Global Markets, Local Home-working: Governance and Inter-firm Relationships in the Balinese Clothing Industry

Abstract: Within the industrialization process of the Indonesian economy, the manufacture of clothing has played a significant role. Besides Java, Bali has the second highest agglomeration of industrial activities within this sector. However, in contrast to Javanese clothing firms, which have a strong emphasis on Western-styled clothing, Balinese clothing firms focus on the manufacture of Batik and embroidery products. Based on the commodity chain debate, I will show in this paper how Balinese clothing industry is organized into and governed within the global and local economy. This aims in particular to unravel how these types of garments (Batik and embroidery) can shape and reshape buyer relations. The analysis will also include a discussion of aspects, such as product development and raw material procurement. Furthermore, since Balinese clothing companies organize their production activities within extensive networks of rural home industries, the driving forces behind these specific network co-ordinations will be explored.     

上海饭店业发展趋势分析

本文通过对上海近年旅游饭店客房出租率、平均房价和上海都市旅游发展大环境这三个方面的分析得出结论:上海旅游饭店业有望走出低谷,进入新一轮的发展期.     

Participation,Social Cohesion and the Challenges in the Governance Process: An Analysis of a Post-World War II Neighbourhood in the Netherlands

In the past 5 years, several scientific articles have been written on the theme of social cohesion in urban neighbourhoods. In most cases this literature focuses on the loss of social cohesion in these areas. In addition, many problems, such as a declining quality of life, physical deterioration, and social isolation have been related to a lack of social cohesion. Another set of articles has increased our knowledge on urban governance. While this work adds considerably to our general understanding of the changing role of the organization of urban social policy and its effects on neighbourhoods, there has been little attempt to date to analyse how policy-makers experience this relationship. This experience is crucial, because it is the basis of policy practice and action. The first aim here is therefore to analyse to what extent policy-makers experience an effect of participation on social cohesion, although the number of participants is relatively low. The empirical findings show that policy-makers do experience a positive effect of participation on the various dimensions of social cohesion. The second aim of the paper is to explain the level of participation by evaluating the governance process. The analyses indicate that the policy-makers face challenges related to the diversity of the population in the participation process, as well as reconciling different needs within decision-making processes.     

我国饭店业集团化发展刍议

经过20多年发展,我国的饭店业已成为具有相当规模的产业,但由于受到长期以来的计划经济及传统的小生产思想的影响,我国的饭店业集团化发展缓慢、艰难,本就我国饭店业集团化进程中强化品牌意识、培育职业化市场化的饭店经营人才、集团化发展的战略等问题进行分析。     

Language,geography and identity: The case of the Welsh in London

This paper explores the role of language in the construction of Welsh identities in London. It begins by mapping out some key theoretical connections between language, geography and identity, and argues that a reading of diaspora theory might be helpful in conceptualizing Welsh identities in the British capital. In particular, diaspora theory stresses that identities are made up of multiple social axes that need to be seen relationally. Diasporic identities make connections with more than one place challenging the notion of culture and language as delimited by the boundaries of particular national spaces. For many Welsh people in London, language is an important part of their attempts to meet others who share a common identity. London-Welsh societies facilitate this need, defining language in different ways, and interweaving the linguistic with other social axes to form powerful senses of belonging. Whilst London is a key migration destination, it is also a space of Welsh identities that draw centrally upon language, but make different geographical connections with Wales. The paper concludes by arguing that a diasporic reading of such processes allows a wider and more progressive understanding of the Welsh language, and highlights the importance of geography in doing so.     

Spatial Clustering and the Potential for Policy Practice: Experiences from Cluster-building Processes in Sweden

In the last decade, there has been an increased interest in the cluster approach as a regional development tool. Moreover, it has been increasingly acknowledged that TIME (Telekom, IT, Media and Entertainment) industries have come to be of great importance to the economy. This article sets out to examine the use of the cluster approach as an analytical tool as well as a proactive policy tool and an approach based on negotiated and collaborative efforts to manufacture and utilize 'visions' of regional development futures to good effect. Consequently, the intent is not to judge the economic performance of firms in the three case clusters but rather to demonstrate problems and prospects in regional TIME industry cluster-building.     

King Edgar,Wales and Chester: The Welsh Dimension in the Ceremony of 973

Abstract

This article addresses two related aspects of King Edgar's visit to Chester — why he went there and how he got there. Interpretations of its purpose have generally been based upon English sources and have paid less attention to Welsh evidence: this article attempts an alternative perspective. The first of the two aspects is a stage in the development of the ‘Kingdom of the Anglo-Saxons’ expressed in the coronation at Bath and a tenth-century durbar at Chester when the might of the King of all England was pronounced to the outside world. The second, which was linked to that and specifically directed at the North-West, was a determined attempt to define and strengthen the north-western frontier of the extended kingdom and tighten Edgar's grip upon the northern Welsh princes whose constant infighting presented an opportunity for Norse and/or Irish incursions. His actions became an economic as well as a military necessity, to maintain the English grasp on North Wales and to protect the important trading links between Chester and Ireland.     

我国旅游产业综合竞争力:理论分析、测度体系与实证评价

本文在厘清旅游产业潜力和竞争力关系的基础上,将二者纳入统一的分析框架,通过构建适当的测度体系对旅游产业综合竞争力进行实证评价。研究发现,我国旅游产业综合竞争力包含了竞争绩效、产业潜力和技术效率三个维度;旅游产业综合竞争力及其维度基本呈现出东部较强、中西部较弱的态势,这一分布状态也基本与当前我国经济和社会综合发展状况的分布态势相吻合;旅游产业综合竞争力三个维度中,技术效率对旅游产业综合竞争力的挖掘和未来发展具有最为突出的推动性和影响力。     

我国旅行社业挂靠经营现象的市场监管博弈分析

我国旅行社行业的挂靠经营现象屡禁不止,成为危害旅行社经营环境和损害旅游者合法权益的一大顽症。本文从博弈论的角度出发,建立起挂靠经营现象博弈模型和挂靠经营监管博弈模型,并运用这些模型对旅行社和挂靠者在挂靠经营合作中的策略选择、政府部门与旅行社及其合作伙伴的期望收益、旅游市场监管效果等进行了深入的分析,并在此基础上提出了政策建议。     

清初士大夫与妇女--以禁止妇女宗教活动为中心

本文以乾隆年间地方官打击宗教活动与妇女入寺烧香的事例,了解清初至乾隆末年士大夫对于宗教活动的态度,集中的焦点在妇女活动的范围.清初以维持伦理秩序为前提下的理学观念,影响着对宗教活动的政令,从顺治至乾隆年间,屡有律令对妇女入寺活动禁止过,表现着政府对民间的宗教态度,一方面也显示民间或妇女宗教活动之盛.而妇女的活动似乎在士大夫的规范中,呈现着不同的面貌.     

Private Governance of Climate Change in Hong Kong: An Analysis of Drivers and Barriers to Corporate Action

This study examines how corporate governance of climate change is developing in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong), Asia's leading financial centre. It situates corporate actions within the broader framework of urban multi-stakeholder climate governance. In the absence of international obligations under the Kyoto Protocol and government regulation to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the majority of companies in Hong Kong have yet to tackle climate change. However, a small number of proactive corporations are acting to reduce climate change induced risks and reposition themselves to take advantage of climate change opportunities. Focusing on these leading corporations, this study identifies the motivations for and barriers to action. It concludes that corporations are only one of the necessary players in addressing climate change at the city level. Corporate climate change governance could be improved in Hong Kong by developing a stronger institutional framework and broader civil society support.     

Governance,the State and the Politics of Development

Current western aid and development policy aims to promote ‘good governance’ in the third world. Few would deny that competent, open and fair administration is both a worthy aim and a self-evident requirement of development. However, the current orthodoxy clearly illustrates the technicist fallacy, which is implicit in the following quotation from Pope, that the effective administration or ‘management’ of development is essentially a technical or practical matter. This article argues that development is fundamentally a political matter and that it is illusory to conceive of good governance as independent of the forms of politics and type of state which alone can generate, sustain and protect it. For Forms of Government, let fools contest; Whate'er is best administered, is best. (Pope, 1734: Bk 3, lines 303-4).     

Persistence and Change of Regional Industrial Activities: The Impact of Diversification in the German Machine Tool Industry

The paper investigates the stability and change of regional economic activities in the long run. As the unit of analysis, we selected the machine tool industry in West Germany for the years 1953–2002. We spot a strong variance in the activities between different regions. These differences are relatively stable over time, and the regional activities are rather path-dependent. Nevertheless, the paper also identifies changes in the level of activities. As the main driving factors for these developments, we examine the effect of changing regional degrees of diversification over time. We find that those regions which generally broaden their scope of activities have a higher likelihood to grow than regions which are specializing. Furthermore, diversification into totally new technological and product fields is only beneficial under specific circumstances based on technological and market developments. Hence, in most cases, a broad diversification is superior to one focusing on new state-of-the-art technological fields.     

Kaleidoscopes,Palimpsests, and Clay: Realities and Complexities in Human Activities and Soil Chemical/Residue Analysis

The following article presents a new approach to the spatial and chemical analysis of residues left by the cycle of activities that interweave specialized clay griddle production with other domestic tasks at two house lots located in the Mexican town of Cuentepec, Morelos. Based upon multivariate spatial statistics and image analysis techniques, this analytical approach allows for a more robust definition of activity areas across multiple data domains. These patterns, and the general approach by which they were created, provide a framework for evaluating the potential of applying social theories in archaeology for the interpretation of chemical residue analysis.     

海峡西岸旅游产业结构布局现状评析与调整对策

海峡西岸旅游产业在全国和亚太地区占有重要地位,旅游产业结构布局的调整有重大意义.当前海峡西岸旅游产业偏重观光游览,旅游投入偏少;偏重自然景观,旅游文化发掘不够;偏重旅行消费,旅游六要素不完备;偏重旅游旺季,时间上经营不平衡;偏重低级竞争,市场无序现象还比较严重.旅游产业布局存在旅游集散地与目的地错位、星散布局缺乏整合、重复布局分散客流、单体布局缺乏联系等问题.海峡西岸旅游产业结构布局调整应集中精力抓准重点,延长产业链,设计旅游精品,调整布局构建多级布局体系.     

龙首山、龙脉与唐大明宫探析

中国古代建筑注重风水,作为历代统治中心的都城建设更是如此。本文主要考证了龙首山的地理位置及其与建造大明宫的关系,以期揭示隋唐时期长安城布局变化的原因。