吉林无干支银币特版——士吉缶宝

光绪廿四年(1898年)之前,吉林铸有无纪年银币大小数种,称吉林省造光绪元宝无干支银币。它有二大版别,其区别在于币面“吉”与“宝”二字之书法差异。一种版式为“士吉尔宝”,另一种版式则是“土吉缶宝”。详细言之即币面“吉林省造”中之“吉”字有二种书法。一是“口”上书“士”而另一为“口’’上书“土”。币面“光绪元宝”之“宝”字也有二种书法,一种从“尔”而另一种从“缶”。但其书法搭配却有规律,士吉配尔宝,土吉配缶宝,二套银币各大小五枚皆按此律。。     

一枚挂在佛脐上的大钱

安徽方孔光绪元宝十铜元,在所有铜元中是别具一格的。除具有一般光绪铜元的形制外,最显的特点在于中央有一方形穿孔,可说是历经二千年的中国钱币传统形制对近代铜元的一种影响。孔外铸有“光绪元宝”四个字及珠圈,在近外缘的上方铸有“安徽省造”,下方有纪值字“每元当制钱十”,左右两侧分别铸满“宝皖”。     

民国河南铜元的种类和版式研究

一河南省机制铜元铸行概述对于我国机制铜元的开铸、形制及成色,著名钱币学者王守谦先生在谈到铜币之起源中这样写到:铜元始铸于光绪二十六年(1900)六月,广东省仿外国铜币式样,鼓铸新铜元。重量二钱,成色九五、铅五(或铅四锡一)。正面书"光绪元宝",中有满洲文"宝广"二字,周围有广东省造,每百枚     

一枚宝伊局光绪小平钱

我在钱币市场偶然发现一枚宝伊局光绪小平钱：钱面铸有“光绪通宝”,背穿左右铸有满文“宝伊(蛩弓)”字样,币材为黄铜,钱重4．5克,外径2．5厘米,内径0．6厘米,钱币造型精致,文字秀丽。钱背左侧磨损较重。摊主把它放到次品堆,误将黄金当黄铜,以三元钱低价出售。     

安徽光绪元宝二十文铜元

安徽光绪元宝二十文铜元笔者１９９０年６月在安徽青阳县得一枚安徽光绪元宝二十文铜元。铜元径３．３、厚０．２厘米，重１５克，面珠圈、“光绪元宝”、中心满文“宝安”，左右各有一颗六点有星边花，上“安徽省造”、下“每元当制钱二十文；背珠圈坐龙，左右各三颗六点有星边花，短距，上英文“安徽”、下英文“二十文”。币面漫漶。光绪二十八年（１９０２）五月初十，在原省银元局基址上成立安徽铜元局，至光绪三十三年（１９０７）五年间共铸６种光绪元宝铜元。据光绪三十三年冯煦《皖政辑要·度支科·币制中·铜市》，安徽二十文仅铸四万四千八百零六枚，除去皖造大清铜币二十文，安徽光绪元宝二十文币当十分稀少了。（《皖东金融与钱币》１９９２．２王律友）安徽光绪元宝二十文铜元@王律友     

浙江发现绍兴通宝仿瘦金书旋读试样钱

绍兴是南宋第一位皇帝宋高宗赵构的年号。高宗在绍兴年间（1131—1162年）铜钱铸有绍兴元宝和绍兴通宝两种钱文。绍兴通宝铸有小平、折二、折三3种,仅有楷书,直读。另有绍兴通宝仿瘦金书旋读折十、折五（实为折三钱）试样大钱。《历代古钱图说》中,马定祥先生批注：“此折五大钱,仅见。另有折十型大钱,亦为仅见。”     

福建官局背“湖北”七钱二分光绪元宝银元

谱载福建银元局所铸七钱二分（一元）银币,面中央满汉文“光绪元宝”,外围“福建官局造”、“库平七钱二分”,背蟠龙,外围英文“FOO-KLEN PROVINCE（福建省）”、“7MACE AND 2CANDAREENS（七钱二分）”。此币铸数较少,有试铸品之说,被列为银币大十珍之第六珍。余偶得一枚“福建官局造”的异版一元银元。     

吉林省造光绪元宝当二十箇黄铜错版铜元

吉林省造光绪元宝铜元,是一个版别繁杂的品种,其中仿广东当二十箇黄铜元(图1)较稀见。此种版式,正面中央与满文“宝吉”及“光绪元宝”四字,汉字“宝”为窄宝型。上缘“吉林省造”,下缘“每元当制钱二十箇”,左右各一五星。背面为龙圈,俗称飞龙,     

云南省造光绪元宝银币钢模

在我的钱币收藏品中,有一付很有份量,沉甸甸的清代光绪元宝钢模（见封底图）。其一中央满汉文“光绪元宝”,外环珠圈,上缘纪地文字“云南省造”。下缘纪值文字“库平七钱二分”。左右各铸一个花星,其文字端正、流畅、舒展。尤其是中间满文更显自然,应为正面阴纹币模...     

“得壹元宝”为年号钱质疑

《中国钱币》杂志一九八三年第三期刊有潘连贵同志《“得壹元宝”应为年号钱》一文,理由似不充足。“得壹”自有其义,不必定为年号。今略述如次。钱文铸年号,始自北魏,但其后亦多有不用年号者。史思明于公元七五九年正月建元应天,三个月后即改元顺天,共得一年十个月,史书记载,非不明白。《新唐书·食货志》四云:“史思明据东都,亦铸得一元宝钱,……既而恶‘得一’非长祚之兆,改其文曰‘顺天元宝。”则“得壹”之铸,当在应天时或顺天之初。故沈括《梦溪笔谈》说:“余按《唐书》史思明僭号,铸顺天、得一钱。顺天乃其伪年     

THE TIME OF THE SELF AND THE TIME OF THE OTHER

What is time? This essay offers an attempt to think again about this oldest of philosophical questions by engaging David Hoy's recent book, The Time of Our Lives: A Critical History of Temporality, which proposes a “history of time‐consciousness” in twentieth‐century European philosophy. Hoy's book traces the turn‐of‐the‐century debate between Husserl and Bergson about the different senses of time across the various configurations of hermeneutics, deconstruction, poststructuralism, and feminist theory. For him, what is at stake in such a project is to distinguish between the scientific‐objective “time of the universe” and the phenomenology of human temporality, “the time of our lives.” Hoy's approach is to organize his book around the three tenses of time—past/present/future—and to view objective‐scientific time as derived from the more primordial forms of temporalizing lived experience that occur in our interpretation of time. In my reading of Hoy's work, I attempt to explore how “time” (lived, experiential, phenomenological) can be read not in terms of “consciousness” (Hoy's thematic), but in terms of the self's relationship with an Other. That is, my aim is less to establish a continental tradition about time‐consciousness, understood through the methods of genealogy, phenomenology, or critical theory, than it is to situate the problem of time in terms of an ethics of the Other. In simple terms, I read Hoy's project as too bound up with an egological interpretation of consciousness. By reflecting on time through the relationship to the Other rather than as a mode of the self's own “time‐consciousness,” I attempt to think through the ethical consequences for understanding temporality and its connection to justice.     

人地关系观、规划观的历史轨迹初探——兼论城市规划观的未来趋向

本文探讨了人地关系观及规划观的历史演变,结合后现代主义思潮,对城市规划今后发展方向提出一系列建议。     

“中华民国中央银行钞票”揭秘

“中华民国中央银行钞票”存世极少,十分珍贵。其面值见有壹元、五元两种(插二下),其中壹元票长144,宽89mm;五元票长160,宽92mm。钞票正面,上端均为篆书“中华民国中央银行钞票”、下侧均有篆书“中央银行发行”字样,中间则分别为隶书“壹元”或“五元”之面值,四角分别有“壹”和“1”或“五”和“5”的面值数,底纹均为由无数“中央银行”小字纵向排列而成的放光芒图案;钞票背面,中间分别为“壹元”或“五元”面值,面值两侧分别有“1”或“5”字面值数。吴筹中先生曾在1990年第三期《中国钱币》上刊出过一张五元票的黑白图版,当时他认为是…     

THE LOCATION OF THE TREASURY OF ATREUS

Summary.   The Treasury of Atreus, the largest and most impressive of the nine tholos tombs found at Mycenae, stands by itself at the southern edge of a bowl in the east slope of the Panagia ridge. This paper argues that the tomb was constructed on this particular spot so that it would be seen from the trackways/roads that led to Mycenae from the east, south-east and south-west and from the main pathway to the palace. The view of the acropolis hill and Mt. Profitis Ilias from the space occupied by the earthen mound above the tholos also appears to have influenced the choice of location. It is suggested that the position of the Treasury of Atreus was, like the tomb itself, a political statement, calculated to show that the ruler who built the tomb succeeded in extending the territory of Mycenae across the central Argolid.     

THE STATUE OF THE GOODESS OF MERCY

TheGoddessofMercyinthePotalaPalace,measuring93cmhighand10cmwide,enjoysfameasgreatasthestatueofSakyamuni,thefounderofBuddhismintheJokhangMonaSteryThisisbecausetheTibetansbelievetheGoddessofMercyisthegoddessfromwhomSongtsanGambowasreincamatedtosavetheTibetans.CreatedintheearlydaysoftheTuboKingdom,thestatuehasbeenstandinginthePotalaPalaceformorethan1,360years.Althoughitsufferedfromtheransackingthatfollowedeachwar,itwasretumedtothepalacemiraculouslyintheend.DuringthereignofTuboKingDarmaW…     

THE CENTENNIAL OF THE FOUNDING OF THE ASKANIYA-NOVA NATURE RESERVE

This article traces the history of the creation and early precarious existence of the oldest Soviet nature reserve, Askaniya-Nova in the Ukraine, and represents part of the ongoing Soviet re-assessment of environmental history in that country (for a Western view, see [60]). It describes the protracted conflict between preservationist and utilitarian perspectives on land use in the reserve, the latter gaining ascendancy during the 1930s under Lysenko and Stalin. Of special interest is coverage of post-war “restoration” at the reserve, or more specifically, the continuation of less than ideal conditions up to the present (translated by Elliott B. Urdang, Providence, RI 02906).     

尼罗河畔文明物语

<正>尼罗河是埃及的母亲河,准确说更是生命线,一条郁郁葱葱的绿色生命线,置于茫茫的沙漠之中。埃及90%的人口,生活在这全国1/30国土的尼罗河畔。这条河见证了埃及古老文明的形成和兴旺,主导了两岸生灵的繁荣与衰落。跟随这条河,人们在历史的时空穿梭,跨过河上河下,遍看古代现代,游走神庙田舍,拥抱沙漠绿洲。我们在阿斯旺下火车,行李直接就送到斯蒂芬妮游轮了,我们要在尼罗河上航行三日,这是期盼许久的心念。有多久呢?算起来有40年了。自从1978年电影《尼罗河上的惨案》     

PROBLEMS OF THE LEVEL OF THE CASPIAN AND THE STABILITY OF ITS SHORELINE

The first of two papers on the problem of forecasting the level of the Caspian Sea evaluates factors widely believed to have been responsible for its lowering during much of the present century (including tectonic movements, climatic cycles, human activity). It concludes that previous forecasts have been inaccurate because of the failure to adequately model the complexity of processes involved, specifically the internal mechanisms of “self-regulation” of water levels. Continuation of the recent slight rise in the Caspian's level is predicted at least into the early 1990s (translated by Andrew R. Bond).