关于海东青

“海东青”又叫白尾海雕。《本草纲目》中记载:“雕出辽东,最俊者谓之海东青。”海东青可驯养,虽然“海东青大仅如鹊”’(见《燕山丛录》)可是十分凶猛,可捕天鹅和小兽。因此,辽金时,“国主”每年春天必来北京延芳淀弋猎。这“延芳淀”在北京东南,通州与漷县之间,淀“方数百里”淀中生长荷花和菱角,鱼虾丰饶,水草繁茂,是水鸟群集栖息之地。因此成为春猎的好地方,当时把此淀划为禁区,“国主、皇族、群臣,各有分地”(见《辽史》)据《日下旧闻考》转载     

“海东盛国”始称年代考辨

渤海国在其发展到鼎盛阶段时,曾一度被中原王朝誉为“海东盛国”①。然其“海东盛国”之始称年代,由于文献语焉不详,因而至今无定说。目前较有影响的有四说:一谓始于渤海十世王仁秀世②:二谓始于渤海十一世王彝震世③;三谓始于渤海十二世王虔晃世④.四谓始于渤海十三世王玄锡世⑤. 按谓“海东盛国”始于渤海十世王仁秀世之说,似有臆测之嫌,故暂不轻从。而谓“海东盛国”始于渤海十二世王虔晃世之说乃读史之误,佟柱臣先生已经指出,故亦不赘述⑥。以下仅余二     

青海“两化”地区经济社会发展探讨

青海民族地区由于地理和历史原因,经济发展相对滞后,这不仅影响少数民族群众共享改革开放的成果,也影响地区安定团结,因此加快青海民族地区的经济社会发展有着重要的意义。化隆和循化两县位于青海省东部黄土高原与青藏高原过渡地带,两县均为多民族聚居县,经济社会发展相对滞后,加快化隆和循化两县的经济社会发展对于海东乃至全省全面建成小康社会有着重大的现实意义。     

吕存姐同志逝世

本刊讯(记者 祁文汝)9月28日,中国共产党第九届、第十届、第十一届中央候补委员,中共青海省第五届委员会委员,“中国妇女500杰”之一的吕存姐同志遗体告别仪式在互助土族自治县松多乡本康沟村举行.省妇联,海东市委组织部、老干局送来花圈,中共互助县委、县人大、县政府、县政协、县委组织部、县老干局、县妇联等单位负责人与生前好友参加.     

渤海历史地理研究情况述略

引言渤海王国(公元698——926年)是唐王朝隶属下的区域性地方政权,史有“海东盛国”之称,在我国统一多民族国家发展史上占有重要地位。它创造的“海东文化”,是盛唐文化的组成部分。渤海领土辽阔,地方五千余里,属于我国的历史疆域。它建立初期即仿唐制建置府、州、县,并在发展过程中逐步统一建制,完善统治机构。渤海时期是我国长白山、牡丹江以北以东,尤其是乌苏里江、黑龙江流域开发史上首创郡县制统治的地区。这对于我国统一多民族国家的发展是有重要意义的。渤海设有五京十五府六十二州和一百三十多个县,分布在其广阔封疆之内。由于千余年的沧桑之变,文献记载极为阙略,而渤海又未留下系统的文字史料,因此渤海历史地理问题,成为近代学者们研究的重要课题之一。我国对渤海历史地理的研究已有长久的历史,成绩卓著,为外国学者称道。从清初的另散考证到近世     

燕魏参合陂之战地望新考

对于公元395年燕魏参合陂之战的具体发生地,学界一直存在争议,往往将其与西汉代郡参合县、北魏凉城郡参合县混同起来。本文以考古调查成果为基础,结合史料记载,认为参合陂实为叁合陂,与西汉代郡参合县、北魏凉城郡参合县或参合陉均非同一地名,而是指今天内蒙古乌兰察布市境内的黄旗海。参合陂之战的发生地,在黄旗海东侧、孤山山前的万亩滩。     

名鹰海东青捉放记

我在嫩江县长期从事档案工作,因工作之便翻阅过一些有关记载“海东青”的史书和资料。据我国史书记载,“海东青”是种珍贵猎鹰,是黑龙江流域及其迤东沿海地区的名贵特产,更是黑龙江流域历来向中原王朝进献的重要“土贡”之一。     

落实科学发展观构筑和谐新海东——海东地区县域经济发展的几点思考

海东地区位于青海省东北部,是青海省最重要的农业区。全区辖6县,总面积1.32万平方公里,占全省总面积的1.8%,总人口156万人,占全省总人口的33.8%。“十五”末,全区生产总值达到74.19亿元,五年年均增长12.68%,地方财政一般预算收入2.26亿元,年均增长15.1%,城镇居民可支配收入7066     

唐代渤海国与日本文化交流轶事

黑龙江省东南边陲的宁安县渤海镇境内的“上京龙泉府”,曾为创造“海东文化”的渤海国都城。据史料记载,渤海国是以粟末靺鞨人为主体建立的隶属唐朝的地方政权。公元六九八年建立“震国”,七一三年接受唐朝册封,专称渤海。于公元九二六年被契丹灭亡,历时二二九年。渤海国建立之后,与日本之间除了互为答聘外,余者多为文化方面的交流。从公元七二七年始至渤海灭亡止,遣使横渡日本海前往日本有史记载共三十四次,日本的使节也曾数十次来     

县域经济的发展应与建设和谐文化同步

本文阐述了在社会主义新农村建设和全面建设小康社会的关键时期,东北县域经济必须抓住中央实施东北地区老工业基地战略,按照“农业稳县、工业强县、旅游活县、科教兴县”这一基本思路,实现县域经济社会发展的历史性跨越的同时,要提升整体和谐文化“软实力”,做到经济建设与和谐文化建设同步进行。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.