Senate and governor and for both major political parties. Regional biases are more pronounced for institutionally strong gubernatorial offices than for weak offices and among high quality nominees for statewide office than among inexperienced candidates. Given the importance of urban/rural cleavages in the American electorate, these findings raise fundamental questions about political representation.     

Creating Ecologically Based Land Use and Habitat Maps Quickly and Cheaply to Support Conservation Planning at Local Scales: A New Zealand Example

Effective planning to support and enhance ecological values in sites of conservation interest requires accurate, comprehensive and detailed ecologically based maps and data, not only for the conservation site but for the wider landscape in which such sites are situated. In this paper we present an efficient and low cost method for combining appropriate technologies and available data to produce such maps at a landscape level. This method is described and evaluated using a case study of a land use and habitat map, with an associated geographic information system (GIS). The map was created for the district of Dunedin, New Zealand, an area of approximately 3340 km². This paper demonstrates how the map can be adapted for use by small, locally based conservation organisations that typically do not have the resources to obtain detailed, consistent and comprehensive spatial data for the areas they manage. The example of Orokonui Ecosanctuary is used to illustrate the potential applications of the map including mapping assets and habitats within a site and for exploring the relationship between the Ecosanctuary's internal and external habitats. External habitats can form a vital habitat network for many of the endangered species being reintroduced into the Ecosanctuary as well as a source of threats through potential reinvasion by pests and land use change. Though the mapping method presented in this paper is not necessarily new, it demonstrates the potential for utilising advances in mapping techniques and available data sets to offer a pragmatic support mechanism of practical value for small conservation organisations.