State Ceremonial,Court Culture and Political Power in Early Modern Denmark, 1536-1746

In early modern Europe the court of a prince was many things: the household of a prince, a point of contact between the ruler and the elites, a cultural trendsetter, a focal point of patronage and an important institution of regional and international politics. In short, the court had many functions. In this article the focus is on the main lines of development in the court culture of early modern Denmark, from the Reformation (1536) until early Absolutism. Certain structural changes are highlighted and an attempt is made to explain them in political terms. As a prelude, I offer some theoretical reflections on the meaning of court culture in general and ceremonial culture in particular. Let me say from the outset that I have found my inspiration mainly in German and American historical scholarship, which for the past twenty years or so has witnessed a continuous and fruitful debate on the early modern court.     

Cultural Identity and the Canonization Of Music in Early China

This article shows that over the course of the Warring States period (479–221 BCE) authors began to organize and categorize music in a manner that helped define and reinforce their conceptions of themselves as a distinct cultural or ethnic group: variously referred to as the Huaxia, Zhuxia, and Zhou. By examining how Ruist (Confucian) authors articulated distinctions among various types of music, and by showing how such identifications denigrated nefarious forms not associated with the Zhou court and its culture, I show how authors endeavored in a process of musical canonization while also consolidating a sense of an ethno-cultural self. The fact that these writings distinguished among and evaluated musical types not primarily through a discussion of musical form or theory but via a morally-laden language rooted in the civilizing rhetoric of the day suggests that music was a primary site for formulating, expressing, and promoting cultural identity.     

操演的政治:现代国家仪式与民初政治合法性建构

现代国家仪式作为中华民国建立之初政权合法性建构的重要工具和措施,有其产生背景与契机,中国传统礼仪、节日文化为现代国家仪式产生提供本土资源,而随着近代中国逐步开放,西方现代仪式知识的传入及传播为现代国家仪式产生提供域外资源。民国成立为现代国家仪式提供制度保障的同时,也利用国家仪式操演,昭示新民族国家、新政府成立,并提供正统与道统支持,构建"革命"与"共和"作为民国"新传统",为新政权提供合法性支持。国家仪式及其政治文化,从传递社会记忆、维护政治秩序、构建文化传统、动员社会等方面形塑、表达和强化剧烈转型的民初社会的政治合法性。     

Musical memory,heritage and local identity: remembering the popular music past in a European Capital of Culture

This paper explores the relationship between rock music, collective memory and local identity, by focusing on events connected to Liverpool's status as European Capital of Culture 2008. The first part of the paper describes these events and how memories of local rock music were attached to heritage and local identity and mobilised to validate Liverpool as a capital of culture, whilst in turn the city's Capital of Culture status served to validate particular ways of remembering the local musical past. The second part of the paper considers the broader significance of these events by relating them to three pan-European trends in cultural policy: the development of the cultural and heritage industries; the protection and promotion of local culture and identity; and the fostering of cultural diversity and integration. It highlights the general significance of the popular music past for cultural policy in Europe, but also the politics of popular music memory and how it involves a complex and dynamic process of negotiation that relates to cultural policy in particular ways. The paper concludes by arguing that popular music offers a specific and productive focus for research on cultural policy, heritage and local identity in Europe.     

美国华人餐饮业及其文化认同

通过对1965年前后两个阶段美国中餐业的变迁,蒙特利尔公园市中餐业的兴起及影响,圣盖博谷地区中餐业更深刻、更广泛变化的阐述,本文分析了新一代华人移民在多元文化背景和与主流社会的磨合中,所追求的生活方式和包括饮食习惯在内的文化认同。     

清末新式知识分子的文化心态及现代启示

19世纪末20世纪初,在中国形成了具有新的知识结构与价值取向的知识分子群体,他们对中国文化进行了许多有益的探索。然而,在晚清时期,由于诸多社会矛盾相互交织,社会改造任务紧迫,因而新式知识分子群体形成了矛盾、急躁和激进的文化心态,并成为一种根深蒂固的传统,对现实社会产生了不可估量的影响。     

国内村上春树研究概况及走向

解析“村上春树现象”,探讨西方当代文化和文学与村上创作的关系,比较视域下研究村上的创作特色,阐发村上文学的艺术魅力这几个方面,大抵构成了国内当前对村上春树研究的主要方向。本文认为在整体把握国内村上研究概况的基础上,结合日本的村上研究,从文化身份、后现代思想主题、叙事艺术及翻译文学等角度入手将是推动国内村上研究深入发展的有益尝试。     

晚清民初现代“文明”和“文化”概念的形成及其历史实践

在晚清民初的历史语境里,中国传统的“文明”和“文化”概念先是大体经历了一个摆脱轻视物质、经济、军事方面的内容,形成内蕴进化理念的新的现代“文明”概念——广义的现代“文化”概念,再从另一维度部分地回归与“武化”、物质化相对的中国传统“文明”和“文化”的关键内涵,进而获取新的思想资源、重建一种新的狭义“文化”概念的过程,最终复构成了一个广、狭义内涵并存的、带有矛盾性的现代“文化”概念结构。这两个重要的现代概念形成和演变的过程,同时也是当时的中国人运用它们进行社会改革的实践过程。戊戌时期,现代“文明”概念已经在趋新士大夫中逐渐流行开来,并携带一系列现代性主导价值观念,成为维新运动得以全方位展开不容忽视的思想依托;而狭义“文化”概念的出现及其与广义概念的合构,则影响了五四新文化运动的进程。     

Fragments of the Modern City: Material Culture and the Rhythms of Everyday Life in Victorian London

This essay analyses the influence of Charles Baudelaire's and Théophile Gautier's fetishist poetics on the early works of Algernon Charles Swinburne. If the crucial role played by the Victorian poet as a cultural ‘passeur’ between France and England has often been highlighted in recent criticism, his aesthetic delight in certain forms of sexual deviance such as podophilia has rarely been explored in relation to the verse of his French mentors. Swinburne, Gautier, and Baudelaire may have indeed shared this erotic fascination with feet: this is a fascination that was partly grounded in these poets' common interest in antique literary models, in particular in Sappho's poetry. Rather than extolling the Hellenic ‘sweetness and light’ which some of his contemporaries set so high, Swinburne indulged in dangerously eroticised Dionysian aesthetics which were perceived as both ‘too Hellenic’ and ‘too French’. I argue that the fetishism of the poetic foot may be read as one of the keys to the Victorian poet's subversive shift away from the serenity often associated with Victorian neoclassicism in favour of a Dionysian energy that anticipates Friedrich Nietzsche's works.     

Masshouses and Meetinghouses: The Archaeology of the Penal Laws in Early Modern Ireland

Archaeology has demonstrated that it can provide added insight into the study of early modern Ireland, although there has been a notable tendency for research to concentrate on secular aspects of society. Investigations into the period, however, would benefit from a greater awareness of contemporary religion, since this was a factor that played a major role in political, social, and economic life. An example of this is the introduction of Penal legislation by the Protestant-dominated Irish parliament in the early eighteenth century, directed at those whose religious outlook did not correspond to that of the Established Church.     

The nation in the region: flamenco and canzone napoletana as national icons in modern Spain and Italy (1880–1922)

Although the relationship between music and nationalism has been at the centre of recent cross‐disciplinary research, many areas remain unexplored. Among them are forms of ‘national music’ that nest overlapping identities, functioning simultaneously as vehicles of regional, ethnic, urban, global and diasporic belongings. This article focuses on the national dimension of these multilevel identities, concentrating on the swings and transmigrations between the national and the regional. It compares two Mediterranean traditions which, particularly between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, have served as multilevel identifiers of national and regional belongings: flamenco and canzone napoletana (Neapolitan song). I argue that, besides geographically bounded identities, both genres were constructed as ‘national’ primarily abroad, rather than in their home countries, thus contributing to a theory of the ‘international’ dimension of ‘national’ music. In the case of flamenco, I focus on the irradiation centre of the time, Paris, although the modern notion of musical Spanishness was first associated with national identity in Russia. The canzone consolidated its international position mostly through the Italian diaspora, achieving a much wider reach than is ordinarily thought, both nationally and globally.     

我国世界文化遗产的时空分布——兼论我国世界文化遗产的申报

世界文化遗产已经成为许多旅游目的地的核心吸引物。我国的世界文化遗产数量居于世界第三,主要分布在黄河、长江流域,从遗产项目入选的时间看呈突变型、渐变型和平稳型三阶段特征,入选项目以符合世界文化遗产遴选标准第Ⅱ项和第Ⅲ项的居多,且以佛教文化遗存为多。目前我国比较重视对线性文化遗产、工业遗产、文化景观等的保护。本文认为：下一步开展申报时,要重视目前还没有世界文化遗产的部分省市,以体现文化的权力与利益平衡;在竞争性和选择性语境中,要宽容地对待各种历史文化遗产。     

The Articulation of National Identity in Early Twentieth-century East Asia: The Intertwining of Discourses of Modernity and Civilisation

Abstract

This article examines the ways in which national identity was articulated by intellectuals in Japan, China and Taiwan in the first half of the twentieth century as a first step to reviewing the standard western-centric and diffusionist account of nationalism. Conventional accounts of nationalism regard nationalism as intrinsically European, rooted in developments such as the Enlightenment and the Westphalian system of states, and consider non-western cases as examples of diffusion from the “centre” to the “periphery”. Even though the discourse of the nation and national identity produced by East Asian intellectuals in the early twentieth century was shaped by social and political theories developed in the West, their frequent use of civilisational referents suggests that they were subjectively engaged with a project of self-definition that drew on their own sources, which undermines diffusionist assumptions. The article briefly examines the discourse of national identity articulated by the Kyoto School of philosophy, Sun Yat-sen and Tsai Pei-huo as the first step in exploring the possibility of multiple origins of nationalism.