Mining and Tourism in Southern Australia

Abstract

This article describes a selection of tourist mines and working mines with tourist interest, mining in museums, mine railways and ghost mine towns in southern Australia including Tasmania. Most of the sites were visited during a Churchill Fellowship Study Tour in September 1987. The writer maintains a folder on the sites and should further information be required on, for example, opening times and general accessibility, he would be pleased to assist. A detailed report of the study has been prepared for the Churchill Trust but as yet this has not been published.     

Western Australia in 1899

This paper examines the size and direction of the assisted labour mobility flows which have originated in Scotland under the Employment Transfer Scheme for the years 1966‐1974. Both movement within and from the region are considered in relation to the workings of the policy.     

Ordovician biostratigraphy of the Canning Basin,Western Australia

Six biostratigraphically distinct faunas based largely on trilobites and graptolites are defined from the Lower to Middle Ordovician limestone, sandstone and shale sequence of the Canning Basin. They range in age from the Tremadoc (fauna 1), through the Arenig (faunas 2, 3) to the Llanvirn (faunas 4–6).     

Ordovician acritarchs from the Canning Basin,Western Australia

A left mandibular toothplate of a chimaeroid fish collected from the Toolebuc Formation (Early Cretaceous, Albian), central Queensland is described. Comparisons with other chimaeroid genera show the toothplate to be sufficiently distinct to warrant the erection of a new genus. Ptyktoptychion tayyo gen. et sp. nov. is distinguished by the size and shape of its three tritors, the form of the symphysial facet and the overall shape of the toothplate.     

论两汉时期的生态思想

在中国传统思想中,尊重自然规律、珍爱生命、倡导天人和谐的生态观念源远流长;而两汉时期正是中国古代生态思想总结定型的关键阶段.两汉时期的生态思想不仅倡导生态和谐和生态保护,而且更为鲜明的是强化生态伦理.生态和谐、生态伦理和生态保护思想三者相互联系、相互渗透、密不可分,这正是两汉时期生态思想的核心内容和基本特点.     

A review of rock art dating in the Kimberley, Western Australia

This paper critically reviews the various approaches used to estimate the age of the rock art in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. They include: (i) the relative superimposition of styles; (ii) the use of diagnostic subject matter (depictions of extinct animals, stone tool technology, introduced European and Asian objects and animals); (iii) the recovery of a ‘painted’ slab from a dated archaeological unit; (iv) radiocarbon dating of beeswax figures, charcoal pigments, organic matter in overlying mineral deposits and ‘accreted paint layers’ (oxalate rich crusts and amorphous silica skin), pollen grains from an overlaying mud-wasp nest; and (v) optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of quartz grains from overlying mud-wasp nests. Future directions for rock art dating in the Kimberley include uranium-series dating of overlying and underlying mineral deposits.     

两汉时代神灵信仰世界中的西王母

起源于中国西部信仰系统中的西王母在西汉中后期开始成为全国性崇拜的最高神灵,其受崇奉程度甚至超过了原先产生于关东特别是楚地并影响于关中地区的太一神。通过考察文献和出土代表性文物可知,西王母超越太一神,这一信仰变革与两汉时代中国西部地区在经济文化上的崛起有着十分密切的关系。     

Notes on the Aborigines of Roebuck Bay,Western Australia.

THE LAU ISLANDS (FIJI), AND THEIR FAIRY TALES AND FOLKLORE. By T. R. ST. JOHNSTON, F.R.G.S., F.Z.S. London : The Times Book Co. Ltd. 1918. Reviewed by W. Crooke.     

东西曹考述

两汉魏晋南北朝时期是历史上东西曹存在的主要时段。西曹、东曹最初是西汉丞相的下属办事机构,分别主管府内事务和府外事务;此后作为东汉三公的主要下属机构,职能固定为掌管人事,即西曹主府吏署用,东曹主二千石长吏迁除及军吏。东汉时期,西曹、东曹的设置范围扩大到军府;尤其是汉末军阀普遍设置东西曹,把它们作为政权建设的枢纽,东西曹因此呈现出前所未有的活跃面貌。魏晋以后,西曹、东曹的设置范围进一步朝着扩散和下移的方向发展。由于东西曹掌管着封建官府职能中最重要的人事处置权,其设置范围和行使职能状态的变化,与现实政治联系紧密;两汉魏晋南北朝封建国家中央行政权力的分配和宰辅执政权力的升降,中央与地方行政关系的变化,在一定程度上通过东西曹演变的历史过程折射出来。     

宋都开封城内的东部与西部

宋都开封分为数厢,每厢各有特点。位于内城东部的二厢,作为商业中心首先繁荣起来,而西部尤其是面向西华门一厢的编户人口极少,主要是因为此处驻扎有许多禁军军营。由于在开封城内东部商业建筑物居多,而西部的禁军军营所占面积比例最大,故造成开封城内东部和西部城市景观上的巨大差异。