19世纪早期英国托利主义析略

19世纪早期英国的托利主义形形色色,主要有传统托利主义、自由托利主义、激进托利主义和浪漫托利主义四类。它们在不列颠社会和政治重大问题上各持己见,反映出托利党不同群体的基本观点,并呈现出以后保守党在政治思想上的发展态势。     

Richard Oastler,Toryism, Radicalism and the Limitations of Party,c.1807–46

Richard Oastler (1789–1861), the immensely popular and fiery orator who campaigned for factory reform and for the abolition of the new poor law in the 1830s and 1840s, has been relatively neglected by political historians. Few historians, however, have questioned his toryism. As this article suggests, labelling Oastler an ‘ultra‐tory’ or a ‘church and state tory’ obscures more than it reveals. There were also radical strands in Oastler's ideology. There has been a tendency among Oastler's biographers to treat him as unique. By comparing Oastler with other tories – Sadler, Southey, and the young Disraeli – as well as radicals like Cobbett, this article locates him much more securely among his contemporaries. His range of interests were much broader (and more radical) than the historiographical concentration on factory and poor law reform suggests. While there were periods when Oastler's toryism (or radicalism) was more apparent, one of the most consistent aspects of his political career was a distaste for party politics. Far from being unique or a maverick, Oastler personified the pervasive anti‐party sentiments held by the working classes, which for all the historiographical attention paid to popular radicalism and other non‐party movements still tends to get lost in narratives of the ‘rise of party’.     

The Red Bird & Red Fish

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红色中国

中国红这个名字任何人听了都觉得十分贴切,就像老外说到中国人就会想到中餐一样,人们很自然就会将红色和中国联系起来.     

陈独秀科学思想研究——兼与陈独秀唯科学主义论者商榷

陈独秀科学思想具有特定的社会基础和思想渊源.他从物质技术和思想文化两个方面向国人揭示了科学的社会功能,形成了独特的观点.他倡导的科学精神包括求实和怀疑精神,反对专制的民主精神,实事求是的求是精神.指称陈独秀是唯科学主义与他的实际思想不相符.     

红色之旅 去阳泉,寻访中共第一城

<正>山西省阳泉市,在很多人眼里都是一座著名的煤炭城市。然而鲜为人知的是,他还是中共创建的第一座城市。阳泉古称"漾泉",因泉水喷涌而得名。它位于太行山中部西侧,是一座美丽的山城,犹如镶嵌在太行山麓的一颗璀璨明珠。河山环绕,山岭纵横,不仅有人文荟萃,星罗棋     

花儿红了

联合国教科文组织通过的《保护非物质文化遗产公约》中将"非物质文化遗产"定义为:被各群体、团体、有时为个人所视为其文化遗产的各种实践、表演、表现形式、知识体系和技能及其有关的工具、实物、工艺品和文化场所。各个体系和团体随着其所处环境,与自然界的相互关系和历史条件     

雄震三秦红石峡

<正>红石峡红岩对峙、杨柳成荫,长城穿峡而过,榆溪河奔腾不息,被称为"万里长城第一胜景"。因为工作的原因,我从遥远的新疆来到地处毛乌素沙地边缘的内蒙古乌审旗——一座高楼林立、车水马龙的新型草原城市。毛乌素沙地美景我已经习以为常,但距离     

樱桃红了 “大樱桃节暨乡村旅游节”在6月向游人招手

<正>中国樱桃之乡山海关已经连续三年举办大樱桃节了。正值2008北京奥运年,举办之地又是奥运协办城市,因此,今年的樱桃之节格外"红"。一红红在乡土游,第三届大樱桃节又名"乡村旅游节",趣味采摘很益智。     

Investigating a child sacrifice event from the Inca heartland

Human sacrifice in the Inca Empire at times took the form of the capacocha, a sacrificial rite involving the most beautiful children in the empire. In this study, we investigate a possible capacocha at the pre-Columbian site of Choquepukio in the Cuzco Valley of Peru. During excavations at Choquepukio in 2004, seven children (aged 3–12 years) were discovered buried together; accompanying them was an elaborate assemblage of high status artifacts similar to those from other recent archaeological finds that are believed to be capacocha sacrifices. Since colonial documents indicate that capacocha children were selected from diverse regions of the empire, we initiated a radiogenic strontium isotope analysis to determine the origins of the children found at Choquepukio. Our analysis showed that, indeed, two children in the assemblage had non-local origins. When considered together, the osteological, archaeological, and isotopic evidence suggest that a capacocha event occurred at Choquepukio, representing the only lower-elevation capacocha to have been found in the Cuzco region.     

吉林通榆县长坨子四处遗址的调查

2007年4月由吉林省文物考古研究所和吉林大学边疆考古研究中心对长坨子遗址群进行了调查,共发现四处遗址,自西向东编为长坨子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ号遗址。发现了陶片、石器。其中陶器以夹砂黄褐、夹砂红褐色为主。对调查资料进行整理可以将其区分为四类,年代包括新石器时代和青铜时代。这批资料为研究科尔沁沙地史前考古学文化提供更多素材。     

Investigating the resetting of OSL signals in rock surfaces

There are many examples of buried rock surfaces whose age is of interest to geologists and archaeologists. Luminescence dating is a potential method which can be applied to dating such surfaces; as part of a research project which aims to develop such an approach, the degree of resetting of OSL signals in grains and slices from five different cobbles/boulders collected from a modern beach is investigated. All the rock surfaces are presumed to have been exposed to daylight for a prolonged period of time (weeks to years). Feldspar was identified as the preferred dosimeter because quartz extracts were insensitive. Dose recovery tests using solar simulator and IR diodes on both K-feldspar grains and solid slices taken from the inner parts of the rocks are discussed. Preheat plateau results using surface grains and slices show that significant thermal transfer in naturally bleached samples can be avoided by keeping preheat temperatures low. Equivalent doses from surface K-feldspar grains were highly scattered and much larger than expected (0.02 Gy to >100 Gy), while solid surface slices gave more reproducible small doses (mean = 0.17±0.02 Gy, n = 32). Neither crushing nor partial bleaching were found to be responsible for the large scattered doses from grains, nor did the inevitable contribution from Na-feldspar to the signal from solid slices explain the improved reproducibility in the slices. By modelling the increase of luminescence signal with distance into the rock surface, attenuation factors were derived for two samples. These indicate that, for instance, bleaching at a depth of 2 mm into these samples occurs at about ∼28% of the rate at the surface. We conclude that it should be possible to derive meaningful burial doses of >1 Gy from such cobbles; younger samples would probably require a correction for incomplete bleaching.     

全球视野下的"红色旅游"

“红色旅游”产品概念的正式提出在2004年,是新时期体现中国旅游发展的一个创举,它的发展引起了政府、业界、学术界的广泛关注。本文以全球旅游业发展为背景,分析在中国改革开放的新时期出现的这一旅游新现象,探讨发展红色旅游的前景与相关对策。