Reviews/Comptes rendus

Book reviewed in this article:
Australian Agriculture: Resource Development and Spatial Organization (Geography of World Agriculture, Vol. 9), by P eter S cott
Canadian Agriculture (Geography of World Agriculture, Vol. 10), by M.J. T roughton
Rural Settlement in an Urban World , by M ichael B unce
Kanada einfach. Die Bauern verlassen die Schweiz , by W erner C atrina
Politics, Geography and Behaviour , by R ichard M uir and R onan P addison
Political Studies from Spatial Perspectives: Anglo-American Essays on Political Geography , edited by A lan D. B urnett and P eter J. T aylor
Spatial Analysis, Industry and the Industrial Environment: Volume 2 - International Industrial Systems , edited by F.E.I. H amilton and G.J.R. L inge
Handbook of Snow: Principles, Processes, Management and Use , edited by D.M. G ray and D.H. M ale     

THE DIMENSIONS OF POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY: THREE RECENT TEXTS

Book reviewed in this article:
Political Geography , by N orman J. G. P ounds , McGraw-Hill Inc., New York and Toronto, 1963
Politics and Geographic Relationships: Readings on the Nature of Political Geography , by W. A. D ouglas J ackson , Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1964
Geography and Politics in a World Divided , by S aul B. C ohen , Random House, New York, 1963     

中国乡村地理学研究的重新定向

本文首先分析了乡村地理学及其相邻学科(乡村经济学、乡村社会学)对乡村研究的基本内容,认为三者各有侧重,乡村地理学重点从地域空间的角度分析乡村的各种问题,乡村经济学主要关注乡村经济系统的组织与发展规律,乡村社会学则把重点放在乡村社会变迁上,但共同交叉之处甚多。乡村问题带有地域性、综合性特点,在当今城市化的背景下,乡村地域的功能在发生变化,乡村产业结构、社会结构均经历着由传统向现代的全面转型,当前我国乡村地理学需要重新定向,笔者建议以乡村社会经济变迁的研究为主线,加强经济、社会、地理的综合研究,探讨空间结构模式及其规律性,指导乡村发展的实践。     

人文地理学的历史概况与我国人文地理学的发展

本文探索人文地理学从十九世纪中叶以来的发展特点。重点在于介绍人文地理学在发展新的理论、新的方法和新的部门所取得的意义。
人文地理学在我国是随着二十年代开始的近代地理教育而发展的。本文还讨论了我国不同时期人文地理学发展的特点以及城市地理、人口地理、旅游地理和历史地理在七十年代后所取得的进展。此外,该文还提出政治地理,文化地理、行为地理等部门的研究仍然比较落后。最后,该文对人文地理学各部门今后发展作了预测。     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: A Continent Transformed: Human Impact on the Nutural Vegetation of Australia Jamie Kirkpatrick The Emergence of Bioregionalism in the Murray-Darling Basin J.M. Powell From Forest to Sea: Australia's Changing Environment: Eric Rolls Australian Environmental History: Essays and Cases Stephen Dovers, (ed.) Spirited Cities Urban Planning, Traffic and Environmental Management in the Nineiies Essays for Hans Westerman Robert Freestone (ed.) The Margin Fades: Geographical Itineraries in a World of Islands Eric Waddell and Patrick D. Nunn (eds) Oceanic Islands Patrick D. Nunn Natural Disasters David Alexander REVIEWS IN BRIEF: Geography and National Identity David Hooson (ed.) REVIEWS IN BRIEF: The Challenge for Geography. A Changing World: A Changing Discipline R.J. Johnston (ed.) REVIEWS IN BRIEF: Building Bridges. Geography in Australia Report of the National Committee for Geography Australian Academy of Sciences R.L. Heathcote (ed) REVIEWS IN BRIEF: The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Physical Geography Andrew Goudie, B.W. Atkinson, K.J. Gregory, I.G. Simmons, D.R. Stoddart, David Sugden (eds.) The Dictionary of Human Geography R.J. Johnston, Derek Gregory and David Smith (eds.)     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Human Use of the Earth
Latin America: A Regional Geography
Case Studies in World Geography: Occupance and Economy Types
An Introduction to Geography
Understanding Weather
Siberian Arctic: The Story of the Siberian Company     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Christopher J. Smith and John A. Giggs (Eds.) Location and Stigma: Contemporary Perspectives on Mental Health and Mental Health Care .
S. Corbridge , Capitalist World Development: A Critique of Radical Development Geography .     

Reviews / Comptes Rendus

Book reviewed in this article:
Les régions géographiques au Mexique, par C laude B ataillon , Travaux et Mémoires de l'lnstitut des Hautes Etudes de I'Amérique Latine
Readings in Canadian Geography , edited by R obert M. I rving
World Migration in Modern Times , edited by F ranklin D. S cott , a Spectrum Book, Global History Series
Statistical Analysis in Geography , by L eslie J. K ing
A Ceremonial Ox of India: the Mithan in Nature, Culture, and History , by F rederick J. S imoons , with the assistance of E lizabeth S. S imoons
Acadia: The Geography of Early Nova Scotia to 1760 , by A ndrew H. C lark
L'Europe rhénane , par E tienne J uillard     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: With Man in Mind: An Interdisciplinary Prospectus for Environmental Design, by Constance Perin. The Merchant's World: The Geography of Wholesaling, by James E. Vance, Jr.     

Reviews Comptes rendus

Book reviewed in this article:
The Anglo-American Realm, by O tis B. S tarkey and J. L ewis R obinson
Resources of the Canadian Shield, by J. L ewis R obinson
The Political Economy of the Canadian North, by K enneth J. R ea
Population, Migration, and Urbanization in Africa, by W illiam A. H ance
Population Geography: A Reader, edited by G eorge J. D emko , H arold M. R ose , and G eorge A. S chnell
A Geography of Population: World Patterns, by G lenn T. T rewartha
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume I, The Land of Iran, edited by W. B. F isher
The Makers of Modern Geography, by R obert E. D ickinson
The Transformation of the Chinese Earth - Perspectives on Modern China, by K eith B uchanan     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
THOUGHT: from the Learned Societies of Canada 1960 , W. J. Gage Limited
Crossroads , by G. B. C ressey
The National Geographer , edited by M. N. K han and R. C. S harma
The Earth's Problem Climates , by G len T. T rewartha
Statistical Geography: Problems in Analyzing Areal Data , by O tis D udley D uncan , R ay P. C uzzort , and B everly D uncan
The Geography of Communications in Great Britain , by J. H. A ppleton
A Glossary of Geographical Terms , prepared by a committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, and edited by L. D udley S tamp
Cassell's New Atlas , Cassell and Co., Ltd.
The Meridian Compact Atlas of the World , Meridian Books, The World Publishing Co., New York, 1961; cartographie par John Bartholomew and Son Ltd., Great Britain, 1961; XVI pages de statistiques, 128 pages de cartes, index de 30 pages     

Reviews / Comptes rendus

Book reviewed in this article:
Political, Electoral and Spatial Systems: An Essay in Political Geography , by R.J. J ohnston , Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1979
Location and Public Problems: A Political Geography of the Contemporary World , by K evin R. Cox, Maaroufa Press, Chicago
Changing Canadian Cities: The Next 25 Years , by L eonard O. G ertler and R onald W. C rowley , M cclelland and Stewart, Toronto
The Manipulated City: Perspectives on Spatial Structure and Social Issues in Urban America , by S tephen G ale and E.G. M oore
I Came to the City , by M ichael E. E liot H urst , Houghton Mifflin, Boston
The Canadian Alternative. Survival, Expeditions and Urban Change , by W. B unge and R. B ordessa , Department of Geography, Geographical Monographs, York University, Toronto     

认知地图空间分析的地理学研究进展

认知地图是环境意象构成要素、要素间的距离和方向信息最为完全的表现形式,综合反映了居民对城市的认知和城市对居民的影响,是行为地理学核心研究内容之一。论文基于认知地图空间分析的视角,全面梳理了国内外的手绘地图研究、认知地图扭曲研究、地名认知/距离认知/城市空间结构认知、认知地图居民属性研究,提出了国内努力的方向。     

生态旅游及其景观生态学透视

在简单介绍生态旅游的产生及其与可持续旅游关系,以及简要总结生态旅游定义的基础上,本文尝试从旅游供给方、旅游需求方即旅游者和综合层次三个方面对生态旅游进行定义,可以概括为旅游者的旅游活动形式、生态旅游产品及其组合与可持续旅游思想在生态旅游目的地的综合和空间实现。在现代地理学与生态学结合下产生的景观生态学,既强调空间地域研究,又考虑生态学的思想和原则,为理解生态旅游的概念内涵提供了理论切入点。     

试论乡村聚落体系的规划组织

乡村地理学是人文地理的重要分枝学科,乡村聚落的演化是乡村地理学的重要研究内容。在新的经济、社会发展背景中,乡村的意义与价值正在被重新认识,对其进行合理的规划组织,以形成与区域宏观社会经济背景相匹配的聚落体系,对城乡区域空间的整体协调发展具有重要的现实意义。文章阐述了乡村聚落体系演化理论、规划组织理论。关于乡村聚落体系演化,本文提出了区域空间进程中的四个阶段:农业社会阶段、过渡性阶段、工业化阶段、技术工业和高消费阶段。文章还研究了国际上对乡村聚落体系组织的战略方法,包括职能地域一体化战略、选择性空间封闭战略、乡村城市发展战略。文章结合江苏的有关案例,重点论述了中心镇及中心村选建、设施配置、政策配套等内容,指出:①通过中心镇的建设实现乡镇合并、重组;②通过中心村的建设实现农业空间的集约化经营,推动城市化进程;③通过配套支撑体系来实现对乡村聚落体系优化的引导。提出了中心村选建的主要标准:①区位优势;②联系合理;③规模经济;④节约用地。     

Book Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Alexander Wilson The Culture of Nature: North American Landscape from Disney to the Exxon Valdez.
S. Fainstein, I. Gordon & M. Harloe (Eds.) Divided Cities: New York and London in the Contemporary World.
K. Hoggart and D. Green (Eds.) London: A New Metropolitan Geography.
B. Jacobs, Fractured Cities: Capitalism, Community and Empowerment in Britain and America.
A. Thornley (Ed.) The Crisis of London.
Samir Amin, Giovanni Arrighi, Andre Gunder Frank, Immanuel Wallerstein Transforming the Revolution: Social Movements and the World System.
John Friedmann, Empowerment: The Politics of Alternative Development.
Human Rights Commission, The Two South Africas; a people's geography.     

国外健康地理学研究进展

传统医学地理学研究从自然生态学角度出发,着重探讨自然环境对人类身体健康的影响。随着社会经济的发展,自然环境对人类健康的作用逐渐减小,社会文化环境成为影响人类健康,特别是城市居民身体健康的主要因素。本文回顾了20世纪70年代社会文化转型以来,医学地理学研究的重点转向以社会文化视角探究社会文化环境对人们身体健康,特别是心理健康的影响,以及医学地理学向一门新的健康地理学转变的过程,并梳理了新的健康地理学理论和研究内容的变化,总结了当前学科存在的一些问题,最后对新时期我国健康地理学的发展提出了展望。     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: A spatial approach to the measurement of support for the separatist movement in Norrhern New South Wales by E. R. Woolmington Central Otapo, by R. G. Lister & R. P. Hargreaves. Atlas of New Zealand Geography, by G. J. R. Linge and R. M. Frazer. Land and Society in New Zealand. Essays in Historical Geography, edited by R. F. Watters Rainfall in rhe Tropical Southwest Pacific by H. C. Brookfield and Doreen Hart The Delimitarion of Urban Boundaries, by G. J. R. Linge.     

An examination of student veteran education pathways at an American university

Military veterans are enrolling in higher education at the highest rates since the Second World War. This research seeks to examine how military experiences related to student experiences within the discipline of Geography. We use a survey instrument to measure student motivations, attitudes, and aspirations for declared Geography majors. Given a high presence of military connected students, we then examine the similarities and differences in motivations, attitudes, and aspirations between military connected and non-military students. Findings suggest that there are similarities between military and non-military students with regard to motivating factors for selecting Geography as a major, there are differences with regards to attitudes towards cultural geography, and differences in how students perceive their future interactions with the environment. Differences in demographics and travel experiences also are identified and likely contribute to shaping undergraduate geography experiences. The results offer useful insight on current Geography student needs, and assist faculty and departments in tailoring learning based on student experience.     

Thinking Arab women's spatiality: the case of ‘mutanazahat’ in Nablus,Palestine

This article aims to develop our understanding of Arab women's spatiality. It highlights the effect of the embedded culture and the physical environment on shaping women's urban experiences. Drawing on feminist geographic and planning theory, this article develops an analytical framework to think women's spatial options and behaviours. The remainder of the article presents empirical research on two outdoor public spaces in the city of Nablus, Palestine, and analyses the use of these spaces by Nablusi women. It is concluded that three factors – space audience, spatial opportunities and space organisation – affect their perception of space, which in turn shapes and constructs their spatial options and behaviours.