THE OPTIMAL PROVISION OF A CENTRAL PARK IN A CITY*

In this paper, I examine the conditions and decision rules pertaining to the efficient provision of a central park in a city (provision that must satisfy the Samuelson condition). An interesting finding is that an additional opportunity cost that results from competition with residential use must be included to determine the efficient size of a central park. An efficient central park is larger in a city with public landownership than in a city with absentee landownership. Profit maximization and population maximization can be used as decision rules to determine the efficient provision of a central park in both an open city with absentee landownership and one with public landownership. The net benefit of a central park in a closed city with absentee landownership is reflected not only in the land rent or profit, but also in the utility level, while that of a closed city with public landownership is fully reflected in the utility level. It is not feasible to determine the efficient size of a central park for a closed city with either absentee or public landownership solely based on observable market information.     

ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HOUSING TRAIT PRICES IN A THIRD WORLD CITY*

ABSTRACT. A first step in the process of economic analysis of housing markets in Third World cities is the econometric analysis of housing trait prices. The information on market price of housing is basic to the derivation/estimation of other market parameters such as housing demand and supply elasticities. In addition, housing trait prices constitute invaluable inputs into the analysis of effects of government housing programs. This paper presents estimates of housing trait prices in a Third World city housing market, the city of Jos in Nigeria. Nonlinear stochastic specification of a policy constrained hedonic price function is presented as an unbiased estimator of housing trait prices. The Box-Cox statistical procedure was employed in the paper to obtain hedonic regression coefficients which are the parameters needed to compute the average prices evaluated both at the mean of each trait and at their margins. The potential uses of housing trait prices for policy analysis are discussed briefly.     

A GROUND RADAR SURVEY OF MEDIEVAL KILN SITES IN SUZU CITY,WESTERN JAPAN*

A ground-penetrating radar study of medieval kiln sites located near Suzu city, on the Noto peninsula, was conducted prior to excavation. Archaeological site plans estimated from time slices of the closely-spaced parallel radar profiles are compared with excavations and a proton magnetometer survey. The results indicate that non-destructive remote sensing with radar can help to determine effectively the presence and general structural features of intact kiln floors.     

THE LAW OF ONE PRICE IN A NETWORK: ARBITRAGE AND PRICE DYNAMICS IN NATURAL GAS CITY GATE MARKETS*

ABSTRACT. In this paper we develop a model of the law of one price in a network where many markets are linked with a structure of paths. We show that arbitrage-free prices depend on the structure of the network and so do price dynamics. Our estimates indicate that local bypass and open access pipeline transportation were instrumental in opening arbitrage paths to natural gas city markets and causing their prices to converge. Spot markets in the city gates, pipeline hubs, and production fields, that are scattered over distant points in the vast pipeline network in the United States, now form a single market.     

留在淄博的蹴鞠影像

说起足球之旅,让人不自主的有多种遐想,向往去静谧的拉普拉塔河边的糖果盒球场,亲身体会阿根廷博卡青年队主球场内那种热血沸腾,零距离接触最狂热、最真实的南美球迷。向往去处处弥漫着足球竞技味道的欧罗巴大陆,体验那穿越阶层、永远最时尚的户外运动。想起足球,人们的血液里就冲撞着激情与狂野,让人有披上战衣征战沙场的冲动。现代足球已经完全渗透到了人们的生活之中,似乎地球上每个时刻都有硝烟弥漫的联赛,总有几个彻夜不眠的足球狂欢夜。说起足球之旅,国内行也能带给您别样的旅程。这个6月,与足球有关的奇幻行程在国内同样充满时尚。     

TRANSPORTATION IN Lhasa CITY TURNS TO A NEW PAGE

Road construction in Lhasa City has turned a new page over recent decades due to disinterested support from provincial and municipal governments in the hinterland, in particular under the auspices of the government of Beijing Municipality and Jiangsu Province.Unbelievable changes of the roads in Lhasa City not only improve the city's transportation infrastructure,but bring about direct benefits to local residents as well.     

TRANSPORTATION IN Lhasa CITY TURNS TO A NEW PAGE

Road construction in Lhasa City has turned a new page over recent decades due to disinterested support from provincial and municipal governments in the hinterland, in particular under the auspices of the government of Beijing Municipality and Jiangsu Province.Unbelievable changes of the roads in Lhasa City not only improve the city‘s transportation infrastructure,but bring about direct benefits to local residents as well.     

梦境之城 阿布扎比

在意大利作家卡尔维诺的《看不见的城市》里,“城市犹如梦境”,这是诗意地汇聚了世间无数城市的优点的美妙梦境,但梦境既非真实,也似乎永远都不会变为真实。阿布扎比。却无限接近了这个如梦境般的“城市”。     

URBAN PRODUCTIVITY: CITY SIZE OR INDUSTRY SIZE*

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the effect of city size and industry size on urban productivity in the food processing industry. Some formulations suggest productivity is associated with industry size rather than city size. However, when allowance is made for the tendency of food processing to locate near relevant raw materials and for regional dummies, there is no support for industry scale economies. Agglomeration effects, associated with city size, do exist. The central estimates are based on the Chan-Mountain version of the translog production function. The results provide information on some facets of the appropriate balance between industrial and agricultural production.     

SHARABLE INPUTS,PRODUCT VARIETY,AND CITY SIZES*

In this paper, I investigate some of the causes of city formation in spatial economies. A model is proposed in which an intermediate differentiated input shared by more than one industry is the cause of the formation of diversified cities. The desire of both the traded-good and the local-good industries to employ a variety of inputs from the intermediate industry provides the reason for the agglomeration of the three industries. In addition, the paper contains a comparative-statics analysis of the model in an open and a closed-city framework. It is demonstrated that the larger the city, the more variety of intermediate inputs the city can provide and the more specialized it is in the production of the traded-good. Moreover, the model suggests that different industrial structures will result in different city Sizes.